Kunyungudutsa matombo muore inzira yekugadzira zvinhu zvinogadzirwa kuti zvinyungudutswe nesimbi uye indasitiri yemakemikari, uye kunyungudutsa kwetsvina kwave nzira inonyanya kukosha yekuwedzera hunyoro. Zvicherwa zvese zvinogona kupatsanurwa uchishandisa kunyungudutsa.
Parizvino, flotation inoshandiswa zvakanyanya mukuvandudza simbi dzesimbi—kunyanya iron nemanganese—dzakadai sehematite, smithsonite, uye ilmenite; simbi dzinokosha dzakadai segoridhe nesirivha; simbi dzisina ferrous dzakadai semhangura, lead, zinc, cobalt, nickel, molybdenum, uye antimony, kusanganisira sulfide minerals dzakadai segalena, sphalerite, chalcopyrite, bornite, molybdenite, uye pentlandite, pamwe chete ne oxide minerals dzakadai semalachite, cerussite, hemimorphite, cassiterite, uye wolframite. Inoshandiswawo kune non-metallic salt minerals dzakadai se fluorite, apatite, uye barite, soluble salt minerals dzakadai se potash ne rock salt, uye non-metallic minerals uye silicate minerals dzakadai se coal, graphite, sulfur, diamonds, quartz, mica, feldspar, beryl, uye spodumene.
Flotation yakawana ruzivo rwakakura mubasa rekuvandudza hunyanzvi, nekufambira mberi kwetekinoroji kuri kuramba kuchiitika. Zvicherwa zvaimboonekwa sezvisina kukosha mumaindasitiri nekuda kwechimiro chazvo chakaderera kana chakaomarara zviri kuwanikwa (sezviwanikwa zvechipiri) kuburikidza ne flotation.
Sezvo zviwanikwa zvezvicherwa zvichiramba zvichiwedzera kusashanda zvakanaka, zvicherwa zvinobatsira zvichiparadzirwa zvakanaka uye zvakaoma mukati mematombo, kuoma kwekuparadzanisa kwawedzera. Kuti kuderedza mari yekugadzira, maindasitiri akadai sezvinhu zvesimbi nemakemikari akaisa mwero wepamusoro wemhando yepamusoro uye zvinodiwa zvekugadzirisa zvinhu zvakagadzirwa—ndiko kuti, zvigadzirwa zvakaparadzaniswa.
Kune rumwe rutivi, pane chikonzero chekuvandudza mhando, uye kune rumwe rutivi, dambudziko rekuparadzanisa zvicherwa zvakacheneswa rakaita kuti kuyerera kwemvura kuwedzere kupfuura dzimwe nzira, zvichiratidza kuti ndiyo nzira inonyanya kushandiswa uye inovimbisa yekuvandudza mvura nhasi. Pakutanga yaishandiswa pazvicherwa zvesulfide, kuyerera kwemvura kwakawedzera zvishoma nezvishoma kusvika pakubatanidza zvicherwa zveoxide nezvicherwa zvisiri zvesimbi. Nhasi, huwandu hwezvicherwa zvinogadziriswa nekufamba kwemvura pagore hunodarika mabhiriyoni akawanda ematani.
Mumakumi emakore achangopfuura, kushandiswa kwetekinoroji yekufambisa zvinhu pasi kwakapararira kupfuura mainjiniya ekugadzirisa zvicherwa kusvika kuminda yakaita sekuchengetedza nharaunda, kugadzira simbi, kugadzira mapepa, kurima, makemikari, chikafu, zvinhu, mishonga, uye biology.
Mienzaniso inosanganisira kudzoserwa kwezvinhu zvinokosha kubva muzvigadzirwa zvepakati mu pyrometallurgy, volatiles, uye slag; kudzoserwa kwe leaching residues uye displacement precipitates mu hydrometallurgy; kushandiswa kwe flotation muindasitiri yemakemikari kubvisa-inki bepa rakadzokororwa uye kudzoserwa fibers kubva mu pulp waste liquor; uye mashandisirwo akajairika ekugadzira zvakatipoteredza akadai sekubvisa mafuta akakora kubva munzizi, kuparadzanisa tsvina yakanaka kubva mumvura yakasviba, uye kubvisa colloids, mabhakitiriya, uye tsvina yesimbi.
Nekuvandudzika kwemaitiro ekugadzira zvinhu zvinofamba nepasi, pamwe nekubuda kwezvishandiso zvitsva uye zvinobudirira zvekugadzira zvinhu zvinofamba nepasi, kugadzira zvinhu zvinofamba nepasi kuchashandiswa zvakanyanya mumaindasitiri nemaindasitiri akawanda. Zvisinei, zvakakosha kuziva kuti kushandiswa kwekugadzira zvinhu zvinofamba nepasi kunosanganisira mitengo yakakwira yekugadzirisa (zvichienzaniswa nekupatsanurwa kwemagineti kana kwegiravhiti), zvinodiwa zvakanyanya zvehukuru hwezvimedu zvekudya, zvinhu zvakawanda zvinopesvedzera mukugadzira zvinhu zvinoda kunyatsoshanda, uye njodzi dzinogona kuitika nharaunda kubva mumvura yakasviba ine zvinhu zvinogara zvichishandiswa.
Nguva yekutumira: Mbudzi-14-2025