Gutunganya amabuye y'agaciro ni igikorwa gitegura ibikoresho fatizo byo gushongesha ibyuma no gukora inganda zikora imiti, kandi gushushanya ifuro byabaye uburyo bw'ingenzi bwo gutunganya amabuye y'agaciro. Hafi ya byose bishobora gutandukanywa hakoreshejwe gushushanya.
Muri iki gihe, flotation ikoreshwa cyane mu kubyaza umusaruro ibyuma bya feri—cyane cyane icyuma na manganese—nk'amabara ya hematite, smithsonite, na ilmenite; ibyuma by'agaciro nka zahabu na feza; ibyuma bitari feri nka umuringa, icyuma cy'ubutare, zinc, cobalt, nickel, molybdenum, na antimoni, harimo n'amabuye ya sulfide nka galena, sphalerite, chalcopyrite, bornite, molybdenite, na pentlandite, ndetse n'amabuye ya okiside nka malachite, cerussite, hemimorphite, cassiterite, na wolframite. Ikoreshwa kandi ku mabuye y'agaciro atari ay'icyuma nka fluorite, apatite, na barite, amabuye y'agaciro ashongeshwa nk'umunyu wa potashi n'umunyu w'amabuye, n'amabuye atari ay'icyuma n'amabuye ya silicate nka makara, grafiti, sulfur, diyama, quartz, mica, feldspar, beryl, na spodumene.
Flotation imaze kugira uburambe bwinshi mu bijyanye no kubyaza umusaruro, hamwe n’iterambere rihoraho mu ikoranabuhanga. Amabuye y’agaciro yafatwaga mbere ko adafite agaciro mu nganda bitewe n’imiterere yayo iri hasi cyangwa igoye ubu arimo kugaruzwa (nk’umutungo wa kabiri) binyuze mu kubyaza umusaruro.
Uko umutungo w’amabuye y’agaciro ugenda urushaho kuba muke, hamwe n’amabuye y’agaciro y’ingirakamaro akwirakwizwa neza kandi mu buryo buhambaye mu mabuye y’agaciro, ingorane zo kuyatandukanya zariyongereye. Kugira ngo bigabanye ikiguzi cyo kuyatunganya, inganda nk’ibikoresho by’icyuma n’imiti zashyizeho amahame meza y’ubuziranenge n’ibisabwa mu gutunganya ibikoresho fatizo—ni ukuvuga ibicuruzwa byatandukanyijwe.
Ku ruhande rumwe, hakenewe kunoza ubwiza, naho ku rundi ruhande, ikibazo cyo gutandukanya amabuye y’agaciro meza cyatumye uburyo bwo kuzenguruka burushaho kuba bwiza kurusha ubundi buryo, bugashyirwa mu bikorwa nk'uburyo bukoreshwa cyane kandi butanga icyizere muri iki gihe. Mbere na mbere, uburyo bwo kuzenguruka bwakoreshejwe mu gutunganya amabuye y’agaciro ya sulfide, bwagiye burushaho kwaguka kugeza aho burimo amabuye y’agaciro ya oxide n’andi atari ay’icyuma. Muri iki gihe, ingano y’amabuye y’agaciro atunganywa n’uburyo bwo kuzenguruka irenga toni miliyari nyinshi ku isi.
Mu myaka ya vuba aha, ikoreshwa ry'ikoranabuhanga ryo gutunganya amabuye y'agaciro ryagutse cyane cyane mu bijyanye no kurengera ibidukikije, ikoranabuhanga ryo gukora ibyuma, gukora impapuro, ubuhinzi, imiti, ibiribwa, ibikoresho, ubuvuzi, n'ibinyabuzima.
Ingero zirimo kugarura ibice by'agaciro bivuye mu bicuruzwa biri hagati muri pyrometallurgy, volatiques, na slag; kugarura ibisigazwa by'amazi no kwimuka mu mazi biva mu mazi; ikoreshwa rya slag mu nganda z'imiti mu gukuraho impapuro zasubiwemo no kugarura insinga mu nzoga z'imyanda; hamwe n'ibikorwa bisanzwe byo mu buhanga mu by'ibidukikije nko gukura amavuta akomeye mu myanda yo ku nkengero z'uruzi, gutandukanya imyanda ikomeye mu mazi yanduye, no gukuraho colloids, bagiteri, n'imyanda y'icyuma.
Hamwe n'impinduka mu mikorere n'uburyo bwo kuzenguruka, ndetse no kugaragara kw'ibikoresho bishya kandi bikora neza cyane byo kuzenguruka, kuzenguruka bizakoreshwa mu buryo bwagutse mu nganda no mu nzego nyinshi. Ariko, ni ngombwa kumenya ko ikoreshwa ry'izenguruka risaba ikiguzi cyo gutunganya ibintu kinini (ugereranije no gutandukanya ingufu za rukuruzi cyangwa imbaraga za rukuruzi), ibisabwa bikomeye ku bunini bw'uduce tw'ibiryo, ibintu byinshi bigira ingaruka ku ihindagurika ry'ikirere bisaba ubushishozi bwinshi mu mikorere, hamwe n'ingaruka zishobora guterwa n'ibidukikije zituruka ku mazi mabi arimo uduce dusigaye tw'ibice by ...
Igihe cyo kohereza: Ugushyingo-14-2025