Kushandiswa kwezvinhu zvinoshandisa masurfactantmukugadzirwa kwemafuta
1. Ma surfactants anoshandiswa pakuchera mafuta anorema
Nekuda kwekuoma kwakanyanya uye kuyerera kusina kunaka kwemafuta anorema, zvinounza matambudziko mazhinji mukuchera. Kuti ubvise mafuta aya anorema, dzimwe nguva zvinodikanwa kuisa mvura mumugodhi wepasi we surfactant kuti uchinje mafuta anorema ane viscosity yakawanda kuita emulsion ine viscosity yakaderera uye woiburitsa pamusoro. Ma surfactants anoshandiswa munzira iyi yekuderedza emulsification yemafuta anorema anosanganisira sodium alkyl sulfonate, polyoxyethylene alkyl alcohol ether, polyoxyethylene alkyl phenol ether, polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene polyene polyamine, polyoxyethylene Vinyl alkyl alcohol ether sulfate sodium salt, nezvimwewo. Emulsion yemafuta anogadzirwa inoda kuparadzanisa mvura uye kushandisa mamwe ma industrial surfactants se demulsifiers ekuderedza kushaya mvura. Ma demulsifiers aya ma emulsifiers emvura-mumafuta. Anowanzoshandiswa ma cationic surfactants kana naphthenic acids, asphaltonic acids uye multivalent metal salts.
Mafuta anokosha haagone kucherwa nemayuniti ekupomba akajairika uye anoda jekiseni remhepo kuti adzore kupisa. Kuti uvandudze simba remhepo, ma surfactants anofanira kushandiswa. Kupinza furo mugomba remhepo, kureva kuti, kubaya furo rinodzivirira kupisa kwakanyanya uye gasi risingapindi mvura, ndeimwe yenzira dzinowanzo shandiswa pakugadzirisa.
Zvinhu zvinonyanya kushandiswa zvinoumba furo ialkyl benzene sulfonates, α-olefin sulfonates, petroleum sulfonates, sulfohydrocarbylated polyoxyethylene alkyl alcohol ethers uye sulfohydrocarbylated polyoxyethylene alkyl phenol ethers, nezvimwewo. Nekuti fluorinated surfactants ine basa guru pamusoro uye yakagadzikana kune acids, alkalis, oxygen, heat uye oil, imhando yepamusoro yefuro inoputika. Kuti mafuta akapararira apfuure nyore nyore nepaburi rehuro, kana kuti mafuta ari pamusoro pehuro abudiswe nyore, zvakakosha kushandisa surfactant inonzi film diffusing agent. Inoshandiswa kazhinji ioxyalkylated phenolic resin polymer surface activity. agent.
- Zvinhu zvinogadzira mafuta ekuchera mafuta asina kucherwa ane wakisi
Kushandisa mafuta asina kuchena ane wakisi kunoda kudzivirira wakisi nguva nenguva uye kubvisa wakisi. Ma surfactants anoshanda seanodzivirira wakisi uye anobvisa wakisi. Kune ma surfactants anonyungudika mumafuta uye ma surfactants anonyungudika mumvura anoshandiswa kurwisa wakisi. Yekutanga inoita basa rekurwisa wakisi nekuchinja hunhu hwepamusoro pe wakisi. Ma surfactants anonyungudika mumafuta anoshandiswa kazhinji i petroleum sulfonates uye amine surfactants. Ma surfactants anonyungudika mumvura anoita basa rekurwisa wakisi nekuchinja hunhu hwenzvimbo dzakaumbwa newakisi (dzakadai semapaipi emafuta, tsvimbo dzinosukwa uye nzvimbo dzemidziyo). Ma surfactants aripo anosanganisira sodium alkyl sulfonates, quaternary ammonium salts, alkane polyoxyethylene ethers, aromatic hydrocarbon polyoxyethylene ethers uye sulfonate sodium salts dzadzo, nezvimwewo. Ma surfactants anoshandiswa kubvisa wakisi akakamurwawo