Indasitiri yezvigadzirwa zvemumba nepamunhu inogadzirisa nyaya dzakasiyana-siyana dzinokanganisa kuchengetwa kwemunhu uye mishonga yekuchenesa imba.
Musangano weWorld Surfactant wegore ra2023 wakarongwa neCESIO, European Committee for Organic Surfactants and Intermediates, wakakwezva vakuru vakuru mazana matatu nemakumi mashanu kubva kumakambani ekugadzira zvinhu akadai seProcter & Gamble, Unilever naHenkel. Kwaivewo nemakambani anomiririra kubva kumativi ese ekutengesa zvinhu.
Mutambo weCESIO 2023 uchaitirwa muRome kubva musi wa5 kusvika 7 Chikumi.
Sachigaro wemusangano Tony Gough weInnospec akagamuchira vanhu vakapinda; asi panguva imwe chete, akataura nyaya dzakawanda dzichanetsa indasitiri ye surfactants mumavhiki, mwedzi nemakore anotevera. Akataura kuti denda idzva rekorona rakaratidza miganhu yehutano hwepasi rose; kukura kwevanhu pasi rose kuchaita kuti kuzvipira kweUN pamamiriro ekunze epasi rose e -1.5°C kuve kwakaoma; Hondo yeRussia muUkraine iri kukanganisa mitengo; muna 2022, makemikari eEU anotengesa zvinhu kunze kwenyika akatanga kudarika zvinhu zvinotengeswa kunze kwenyika.
"Europe iri panguva yakaoma kukwikwidzana neUnited States neChina," Gough akabvuma.
Panguva imwe chete, vatongi vari kuwedzera kudiwa kweindasitiri yekuchenesa nevatengesi vayo, avo vanga vachisiya zvekudya zvechinyakare.
"Tingashandisa sei zvinhu zvakasvibira?" akabvunza vateereri.
Mibvunzo nemhinduro zvakawanda zvakamutswa panguva yechiitiko chemazuva matatu, nemashoko ekugamuchira kubva kuna Raffael Tardi weItalian Association for Fine and Specialty Chemicals AISPEC-Federchimica. "Indasitiri yemakemikari ndiyo iri pakati peEuropean Green Deal. Indasitiri yedu inonyanya kukanganiswa nezvirongwa zvemutemo," akadaro kune vakapinda. "Kushandira pamwe ndiyo chete nzira yekuwana budiriro pasina kukanganisa hupenyu hwemunhu."
Akati Roma guta guru retsika uye guta guru rezvinhu zvinogadzira zvinhu zvinonyungudutsa; achiti kemikari ndiyo musimboti weindasitiri yeItaly. Saka, AISPEC-Federchimica inoshanda kuvandudza ruzivo rwevadzidzi nezvekemikari uku ichitsanangura kuti sei kuchenesa kuri mhinduro yakanakisisa yekuvandudza hutano hwevatengi.
Mitemo inorema yaive nyaya yekukurukurirana mumisangano nemakamuri ebhodhi mukati mechiitiko chemazuva matatu. Zvaisava pachena kana mashoko aya akasvika munzeve dzevamiriri veEU REACH. Asi chokwadi ndechekuti Giuseppe Casella, mukuru wedhipatimendi reREACH reEuropean Commission, akasarudza kutaura achishandisa vhidhiyo. Hurukuro yaCasella yakatarisana nekuvandudzwa kweREACH, kwaakatsanangura kuti kune zvinangwa zvitatu:
Kuvandudza kuchengetedzwa kwehutano hwevanhu nezvakatipoteredza kuburikidza neruzivo rwakakwana rwemakemikari uye matanho akakodzera ekugadzirisa njodzi;
Kuvandudza mashandiro uye makwikwi emusika wemukati nekuvandudza mitemo nemaitiro aripo kuti kuwedzere kushanda zvakanaka; uyeKuvandudza kutevedzera zvinodiwa neREACH.
