The mechanism of crudemafuta demulsifiersyakavakirwa padanho rekuchinja-reverse deformation dzidziso. Mushure mekuwedzera demulsifier, chikamu inversion inoitika, ichigadzira ma surfactants anoburitsa yakatarisana emulsion mhando kune inoumbwa ne emulsifier (reverse demulsifier). Aya ma demulsifiers anodyidzana ne hydrophobic emulsifiers kuti aumbe macomplexes, nekudaro achibvisa emulsifying zvivakwa. Imwe nzira ndeye interfacial firimu kuputika kuburikidza nekudhumhana. Pakupisa kana kubvongodzwa, madhirifiri anowanzo dhumhana nefirimu remuface we emulsion — kungave kushambadza pairi kana kutamisa mamwe mamorekuru anobuda — izvo zvinokanganisa bhaisikopo, zvichikonzera kuyerera, kubatana, uye pakupedzisira demulsification.
Crude oiri emulsions inowanzoitika panguva yekugadzira oiri uye kunatswa. Mazhinji emafuta epasirese epasi anogadzirwa mune emulsified fomu. Emulsion inosanganisira zvinwiwa zviviri zvisingagoneki, apo imwe inoparadzirwa semadonhwe akanyanya kunaka (anenge 1 mm mudhayamita) akaturikwa mune imwe.
Kazhinji, imwe yezvinwiwa izvi imvura, uye imwe yacho mafuta. Mafuta anogona kuparadzirwa zvakanaka mumvura, achigadzira mafuta-mu-mvura (O/W) emulsion, apo mvura ndiyo inoenderera mberi uye mafuta ndiyo chikamu chakapararira. Sezvineiwo, kana mafuta ari chikamu chinoenderera uye mvura yakapararira, inoumba mvura-mu-mafuta (W / O) emulsion. Mazhinji emulsions emafuta asina kuchena ndeemhando yekupedzisira.
Mumakore achangopfuura, tsvakiridzo pamusoro peasina kuomeswa demulsification masisitimu yakatarisana nekutarisa kwakadzama kweiyo droplet coalescence uye kukanganisa kwe demulsifiers painterfacial rheology. Nekudaro, nekuda kwekuoma kwekudyidzana kwe demulsifier-emulsion, kunyangwe tsvakurudzo yakakura, hapasati pave nedzidziso yakabatana pane demulsification mechanism.
Nzira dzakawanda dzinogamuchirwa dzinosanganisira:
1.Molecule displacement: Demulsifier molecules inotsiva emulsifiers pane iyo interface, inokanganisa emulsion.
2.Wrinkle deformation: Zvidzidzo zveMicroscopic zvinoratidza W / O emulsions ine mazamu maviri kana akawanda emvura akaparadzaniswa nemhete dzemafuta. Pasi pekudziyisa, kubvongodza, uye demulsifier chiito, aya matunhu anobatana, achikonzera kubatana kwemadonhwe.
Pamusoro pezvo, tsvakiridzo yemumba paO/W emulsion masisitimu inoratidza kuti yakanakira demulsifier inofanira kusangana nezvinotevera: kuita kwakasimba kwepamusoro, kunyorova kwakanaka, kugona kuyerera kwakakwana, uye kushanda kwekubatana.
Demulsifiers inogona kukamurwa zvichienderana nemhando dzesurfactant:
•Anionic demulsifiers: Inosanganisira carboxylates, sulfonates, uye polyoxyethylene fatty sulfates. Izvo hazvinyanyi kushanda, zvinoda madosi makuru, uye zvinonzwa kune electrolytes.
•Cationic demulsifiers: Kunyanya quaternary ammonium munyu, inoshanda kumafuta akareruka asi isina kukodzera mafuta anorema kana achembera.
•Nonionic demulsifiers: Inosanganisira block polyethers inotangwa nemaamine kana madoro, alkylphenol resin block polyethers, phenol-amine resin block polyethers, silicone-based demulsifiers, Ultra-yakakwirira molecular uremu demulsifiers, polyphosphates, modified block polyethers, uye zwitterionic mafuta demuls demulsifiers).
Nguva yekutumira: Aug-22-2025