muzvikamu zviviri. Zvinoshandiswa mumafuta zvinobvisa wakisi mumafuta, uye zvinoshandisa mvura zvinonyungudika sesulfonate, quaternary ammonium salt type, polyether type, Tween type, OP type surfactants, Sulfate-based kana sulfo-alkylated flat-type uye OP-type.chinhu chinonyungudutsas dzinoshandiswa mukubvisa wakisi mumvura. Mumakore achangopfuura, zvinobvisa wakisi zvemumba nekunze kwenyika zvakabatanidzwa organic, uye zvinobvisa wakisi zvine mafuta nezvinobvisa wakisi zvine mvura zvakabatanidzwa organic kuti zvigadzire zvinobvisa wakisi zvakasanganiswa. Iyi wakisi inoshandisa aromatic hydrocarbons ne mixed aromatic hydrocarbons sechikamu chemafuta, uye inoshandisa emulsifier ine wakisi clearing effect sechikamu chemvura. Kana emulsifier yakasarudzwa iri nonionic surfactant ine nzvimbo yakakodzera yegore, tembiricha iri pasi pechikamu chekuisa wakisi chetsime remafuta inogona kusvika kana kupfuura nzvimbo yayo yegore, kuitira kuti musanganiswa wewakisi ugone. Emulsification inotyorwa isati yapinda muchikamu chekugadzira wakisi, uye zvinhu zviviri zvinobvisa wakisi zvinoparadzaniswa, izvo panguva imwe chete zvinoita basa rekubvisa wakisi.
3. Zvinoshandisa ma surfactantsinoshandiswa kusimbisa ivhu
Ivhu rinodzikamisa zvinhu rakakamurwa kuita zvinhu zviviri: kudzivirira kuwanda kwemaminerari evhu uye kudzivirira kufamba kwemaminerari evhu. MaCationic surfactants akadai seamine salt type, quaternary ammonium salt type, pyridinium salt type, uye imidazoline salt anogona kushandiswa kudzivirira kuzvimba kwevhu. MaFluorine-containing nonionic-cationic surfactants anowanikwa kudzivirira kufamba kwemaminerari evhu.
4. Zvinoshandisa ma surfactantsinoshandiswa mukuyedza acidification
Kuti pave nekuwedzera acidification effect, zvinhu zvakasiyana-siyana zvinowedzerwa mumushonga weasidhi. Chero surfactant inoenderana nemushonga weasidhi uye inonyungudika nyore nyore nekugadzirwa kwayo inogona kushandiswa sechinhu chinodzivisa acidification. Zvakadai se fatty amine hydrochloride, quaternary ammonium salt, pyridine salt mu cationic surfactants uye sulfonated, carboxymethylated, phosphate ester salted kana sulfate ester salted polyoxyethylene alkanes mu amphoteric surfactants base phenol ether, nezvimwewo. Mamwe ma surfactants, akadai se dodecyl sulfonic acid ne alkylamine salts yayo, anogona emulsify acid liquid mumafuta kuti agadzire acid-in-oil emulsion. Iyi emulsion inogona kushandiswa se acidified industrial liquid uye ine basa rekudzora.
Mamwe ma surfactants anogona kushandiswa se anti-emulsifiers pakugadzira acid. Ma surfactants ane zvivakwa zvine matavi akadai se polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene propylene glycol ether uye polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene pentaethylene hexamine anogona kushandiswa se anti-emulsifiers.
Mamwe ma surfactants anogona kushandiswa senzira dzekubatsira pakubuda kwemvura isina acid. Ma surfactants anogona kushandiswa senzira dzekubatsira pakubuda kwemvura anosanganisira amine salt type, quaternary ammonium salt type, pyridinium salt type, nonionic, amphoteric uye fluorine-containing surfactants.
