Inganda zikora ibikoresho byo mu rugo n'iby'umuntu ku giti cye zikemura ibibazo bitandukanye bigira ingaruka ku miti yo kwita ku muntu ku giti cye no ku isuku yo mu rugo.
Inama Mpuzamahanga y’Abakora Surfactant yo mu 2023 yateguwe na CESIO, Komite y’i Burayi ishinzwe Abakora Surfactant n’Abakora Intermediate, yahuje abayobozi 350 baturutse mu bigo bitunganya ibikoresho nka Procter & Gamble, Unilever na Henkel. Hari kandi n’ibigo bihagarariye ibindi byose bijyanye n’uruhererekane rw’ibicuruzwa.
CESIO 2023 ibera i Roma kuva ku ya 5 kugeza ku ya 7 Kamena.
Perezida w’inama Tony Gough wo muri Innospec yakiriye abitabiriye inama; ariko icyarimwe, yashyizeho urukurikirane rw’ibibazo bizahangayikisha inganda zikora surfactants mu byumweru, amezi n’imyaka biri imbere. Yagaragaje ko icyorezo gishya cy’ikamba cyagaragaje imbogamizi z’urwego rw’ubuvuzi ku isi; ukwiyongera kw’abaturage ku isi bizatuma umuhigo wa Loni ku rwego rw’isi rwo ku gipimo cya -1.5°C urushaho kugorana; Intambara y’Uburusiya muri Ukraine irimo kugira ingaruka ku biciro; muri 2022, imiti y’ubumwe bw’ibihugu by’Uburayi ituruka mu mahanga yatangiye kurenza iyoherezwa mu mahanga.
"Uburayi bufite ibihe bigoye byo guhangana na Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika n'Ubushinwa," Gough yemeye.
Muri icyo gihe, abashinzwe kugenzura ibintu barimo gushyira ibintu byinshi ku nganda zikora isuku n'abazitanga, bagiye bareka ibikomoka ku bimera.
Yabajije abari aho ati: "Ni gute twakoresha ibikoresho by'icyatsi kibisi?"
Ibibazo byinshi n'ibisubizo byatanzwe mu gihe cy'iminsi itatu, hamwe n'amagambo yo kwakira neza yatanzwe na Raffael Tardi wo mu Ishyirahamwe ry'Abataliyani rishinzwe imiti myiza n'iy'umwihariko AISPEC-Federchimica. Yagize ati: "Inganda z'imiti ni zo shingiro ry'Amasezerano y'Uburayi arengera ibidukikije. Inganda zacu zigizweho ingaruka cyane n'ingamba zo gushyiraho amategeko," nk'uko yabibwiye abitabiriye. "Ubufatanye ni bwo buryo bwonyine bwo kugera ku ntsinzi tudasize inyuma ireme ry'ubuzima."
Yavuze ko Roma ari umurwa mukuru w'umuco n'umurwa mukuru w'ibinyabutabire bikoresha imiti; avuga ko chimie ari wo musingi w'inganda z'Ubutaliyani. Kubwibyo, AISPEC-Federchimica ikora kugira ngo yongere ubumenyi bw'abanyeshuri mu bijyanye na chimie mu gihe isobanura impamvu isuku ari igisubizo cyiza cyo kunoza ubuzima bw'abaguzi.
Amabwiriza aremereye yaganiriweho mu nama no mu byumba by’inama mu gihe cy’iminsi itatu. Ntibyari byumvikana neza niba ibitekerezo byageze ku bahagarariye EU REACH. Ariko ikigaragara ni uko Giuseppe Casella, umuyobozi w’ishami rya REACH rya Komisiyo y’Uburayi, yahisemo kuvuga akoresheje videwo. Ikiganiro cya Casella cyibanze ku ivugurura rya REACH, yasobanuye ko rifite intego eshatu:
Kongera uburyo bwo kurengera ubuzima bw'abantu n'ibidukikije binyuze mu gutanga amakuru ahagije ku binyabutabire n'ingamba zikwiye zo gucunga ingaruka;
Kunoza imikorere n'ipiganwa ry'isoko ry'imbere mu gihugu binyuze mu kunoza amategeko n'amabwiriza ariho kugira ngo hongerwe imikorere; naKunoza iyubahirizwa ry'ibisabwa na REACH.
