Habka cayriinsaliid-dileyaalwaxay ku salaysan tahay aragtida isbeddelka marxaladda ee rogrogmada-rogidda. Ka dib marka lagu daro demulsifier-ka, leexashada wejiga ayaa dhacda, taasoo soo saarta surfactants-ka soo saara nooca emulsion-ka ee ka soo horjeeda kan uu sameeyay emulsifier-ka (demulsifier-ka rogidda). Demulsifiers-yadan waxay la falgalaan emulsifiers-ka hydrophobic-ka si ay u sameeyaan isku-dhafan, taasoo dhexdhexaadinaysa sifooyinka emulsifying-ka. Hab kale waa dillaaca filimka wejiga iyada oo loo marayo isku dhaca. Marka la kululeeyo ama la kiciyo, demulsifiers-ku waxay si joogto ah ula kulmaan filimka wejiga ee emulsion-ka - midkoodna ku nuugaya ama ka saaraya molecules-ka surfactant-ka qaarkood - taas oo khalkhal gelisa filimka, taasoo horseedda flocculation, isku-darka, iyo ugu dambayntii demulsification.
Emulsions-ka saliidda cayriin waxay badanaa dhacaan inta lagu jiro soo saarista iyo sifeynta saliidda. Inta badan saliidda cayriin ee adduunka waxaa lagu soo saaraa qaab emulsified ah. Emulsion-ku wuxuu ka kooban yahay ugu yaraan laba dareere oo aan la misixin karin, halkaas oo mid uu ku kala firdho dhibco aad u khafiif ah (qiyaastii 1 mm dhexroor) oo ku dheggan kan kale.
Caadi ahaan, mid ka mid ah dareerayaashan waa biyo, kan kalena waa saliid. Saliidda si fiican ayaa loogu kala firdhin karaa biyaha, iyadoo la samaynayo emulsion saliid-ku-jirta biyaha (O/W), halkaas oo biyuhu yihiin marxaladda joogtada ah, saliidduna ay tahay marxaladda kala firdhisan. Taas beddelkeeda, haddii saliiddu tahay marxaladda joogtada ah oo biyuhu kala firdhiyaan, waxay samaysaa emulsion biyo-ku-jirta (W/O). Inta badan emulsions-ka saliidda cayriin waxay ka tirsan yihiin nooca dambe.
Sannadihii ugu dambeeyay, cilmi-baaris ku saabsan hababka nadiifinta saliidda cayriin ayaa diiradda saartay indha-indheynta faahfaahsan ee isku-darka dhibcaha iyo saameynta demulsifiers-ka ee ku aaddan rheology-ga is-dhexgalka wajiga. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, sababtoo ah kakanaanta isdhexgalka demulsifier-emulsion, inkastoo cilmi-baaris ballaaran, weli ma jirto aragti mideysan oo ku saabsan habka nadiifinta.
Dhowr hab oo si ballaaran loo aqbalay waxaa ka mid ah:
1. Barakaca molecule-ka: Molecules-ka demulsifier-ka ayaa beddela emulsifiers-ka marka la eego is-dhexgalka, taasoo khalkhal gelinaysa emulsion-ka.
2. Isbeddelka duuduubka: Daraasadaha mikroskoobka ayaa muujinaya in emulsions-ka W/O ay leeyihiin lakab biyo ah oo labanlaab ah ama dhowr ah oo ay kala soocaan giraangiraha saliidda. Marka la kululeeyo, kacsanaanta, iyo ficilka baabi'inta, lakabyadani way isku xiran yihiin, taasoo keenta isku-darka dhibcaha.
Intaa waxaa dheer, cilmi-baarista gudaha ee nidaamyada emulsion-ka O/W waxay soo jeedinaysaa in nadiifiyaha ugu habboon uu buuxiyo shuruudahan soo socda: firfircoonida dusha sare ee xooggan, qoyaan wanaagsan, awood ku filan oo isku-dhafan, iyo waxqabadka isku-dhafka wax ku oolka ah.
Demulsifiers waxaa loo kala saari karaa iyadoo lagu saleynayo noocyada surfactant-ka:
•Waxyaabaha aan lahayn walxaha aan lahayn walxaha aan lahayn walxaha: Waxaa ku jira karboksilates, sulfonates, iyo polyoxyethylene fatty sulfates. Waxtarkoodu ma yara, waxay u baahan yihiin qiyaaso badan, waxayna u nugul yihiin elektrolytyada.
•Cationic demulsifiers: Inta badan waa cusbo ammonium ah oo quaternary ah, oo waxtar u leh saliidda fudud laakiin aan ku habboonayn saliidda culus ama duugowday.
•Nonionic demulsifiers: Waxaa ku jira polyether-yada baloogga ah ee ay bilaabeen amines ama alkohols, polyethers-ka alkylphenol resin block, polyethers-ka phenol-amine resin block, demulsifiers-ka ku salaysan silicone, demulsifiers-ka miisaanka molecular-ka ee aadka u sarreeya, polyphosphates, polyethers-ka baloogga ee wax laga beddelay, iyo demulsifiers-ka zwitterionic (tusaale ahaan, demulsifiers-ka saliidda cayriin ee ku salaysan imidazoline).
Waqtiga boostada: Agoosto-22-2025