Mamwe ma surfactants anogona kushandiswa sezvinhu zvinodzivirira acid-sludge agents, zvakaita se oil-soluble surfactants, zvakaita se alkylphenols, fatty acids, alkylbenzenesulfonic acids, quaternary ammonium salts, nezvimwewo. Nekuti haana acid solubility yakakwana, nonionic surfactants dzinogona kushandiswa kudziparadzira mu acid solution.
Kuti pave nekuwedzera acidification effect, wetting reversal agent inofanira kuwedzerwa mumushonga weacid kuti idzore wettability ye near-wellbore zone kubva pa lipophilic kuenda ku hydrophilic. Musanganiswa we polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene alkyl alcohol ethers uye phosphate-salted polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene alkyl alcohol ethers inonyungudutswa nekuumbwa kwayo kuti iite third adsorption layer, iyo inoita basa mukunyorovesa nekudzoka.
Pamusoro pezvo, kune mamwe ma surfactants, akadai se fatty amine hydrochloride, quaternary ammonium salt kana nonionic-anionic surfactant, anoshandiswa se foaming agents kugadzira foam acid working fluid kuti zviite kuti corrosion iite deep acidification, kana kuti ma foam anogadzirwa kubva mu foam uye anoshandiswa se pre-fluid ye acidification. Mushure mekunge apinzwa mukugadzirwa, acid solution inopinzwa. Jamin effect inogadzirwa nemabubbles ari mu foam inogona kutsausa acid liquid, ichimanikidza acid liquid kuti inyungudise low permeability layer, nokudaro ichivandudza acidification effect.
5. Mishonga inoshandiswa pakucheka zvidimbu
Nzira dzekupwanya mapfupa dzinowanzo shandiswa munzvimbo dzine mafuta asingapindi mvura yakawanda. Dzinoshandisa kudzvanya kuti dzivhure mapfupa kuti dzigadzire mapfupa, uye dzinoshandisa proppant kutsigira mapfupa kuti dzideredze kuramba kwemvura uye kuzadzisa chinangwa chekuwedzera kugadzirwa nekutarisirwa. Mamwe mapfupa anopwanya mapfupa anogadzirwa nemasurfactants sechimwe chezvinhu zvinosanganisa mafuta.
Mvura inopwanya mafuta mumvura inogadzirwa nemvura, mafuta uye emulsifiers. Emulsifiers dzinoshandiswa ionic, nonionic uye amphoteric surfactants. Kana mvura yakakora ikashandiswa sechikamu chekunze uye mafuta akashandiswa sechikamu chemukati, mvura inopwanya mafuta mumvura inopwanya mafuta (polymer emulsion) inogona kugadzirwa. Mvura iyi inopwanya mafuta inogona kushandiswa patembiricha iri pasi pe160°C uye inogona kupwanya emulsions yoga uye kubvisa mvura.
Mvura inopwanya furo imvura inopwanya furo inoshandisa mvura senzira yekupararira uye gasi senzira yekupararira. Zvikamu zvayo zvikuru imvura, gasi uye mushonga wekupupuma furo. Alkyl sulfonates, alkyl benzene sulfonates, alkyl sulfate ester salts, quaternary ammonium salts uye OP surfactants zvese zvinogona kushandiswa semushonga wekupupuma furo. Kuwanda kwemushonga wekupupuma furo mumvura kunowanzova 0.5-2%, uye chiyero chehuwandu hwegasi kuhuwandu hwefuro chiri pakati pe0.5-0.9.
Mvura inopwanyika inobva mumafuta imvura inopwanyika yakagadzirwa nemafuta senzira yekunyungudutsa kana kuti nzira yekupararira. Mafuta anonyanya kushandiswa panzvimbo iyi ioiri isina kucheneswa kana kuti chikamu chayo chinorema. Kuti ive nekuwedzera kunaka kwayo uye hunhu hwekupisa, petroleum sulfonate inonyunguduka mumafuta (huremu hwemamorekuru 300-750) inofanira kuwedzerwa. Mvura inopwanyika inobva mumafuta inosanganisirawo mvura inopwanyika mumafuta uye mvura inopwanyika yefoam. Emulsifiers dzinoshandiswa mune yekutanga ianionic surfactants inonyunguduka mumafuta, cationic surfactants uye nonionic surfactants, nepo foam stabilizers dzinoshandiswa mune yekupedzisira dziri fluorine-containing polymer surfactants.
