Surfactantsni ibintu bifite imiterere yihariye yimiti kandi ikoreshwa cyane mubikorwa byo kwisiga. Bakora nk'ibikoresho bifasha kwisiga-nubwo bikoreshwa muke, bigira uruhare runini. Surfactants iboneka mubicuruzwa byinshi, harimo byoza mu maso, amavuta yo kwisiga, amavuta yo kwisiga, shampo, kondereti, hamwe nu menyo. Imikorere yabo yo kwisiga iratandukanye, cyane cyane harimo emulisile, kweza, kubira ifuro, solubilisation, ibikorwa bya antibacterial, ingaruka za antistatike, no gutatanya. Hasi, turasobanura inshingano zabo enye:
(1) Emulisation
Emulisation ni iki? Nkuko tubizi, amavuta n'amavuta yo kwisiga dukunze gukoresha mubuvuzi bwuruhu birimo ibice byamavuta hamwe namazi menshi - ni uruvange rwamavuta namazi. Nyamara, kuki tudashobora kubona ibitonyanga byamavuta cyangwa amazi atemba n'amaso? Ni ukubera ko bagize sisitemu ikwirakwijwe cyane: ibice byamavuta bigabanwa neza nkibitonyanga bito mumazi, cyangwa amazi akwirakwizwa kimwe nkibitonyanga bito mumavuta. Iyambere yitwa amavuta-mumazi (O / W) emulioni, mugihe iyanyuma ari mumazi-y-amavuta (W / O). Amavuta yo kwisiga yubwoko azwi nka cosmetike ishingiye kuri emulsiyo, ubwoko bukunze kugaragara.
Mubihe bisanzwe, amavuta namazi ntibishoboka. Iyo gukangura bimaze guhagarara, bitandukanya mubice, binanirwa gukora ibintu bihamye, bitatanye. Nyamara, muri cream na lisansi (ibicuruzwa bishingiye kuri emulsiyo), ibice byamavuta namazi birashobora gukora ivangwa neza, gutatanya kimwe bitewe no kongeramo surfactants. Imiterere yihariye ya surfactants ituma ibyo bintu bidasobanutse bivanga kimwe, bigashyiraho uburyo bwo gukwirakwiza ibintu bihamye - aribyo emulioni. Iyi mikorere ya surfactants yitwa emulisifike, naho surfactants ikora iyi nshingano yitwa emulisiferi. Rero, surfactants zirahari mumavuta n'amavuta yo kwisiga dukoresha burimunsi.
(2) Isuku no kubira ifuro
Ibintu bimwe na bimwe byerekana ibintu byiza byo kweza no kubira ifuro. Isabune, urugero ruzwi, ni ubwoko bukoreshwa bwa surfactant. Isabune yo kwiyuhagira hamwe nisabune yo mu kabari yishingikiriza kubice byisabune (surfactants) kugirango bigere ku isuku no kubira ifuro. Bimwe mubisukura mumaso nabyo bikoresha ibikoresho byisabune kugirango bisukure. Nyamara, isabune ifite imbaraga zikomeye zo gukora isuku, ishobora kwambura uruhu rwamavuta karemano kandi irashobora kurakara gato, bigatuma idakwiriye kuruhu rwumye cyangwa rworoshye.
Byongeye kandi, geles yo kwiyuhagira, shampo, gukaraba intoki, hamwe nu menyo wamenyo byose bishingira kumashanyarazi kubikorwa byabo byo kweza no kubira ifuro.
(3) Gukemura
Surfactants irashobora kongera ubukana bwibintu bidashobora gushonga cyangwa bidashonga neza mumazi, bikabasha gushonga burundu kandi bigashakirwa igisubizo kiboneye. Iyi mikorere yitwa solubilisation, kandi surfactants zibikora zizwi nka solubilizers.
Kurugero, niba dushaka kongeramo amavuta menshi cyane muri tonier isobanutse, amavuta ntashobora gushonga mumazi ahubwo azareremba nkibitonyanga bito hejuru. Mugukoresha imbaraga za solubilizing ya surfactants, turashobora kwinjiza amavuta muri toner, bikavamo kugaragara neza, gukorera mu mucyo. Ariko, ni ngombwa kumenya ko amavuta ashobora gushonga hakoreshejwe solubilisation ari make - ubwinshi buragoye gushonga mumazi. Kubwibyo, uko amavuta yiyongera, ingano ya surfactant nayo igomba kwiyongera kugirango emulisile amavuta namazi. Niyo mpanvu toni zimwe zigaragara neza cyangwa zifite amata yera: zirimo igice kinini cyamavuta yubushuhe, ayo surfactants yigana amazi.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Ugushyingo-11-2025