Kugadziriswa kwekunyoresa kunosanganisira ruzivo rutsva rwengozi runodiwa mufaira rekunyoresa, kusanganisira ruzivo runodiwa kuona zvinokonzera endocrine. Ruzivo rwakadzama uye/kana rumwe ruzivo nezvekushandiswa kwemakemikari uye kusangana nawo. Zviziviso zvePolymer uye Kunyoresa. Pakupedzisira, zvinhu zvitsva zvekuparadzanisa musanganiswa zvakabuda muongororo dzekuchengetedza makemikari dzinofunga nezvemhedzisiro yakabatana yemakemikari.
Mamwe matanho anosanganisira kurerutsa hurongwa hwekubvumidza, kuwedzera nzira yekutarisira njodzi kune mamwe mapoka enjodzi nemamwe mashandisirwo akakosha, uye kuunza pfungwa yekushandisa yakakosha yakanangana nekukurumidzisa kuita sarudzo mumamiriro ezvinhu akajeka.
Kugadziriswa uku kuchaunzawo kugona kwekuongorora kweEurope kutsigira mapurisa uye kurwisa kutengeswa kwepamhepo zvisiri pamutemo. Kugadziriswa uku kuchavandudza kushandira pamwe nemasangano emitero kuona kuti zvinhu zvinopinzwa munyika zvinotevedzera REACH. Chekupedzisira, avo vane mafaira ekunyoresa asingatevedzere mitemo vachadzimwa nhamba dzavo dzekunyoresa.
Matanho aya achatanga kushanda riini? Casella akati chikumbiro chekomiti chichagamuchirwa panosvika chikamu chechina chegore ra2023. Maitiro emutemo nemakomiti zvichaitwa muna 2024 na2025.
"REACH yaive dambudziko muna 2001 na2003, asi shanduko idzi dzakatonyanya kuoma!" akadaro Alex Föller, mutungamiriri wemusangano wekuTegewa.
Vazhinji vangafunga kuti vamiriri veparamende veEU vane mhosva yekubata REACH zvakanyanya, asi vatambi vakuru vatatu muindasitiri yekuchenesa pasi rose vane zvirongwa zvavo zvekuchengetedza nharaunda, izvo zvakakurukurwa zvakadzama pamusangano wekutanga weCongress. Phil Vinson weProcter & Gamble akatanga hurukuro yake nekurumbidza nyika yezvigadzirwa zve surfactants.
"Zvinhu zvinofungidzirwa kuti zvakaita basa guru mukukura kwehupenyu kubva pakuumbwa kweRNA," akadaro. "Izvozvo zvingasava zvechokwadi, asi chinhu chakakodzera kufunga nezvacho."
Chokwadi ndechekuti bhodhoro resipo re litre imwe chete rine magiramu mazana maviri nemakumi mashanu esurfactant. Dai ma micelles ese akaiswa pacheni, zvaizotora nguva yakareba kuti afambe achidzoka nekudzoka pasi pezuva.
"Ndave ndichidzidza nezvema surfactants kwemakore makumi matatu nemasere. Funga nezvekuti anochengetedza sei simba panguva yekuchekwa," anodaro achifara. "Ma vesoles, ma compressed vesicles, discoidal twins, bicontinuous microemulsions. Ndiwo musimboti wezvatinogadzira. Zvinoshamisa!"
Kunyange hazvo makemikari akaomarara, ndizvo zvakaitawo nyaya dzine chekuita nezvinhu zvakagadzirwa uye maumbirwo acho. Vinson akati P&G yakazvipira mukusimudzira nharaunda, asi kwete nekuda kwekushanda zvakanaka. Kugara kwenguva refu kunofanirwa kudzika midzi mune sainzi yakanakisisa uye kutsvaga zvinhu zvine mutoro, akadaro. Achitendeukira kune vatengi vekupedzisira, akataura kuti muongororo yakaitwa neProcter & Gamble, zvitatu zvezvinhu zvishanu zvepamusoro zvaityisidzirwa nevatengi zvaive zvine chekuita nenyaya dzezvakatipoteredza.
Nguva yekutumira: Chikumi-03-2019