Mvura inopwanyika inoshandiswa pakupatsanura matombo inoshandisa musanganiswa wedoro (rakadai seethylene glycol) nemafuta (rakadai separafini) senzvimbo yekupararira, mvura inonyungudika sechikamu chekupararira, uye sulfate-salted polyoxyethylene alkyl alcohol ether semushonga we emulsifier. Kana emulsion kana furo rakagadzirwa nemushonga wefuro kuti ripararire matombo anopwanyika.
Mvura inopwanyika inoshandiswa pakupwanyika uye kugadzira acidification imvura inopwanyika uye inoita acidifying fluid. Inoshandiswa mukugadzirwa kwecarbonate, uye matanho maviri aya anoitwa panguva imwe chete. Zvine chekuita nemasurfactants iacid foam uye acid emulsion. Yekutanga inoshandisa alkyl sulfonate kana alkyl benzene sulfonate semushonga wefuro, uye yekupedzisira inoshandisa sulfonate surfactant semushonga we emulsifier. Kufanana nemvura inoita acid, mvura inopwanyika inoshandisawo masurfactants semushonga wekudzivirira emulsifier, mubatsiro wemvura inoyerera uye mushonga wekudzorera mvura, izvo zvisingazotaurwi pano.
6. Shandisa ma surfactants kudzora mafambiro emvura uye kudzivirira mvura
Kuti tivandudze simba rekugadzira mvura uye kuderedza kuwedzera kwehuwandu hwemvura ine mafuta asina kucheneswa, zvakakosha kugadzirisa huwandu hwemvura inonyudzwa pamatsime emvura uye kuwedzera kugadzirwa nekuvharira mvura pamatsime ekugadzira. Dzimwe nzira dzekutonga uye dzekudzivirira mvura dzinowanzoshandisa mamwe ma surfactants.
HPC/SDS gel profile control agent inoumbwa nehydroxypropyl cellulose (HPC) uye sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) mumvura yakachena.
Sodium alkyl sulfonate nealkyl trimethyl ammonium chloride zvinonyungudutswa mumvura kuti zvigadzire mvura mbiri dzinoshanda, dzinopinzwa mukugadzirwa kwacho imwe mushure meimwe. Mvura mbiri dzinoshanda dzinoshanda pamwe chete mukugadzirwa kwacho kuti dzigadzire alkyl trimethylamine. Sulfite inodzika uye inovhara layer ine permeability yakakwira.
Polyoxyethylene alkyl phenol ethers, alkyl aryl sulfonates, nezvimwewo zvinogona kushandiswa sezvinhu zvinoburitsa furo, zvinonyungudutswa mumvura kugadzira mvura inoshanda, uye zvinozopinzwa muchimiro ichi zvichichinjana nemvura inoshanda yecarbon dioxide, panguva yekuumbwa kwayo (kunyanya yakakwirira. Layer inopindika) inoumba furo, inovhara, uye inoita basa rekudzora chimiro.
Uchishandisa quaternary ammonium surfactant semushonga wefuro wakanyungudutswa mu silicic acid sol inoumbwa ne ammonium sulfate negirazi remvura wobva wapinzwa muchimiro, wozopinzwa gasi risingapindi mvura (gasi rechisikigo kana chlorine), chimiro chakavakirwa mumvura chinogona kugadzirwa muchimiro chacho kutanga. Furo riri mu dispersion interlayer, richiteverwa ne gelation ye silicic acid sol, rinogadzira furo rine solid senzira yekupararira, iyo inoita basa rekubatanidza high permeability layer uye kudzora profile.
