Zvinoshandisa ma surfactantszvinhu zvine chimiro chemakemikari chakasiyana uye zvinoshandiswa zvakanyanya muindasitiri yezvizoro. Zvinobatsira mukugadzira zvizoro—kunyange zvichishandiswa zvishoma, zvine basa guru. Zvishandiso zvema surfactants zvinowanikwa muzvigadzirwa zvakawanda, zvinosanganisira zvinochenesa kumeso, mafuta anonyorovesa, mafuta eganda, mashampoo, ma conditioner, uye mushonga wemazino. Mabasa azvo muzvizoro akasiyana-siyana, anosanganisira emulsification, kuchenesa, kupupuma furo, kunyungudutsa, antibacterial action, antistatic effects, uye dispersion. Pazasi, tinotsanangura mabasa azvo mana makuru:
(1) Kubatanidza
Chii chinonzi emulsification? Sezvatinoziva, mafuta emulsification atinowanzo shandisa mukuchengetedza ganda ane zvinhu zvine mafuta uye mvura yakawanda—iwo musanganiswa wemafuta nemvura. Asi, sei tisingakwanise kuona madonhwe emafuta kana mvura inodonhera nemaziso? Izvi zvinodaro nekuti anoumba sisitimu yakapararira yakafanana: zvikamu zvine mafuta zvinogoverwa zvakaenzana semadonhwe madiki mumvura, kana mvura inoparadzirwa zvakaenzana semadonhwe madiki mumafuta. Yekutanga inonzi oil-in-water(O/W) emulsion, nepo yekupedzisira iri water-in-oil(W/O) emulsion. Zvizoro zverudzi urwu zvinozivikanwa se emulsion-based cosmetics, rudzi rwakajairika.
Mumamiriro ezvinhu akajairwa, mafuta nemvura hazvisanganisike. Kana zvamira kusanganiswa, zvinopatsanurwa kuita zvikamu, zvichitadza kugadzira kupararira kwakasimba, kwakafanana. Zvisinei, mumakirimu nemalotion (zvigadzirwa zve emulsion), zvinhu zvine mafuta nemvura zvinogona kugadzira kupararira kwakafanana, kwakabatana nekuda kwekuwedzera kwema surfactants. Maumbirwo akasiyana ema surfactants anobvumira zvinhu izvi zvisingasanganisike kusangana zvakaenzana, zvichigadzira system yekupararira kwakasimba—kureva, emulsion. Basa iri rema surfactants rinonzi emulsification, uye ma surfactants anoita basa iri anonzi emulsifiers. Saka, ma surfactants aripo muma kirimu nema lotions atinoshandisa zuva nezuva.
(2) Kuchenesa uye Kuburitsa Furo
Mamwe ma surfactants anoratidza hunhu hwakanaka hwekuchenesa uye kuburitsa furo. Sipo, muenzaniso unozivikanwa, imhando ye surfactant inoshandiswa zvakanyanya. Sipo dzekugezesa nesipo dzebhawa dzinoshandisa zvikamu zvesipo (surfactants) kuti dzigadzire mhedzisiro yekuchenesa uye furo. Mamwe ma surfactants ekuchenesa kumeso anoshandisawo zvikamu zvesipo pakuchenesa. Zvisinei, sipo ine simba guru rekuchenesa, iro rinogona kubvisa mafuta eganda uye rinogona kutsamwisa zvishoma, zvichiita kuti isakodzere ganda rakaoma kana rinonzwa kurwadza.
Uyezve, ma gels ekugezesa, shampoo, ma washing emaoko, uye toothpaste zvese zvinoshandisa surfactants pakuchenesa uye kuburitsa furo.
(3) Kunyungudika
Zvinonyungudutsa mumvura zvinogona kuwedzera kunyunguduka kwezvinhu zvisinganyunguduke kana kuti zvisinganyunguduke zvakanaka mumvura, zvichiita kuti zvinyunguduke zvachose uye zvigadzire mhinduro yakajeka. Basa iri rinonzi kunyungudutsa, uye zvinonyungudutsa mumvura zvinozivikanwa sezvinonyungudutsa.
Semuenzaniso, kana tichida kuwedzera chikamu chemafuta chinonyorovesa zvakanyanya ku toner yakajeka, mafuta acho haazonyunguduke mumvura asi anoyangarara semadonhwe madiki pamusoro. Nekushandisa simba rekunyungudutsa rema surfactants, tinogona kuisa mafuta mu toner, zvichiita kuti chitarisiko chakajeka uye chakajeka. Zvisinei, zvakakosha kuziva kuti huwandu hwemafuta hunogona kunyungudutswa kuburikidza nekunyungudutswa hushoma - huwandu hwakawanda hunonetsa kunyungudutswa zvizere mumvura. Naizvozvo, sezvo huwandu hwemafuta huchiwedzera, huwandu hwe surfactant hunofanirawo kukwira kuti mafuta nemvura zvinyunguduke. Ndokusaka mamwe ma toner achitaridzika seasina kujeka kana kuti machena semukaka: ane huwandu hwakawanda hwemafuta anonyorovesa, ayo ma surfactants anonyungudutswa nemvura.
Nguva yekutumira: Mbudzi-11-2025