Ivugurura ry’iyandikisha rikubiyemo amakuru mashya yerekeye ibyago akenewe muri dosiye yo kwiyandikisha, harimo n’amakuru akenewe kugira ngo hamenyekane ibintu bishobora kwangiza imisemburo y’amaraso. Amakuru arambuye cyangwa andi makuru ku ikoreshwa n’imiti n’ishyirwa mu bikorwa ryayo. Imenyesha rya polymer n’iyandikisha. Amaherezo, ibintu bishya byo gutandukanya imvange byagaragaye mu isuzuma ry’umutekano w’imiti ryita ku ngaruka z’imiti.
Izindi ngamba zirimo koroshya uburyo bwo gutanga uburenganzira, kwagura uburyo rusange bwo gucunga ingaruka ku bindi byiciro by'ibiza n'imikoreshereze imwe n'imwe yihariye, no gushyiraho igitekerezo cy'ibanze cy'imikoreshereze kigamije kwihutisha gufata ibyemezo mu manza zisobanutse neza.
Iri vugurura rizashyiraho ubushobozi bwo kugenzura imigabane mu Burayi mu rwego rwo gushyigikira inzego zishinzwe iyubahirizwa ry’amategeko no kurwanya icuruzwa ritemewe rya interineti. Iri vugurura rizanoza ubufatanye n’inzego zishinzwe gasutamo kugira ngo harebwe ko ibicuruzwa byinjizwa mu gihugu byubahiriza REACH. Amaherezo, abadafite dosiye zo kwiyandikisha zitujuje ibisabwa bazakurwaho nimero zabo zo kwiyandikisha.
Izi ngamba zizatangira gushyirwa mu bikorwa ryari? Casella yavuze ko igitekerezo cya komite kizaba cyemejwe bitarenze igihembwe cya kane cya 2023. Inzira zisanzwe z’amategeko n’amakomisiyo bizaba mu 2024 na 2025.
Alex Föller, umuyobozi w’inama wo muri Tegewa yagize ati: “REACH yari ikibazo mu 2001 na 2003, ariko aya mavugurura aragoye kurushaho!”
Benshi bashobora gutekereza ko abashingamategeko b’Umuryango w’Ubumwe bw’u Burayi bashinjwa gukora ibikorwa biremereye kuri REACH, ariko abakinnyi batatu bakomeye mu nganda zikora isuku ku isi bafite gahunda zabo bwite zo kubungabunga ibidukikije, zaganiriweho byimbitse mu nama y’ibanze y’Inteko Ishinga Amategeko. Phil Vinson wo muri Procter & Gamble yatangiye ikiganiro cye ashima isi y’ibintu bikoreshwa mu gukora surfactants.
Yagize ati: “Biragaragara ko surfactants yagize uruhare runini mu iterambere ry’ubuzima kuva ku iremwa rya RNA. Ibyo bishobora kuba atari ukuri, ariko ni ikintu gikwiye kwitabwaho.”
Ikigaragara ni uko icupa rya litiro imwe ry’isabune rigizwe na garama 250 za surfactant. Iyo micelles zose zishyirwa ku mugozi, byaba birebire bihagije kugira ngo zigende zigaruka n’izuba.
"Maze imyaka 38 niga ku bintu bikoresha surfactants. Tekereza uburyo bibika ingufu mu gihe cyo gukata," arabyishimira. "Vesoles, vesicles zifunze, discoidal twins, bicontinuous microemulsions. Ni byo by'ingenzi mu byo dukora. Biratangaje!"
Nubwo shimi ari ikibazo gikomeye, n'ibibazo bijyanye n'ibikoresho fatizo n'imiti ikoreshwa mu gukora imiti ni uko bimeze. Vinson yavuze ko P&G yiyemeje iterambere rirambye, ariko atari ukubangamira imikorere. Kuramba bigomba gushingira ku bumenyi bwiza no gushaka amasoko meza, nk'uko yabitangaje. Yagarutse ku baguzi ba nyuma, yagaragaje ko mu bushakashatsi bwa Procter & Gamble, ibibazo bitatu mu bibazo bitanu bya mbere abaguzi bahangayikishijwe nabyo byari bifitanye isano n'ibibazo by'ibidukikije.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Kamena-03-2019