Uchishandisa sulfonate surfactants sezvinhu zvinogadzira furo uye polymer compounds sezvinhu zvinosimbisa furo, uye wobva waisa gasi kana zvinhu zvinogadzira gasi, furo rine mvura rinogadzirwa pasi kana kuti riri muchimiro. Furo iri rinoshanda pamusoro pemafuta. Huwandu hwakawanda hwemushonga hunoenda kunzvimbo inopindirana nemvura nemafuta, zvichikonzera kuparadzwa kwefuro, saka harivhari mafuta. Imushonga unosarudza uye unovhara mvura mutsime remafuta.
Chinhu chinovhara mvura nesimende chakagadzirwa nemafuta chinosungirirwa nesimende mumafuta. Pamusoro pesimende pane mvura. Kana ikapinda muchikamu chinoburitsa mvura, mvura inobvisa kubatana kuripo pakati petsime remafuta nesimende iri pamusoro pesimende, zvichiita kuti simende iome uye ivhare chikamu chinoburitsa mvura. Kuti simende iwedzere kuyerera kwechinhu ichi chinovhara mvura, carboxylate nesulfonate surfactants zvinowanzowedzerwa.
Mushonga wekudzivirira mvura unonyungudika mumvura we micellar unonyanya kugadzirwa ne petroleum ammonium sulfonate, hydrocarbons uye alcohols. Une mvura ine munyu wakawanda uye unova wakasimba kuti uvhare mvura.
Mhinduro ye cationic surfactant inobva mumvura kana mumafuta inovhara mvura inobva mu alkyl carboxylate ne alkyl ammonium chloride salt active agents uye yakakodzera chete kugadzirwa kwejecha.
Chinhu chinodzivirira mvura chinorema chine mafuta akawanda chakanyungudutswa ne emulsifier yemvura iri mumafuta. Chinogadzira emulsion yemvura iri mumafuta ine simba guru mushure mekunge yabviswa mvura kuti ivhare mvura.
Chinhu chinovhara mvura mumafuta mumvura chinogadzirwa nekubatanidza mafuta akawanda mumvura uchishandisa cationic surfactant semulsifier yemafuta mumvura.
7. Shandisa ma surfactants pakugadzirisa jecha
Pamberi pekushanda kwekudzora jecha, mvura yakagadzikwa yakagadzirwa nemasurfactants inofanira kuiswa semvura yekutanga kuchenesa chimiro chacho kuti ivandudze simba rekudzora jecha. Parizvino, masurfactants anonyanya kushandiswa ianionic surfactants.
8. Surfactant yekuderedza kupera kwemafuta asina kucheneswa
Muzvikamu zvekutanga nezvechipiri zvekudzoreredza mafuta, zvinobvisa mafuta mumafuta zvinowanzo shandiswa pamafuta asina kucheneswa anobviswa. Zvizvarwa zvitatu zvezvigadzirwa zvakagadzirwa. Chizvarwa chekutanga icarboxylate, sulfate nesulfonate. Chizvarwa chechipiri izvinhu zvine mamorekuru mashoma e nonionic surfactants zvakaita seOP, Pingpingjia ne sulfonated castor oil. Chizvarwa chechitatu i polymer nonionic surfactant.
Muzvikamu zvekupedzisira zvekudzoreredza mafuta echipiri uye kudzoreredza mafuta etatu, mafuta asina kuchena anogadzirwa anowanzo kuvepo muchimiro chemafuta-mu-mvura emulsion. Kune mhando ina dzema demulsifiers anoshandiswa, akadai se tetradecyltrimethyloxyammonium chloride uye didecyldimethylammonium chloride. Anogona kuita ne anionic emulsifiers kuti achinje kukosha kwawo kwe hydrophilic oil balance, kana kuti Adsorbed pamusoro pezvidimbu zvevhu zvakanyorova mumvura, zvichichinja kunyorova kwadzo uye kuparadza mafuta-mu-mvura emulsions. Pamusoro pezvo, mamwe ma anionic surfactants uye nonionic surfactants anonyungudika mumafuta anogona kushandiswa se water-in-oil emulsifiers anogonawo kushandiswa se demulsifiers yemafuta-mu-mvura emulsions.
