Kukura kuri kuita ma surfactants pasi rose kunoita kuti pave nenzvimbo yakanaka yekuvandudza nekuwedzera indasitiri yezvizoro, izvo zvinoita kuti pave nezvinodiwa zvakawanda pakugadzirwa kwechigadzirwa, mhando dzakasiyana-siyana, mashandiro, uye tekinoroji. Nokudaro, zvakakosha kugadzira ma surfactants akachengeteka, akapfava, anogona kuora nyore, uye ane mabasa akakosha, nokudaro achiisa hwaro hwedzidziso yekugadzira nekushandisa zvigadzirwa zvitsva. Chinhu chikuru chinofanira kupihwa pakugadzira ma surfactants akavakirwa pa glycoside, pamwe nekusiyanisa ma surfactants emhando ye polyol nealcohol; kuita tsvakiridzo yakarongeka pamusoro pema surfactants anobva ku soya phospholipid; kugadzira mhando dzakasiyana dze sucrose fatty acid ester; kusimbisa zvidzidzo pahunyanzvi hwekugadzira zvinhu; uye kuwedzera huwandu hwekushandiswa kwezvigadzirwa zviripo.
Chiitiko chekuti zvinhu zvisinganyunguduke mumvura zvinosanganiswa zvakaenzana mumvura kuti zvigadzire emulsion chinonzi emulsification. Muzvizoro, emulsifiers zvinonyanya kushandiswa mukugadzira makirimu nema lotion. Mhando dzakajairika dzakadai se powdery vanishing cream uye "Zhongxing" vanishing cream ese ari maviri O/W (oil-in-water) emulsification, ayo anogona kuiswa emulsifier uchishandisa anionic emulsifiers senge fatty acid sipo. Emulsification nesipo inoita kuti zvive nyore kuwana emulsifiers ine mafuta mashoma, uye gelling effect yesipo inovapa viscosity yakakwira. Kune makirimu anotonhora ane chikamu chikuru chemafuta, emulsifications inonyanya kuve yeW/O (water-in-oil), iyo natural lanolin—ine simba rayo rakasimba rekunwisa mvura uye viscosity yakakwira—inogona kusarudzwa se emulsifier. Parizvino, nonionic emulsifiers ndiwo anonyanya kushandiswa, nekuda kwekuchengetedzeka kwawo uye kusatsamwisa kwakaderera.
Chiitiko chekuti kunyungudika kwezvinhu zvinonyungudika zvishoma kana zvisinganyungudike kunowedzera chinonzi kunyungudika. Kana masurfactants akawedzerwa mumvura, kushushikana kwemvura kunotanga kuderera zvakanyanya, mushure mezvo mamorekuru esurfactant anozivikanwa semicelles anotanga kuumbwa. Kuwanda kwesurfactant uko micelle inogadzira kunonzi critical micelle concentration (CMC). Kana huwandu hwesurfactant hwasvika paCMC, mamicelles anogona kubata mafuta kana zvidimbu zvakasimba kumagumo ehydrophobic emamorekuru avo, nokudaro zvichiwedzera kunyungudika kwezvinhu zvisinganyungudike kana zvisinganyungudike.
Muzvizoro, zvinonyungudutsa zvinoshandiswa zvakanyanya mukugadzira matoners, mafuta ebvudzi, uye kugadzira kukura kwebvudzi uye kugadzirisa mamiriro ebvudzi. Nekuti zvinhu zvinonhuhwirira zvine mafuta—zvakaita sekunhuhwirira, mafuta, uye mavhitamini anonyunguduka mumafuta—zvakasiyana muchimiro uye polarity, nzira dzazvo dzekunyungudutsa dzinosiyanawo; saka, masurfactants akakodzera anofanira kusarudzwa seanonyungudutsa. Semuenzaniso, sezvo matoners achinyungudutsa kunhuhwirira, mafuta, nemishonga, alkyl polyoxyethylene ethers anogona kushandiswa pachinangwa ichi. Kunyangwe alkylphenol polyoxyethylene ethers (OP-type, TX-type) aine simba rakasimba rekunyungudutsa, anogumbura maziso saka anowanzo dzivirirwa. Uyezve, amphoteric derivatives yakavakirwa pamafuta e castor inoratidza kunyunguduka kwakanaka kwemafuta ekunhuhwirira nemafuta emuriwo, uye sezvo isingatsamwisi maziso, yakakodzera kugadzira shampoos dzakapfava nezvimwe zvizoro.
Nguva yekutumira: Zvita-05-2025