Surfactantszvinhu zvine chimiro chakasarudzika chemakemikari uye chinoshandiswa zvakanyanya muindasitiri yezvizoro. Zvinoshanda sezvishandiso zvekubatsira mukugadzira zvizorwa-kunyangwe zvichishandiswa zvishoma, zvine basa rakakura. Masurfactants anowanikwa muzvigadzirwa zvakawanda, zvinosanganisira kuchenesa kumeso, kunyorovesa lotions, ganda creams, shampoos, conditioners, uye mazino. Mabasa avo muzvizoro akasiyana, kunyanya kusanganisira emulsification, kuchenesa, kupupa furo, solubilization, antibacterial action, antistatic mhedzisiro, uye kupararira. Pazasi, tinodonongodza mabasa avo mana makuru:
(1) Emulsification
Chii chinonzi emulsification? Sezvatinoziva, makirimu uye mafuta ekuzora atinowanzo shandisa mukuchengetedza ganda ane ese ane mafuta zvikamu uye yakawanda yemvura - iwo musanganiswa wemafuta nemvura. Asi, nei tisingakwanisi kuona madonhwe emafuta kana mvura inoyerera neziso rakashama? Izvi zvinodaro nekuti ivo vanogadzira yakanyanya yunifomu yakaparadzirwa sisitimu: iwo ane mafuta zvikamu zvinogovaniswa semadonhwe madiki mumvura, kana mvura inoparadzirwa zvakaenzana semadonhwe madiki muoiri. Iyo yekutanga inonzi mafuta-mu-mvura (O / W) emulsion, nepo yekupedzisira iri mvura-mu-mafuta (W / O) emulsion. Zvizoro zvemhando iyi zvinozivikanwa se emulsion-based cosmetics, iyo inonyanya kuzivikanwa.
Mumamiriro ezvinhu akajairika, mafuta nemvura hazvigoneki. Kamwe chete kunyandura kunomira, ivo vanoparadzana muzvikamu, vachitadza kuumba yakagadzikana, yunifomu kupararira. Zvisinei, mumakirimu uye lotions (emulsion-based products), iyo ine mafuta uye ine aqueous zvikamu zvinogona kuumba yakanyatso kusanganiswa, yunifomu kupararira kuvonga nekuwedzera kwe surfactants. Chimiro chakasiyana-siyana cheva surfactants chinobvumira zvinhu izvi zvisingagoneki kuti zvibatane zvakafanana, zvichigadzira hurongwa hwekupararira hwakagadzikana-kureva, emulsion. Basa iri remasurfactants rinonzi emulsification, uye masurfactants anoita basa iri anonzi emulsifiers. Saka, ma surfactants aripo mumakirimu uye lotions atinoshandisa zuva nezuva.
(2) Kuchenesa uye Kupupa Furo
Mamwe ma surfactants anoratidza kucheneswa kwakanaka uye kupupa zvinhu. Sipo, muenzaniso unozivikanwa, rudzi runowanzoshandiswa rwesurfactant. Sipo dzekugezesa uye sipo dzemabhawa dzinotsamira pane zvadzo sipo (surfactants) kuti iwane kuchenesa uye kupupa mhedzisiro. Mimwe mishonga yekuchenesa kumeso inoshandisa sipo midziyo yekuchenesa. Zvisinei, sipo ine simba rakasimba rekuchenesa, iyo inogona kubvisa ganda remafuta ayo echisikigo uye inogona kunge ichitsamwisa zvishoma, zvichiita kuti isakodzere ganda rakaoma kana rakaoma.
Pamusoro pezvo, majiro ekugezesa, mashamposi, kugeza maoko, uye mushonga wemazino zvese zvinotsamira pane zvinogadzira pakuchenesa uye kuita furo.
(3) Solubilization
Masurfactants anogona kuwedzera kunyungudika kwezvinhu zvisinganyunguriki kana zvisinganyungudika mumvura, zvichivabvumira kunyungudika zvachose uye kugadzira mhinduro yakajeka. Basa iri rinonzi solubilization, uye ma surfactants anoriita anozivikanwa se solubilizers.
Semuyenzaniso, kana tichida kuwedzera chidimbu chine mafuta anonyorovesa kune yakajeka toner, oiri haizonyungudika mumvura asi inoyangarara semadonhwe madiki pamusoro. Nekushandisa solubilizing mhedzisiro yeva surfactants, tinogona kuisa mafuta mu toner, zvichikonzera kujeka, kujeka. Zvisinei, zvakakosha kuziva kuti huwandu hwemafuta hunogona kunyungudutswa kuburikidza ne-solubilization inogumira-yakakura yakawanda yakaoma kunyungudika zvizere mumvura. Naizvozvo, sezvo huwandu hweoiri hunowedzera, huwandu hweiyo surfactant hunofanirawo kusimuka kuti ive emulsify mafuta nemvura. Ichi ndicho chikonzero mamwe ma toner achiita seasina kuchena kana kuti machena emukaka: ane chikamu chepamusoro chemafuta anonyorovesa, ayo ma surfactants emulsify nemvura.
Nguva yekutumira: Nov-11-2025