- Zvinoshandiswa pakurapa mvura
Mushure mekunge mvura yekugadzira mafuta yaparadzaniswa nemafuta asina kucheneswa, mvura inogadzirwa inofanira kugadziriswa kuti ienderane nezvinodiwa zvekuiswazve. Kune zvinangwa zvitanhatu zvekurapa mvura, zvinoti kudzivirira ngura, kudzivirira scale, sterilization, kubvisa okisijeni, kubvisa mafuta uye kubvisa zvinhu zvakasimba zvakasungirirwa. Saka, zvakakosha kushandisa zvinodzivirira ngura, zvinorwisa kukura kwemafuta, mishonga inouraya bhakitiriya, zvinobvisa oxygen, zvinobvisa mafuta mumafuta, uye zvinobvisa mafuta mumafuta, nezvimwewo. Zvinhu zvinotevera zvinosanganisira zvinhu zvinoshandisa maindasitiri:
Mishonga inoshandiswa muindasitiri senzira yekudzivirira ngura inosanganisira munyu wealkyl sulfonic acid, alkyl benzene sulfonic acid, perfluoroalkyl sulfonic acid, linear alkyl amine salts, quaternary ammonium salts, uye alkyl pyridine salts. , munyu weimidazoline nezvimwe zvinobva mairi, polyoxyethylene alkyl alcohol ethers, polyoxyethylene dialkyl propargyl alcohol, polyoxyethylene rosin amine, polyoxyethylene stearylamine uye polyoxyethylene alkyl alcohol ethers Alkyl sulfonate, munyu wemukati wequaternary ammonium, munyu wemukati wedi(polyoxyethylene)alkyl uye zvinobva mairi.
Zvinhu zvinoshandiswa pakuderedza kusvibiswa kwemvura zvinosanganisira phosphate ester salts, sulfate ester salts, acetates, carboxylates uye polyoxyethylene compounds dzadzo. Kugadzikana kwekupisa kwesulfonate ester salts necarboxylate salts kuri nani zvikuru pane kwephosphate ester salts nesulfate ester salts.
Mishonga inoshandiswa mumaindasitiri inoshandiswa mumishonga yefungicides inosanganisira linear alkylamine salts, quaternary ammonium salts, alkylpyridinium salts, munyu weimidazoline nezvimwe zvinobva mairi, munyu wakasiyana-siyana wequaternary ammonium salts, di(polyoxy) Vinyl) alkyl uye munyu wemukati wezvinobuda mairi.
Ma-surfactant emumaindasitiri anoshandiswa mukubvisa mafuta akawandisa kazhinji ma-surfactant ane zvivakwa zvine matavi uye mapoka e-sodium dithiocarboxylate.
10. Surfactant yekufashamira mafuta emakemikari
Kudzoreredza oiri yekutanga neyechipiri kunogona kudzoreredza 25%-50% yemafuta asina kucheneswa ari pasi pevhu, asi kuchine mafuta akawanda asina kucheneswa ari pasi pevhu uye asingakwanise kudzoreredzwa. Kudzoreredza oiri yepamusoro kunogona kuvandudza kudzoreredza oiri isina kucheneswa. Kudzoreredza oiri yepamusoro kunonyanya kushandisa nzira yemakemikari yekufashamira, ndiko kuti, kuwedzera mamwe makemikari mumvura inopinzwa kuti ivandudze kushanda kwemafashamira emvura. Pakati pemakemikari anoshandiswa, mamwe ane ma surfactants emaindasitiri. Sumo pfupi pamusoro pawo ndeiyi inotevera:
Nzira yekufashaira mafuta emakemikari uchishandisa surfactant semushonga mukuru inonzi surfactant flooding. Surfactants inonyanya kuita basa rekuvandudza kudzoreredzwa kwemafuta nekuderedza kumanikidzwa kwemafuta nemvura uye kuwedzera huwandu hwe capillaries. Sezvo pamusoro pejecha rekugadzira matombo pasingachaji zvakanaka, ma surfactants anoshandiswa anonyanya kuve ma anionic surfactants, uye mazhinji acho ma surfactants esulfonate. Inogadzirwa nekushandisa sulfonating agent (yakadai se sulfur trioxide) kugadzira sulfonate petroleum fractions ine aromatic hydrocarbon yakawanda, uye wozoibvisa ne alkali. Zvainoreva: chinhu chinoshanda 50%-80%, mineral oil 5%-30%, mvura 2%-20%, sodium sulfate 1%-6%. Petroleum sulfonate haidziviriri tembiricha, munyu, kana ma metal ions ane mutengo wakakwira. Synthetic sulfonates inogadzirwa kubva kuma hydrocarbons anoenderana uchishandisa nzira dzekugadzira dzinoenderana. Pakati pawo, α-olefin sulfonate inonyanya kudzivirira munyu uye high-valent metal ions. Zvimwe zvinoshandiswa pakubvisa mafuta mumafuta zvine anionic-nonionic uye carboxylate surfactants zvinogonawo kushandiswa pakubviswa kwemafuta. Kubviswa kwemafuta ane surfactant kunoda mhando mbiri dzekuwedzera: imwe i-co-surfactant, senge isobutanol, diethylene glycol butyl ether, urea, sulfolane, alkenylene benzene sulfonate, nezvimwewo, uye imwe i-dielectric, kusanganisira acid nealkali salts, kunyanya munyu, izvo zvinogona kuderedza hydrophilicity yesurfactant uye kuwedzera lipophilicity, uye zvakare kuchinja hydrophilic-lipophilic balance value ye active agent. Kuti kuderedza kurasikirwa kwesurfactant uye kuvandudza mhedzisiro yehupfumi, surfactant inofashamira inoshandisawo makemikari anonzi sacrificial agents. Zvinhu zvinogona kushandiswa se sacrificial agents zvinosanganisira alkaline substances uye polycarboxylic acids nemunyu wadzo. Oligomers nemapolymers zvinogonawo kushandiswa se sacrificial agents. Lignosulfonates uye shanduko dzadzo imushonga wezvibayiro.
Nzira yekubvisa mafuta uchishandisa zvinhu zviviri kana kupfuura zvinobvisa mafuta emakemikari inonzi main flooding composite. Iyi nzira yekubvisa mafuta ine chekuita nesurfactants inosanganisira: surfactant nepolymer thickened surfactant flooding; Alkali-enhanced surfactant flooding nealkali + surfactant kana surfactant-enhanced alkali flooding; element-based composite flooding nealkali + surfactant + polymer. Composite flooding inowanzova nezvinhu zvakawanda zvekupora kupfuura single drive. Zvichienderana neongororo yazvino yemafambiro ebudiriro munyika nekune dzimwe nyika, ternary compound flooding ine mabhenefiti akakwira kupfuura binary compound flooding. Ma surfactants anoshandiswa muma ternary composite flooding anonyanya kushandiswa petroleum sulfonates, anowanzo shandiswawo pamwe chete nesulfuric acid, phosphoric acid uye carboxylates ye polyoxyethylene alkyl alcohol ethers, uye polyoxyethylene alkyl alcohol alkyl sulfonate sodium salts. nezvimwewo kuti ivandudze salt tolerance yayo. Munguva pfupi yapfuura, munyika nekune dzimwe nyika, tsvakurudzo nekushandiswa kwezvinhu zvakaita se rhamnolipid, sophorolipid fermentation broth, nezvimwewo, pamwe chete ne natural mixed carboxylates uye papermaking by-product alkali lignin, nezvimwewo, zvakawana mhedzisiro yakanaka mukuyedzwa kwemumunda nemukati meimba. Mhedzisiro yakanaka yekubvisa mafuta.
Nguva yekutumira: Zvita-26-2023