Aaminyada dufanka leh waxay tixraacaan qayb ballaadhan oo ah xeryahooda aminiga organic leh dhererka silsiladda kaarboon ee u dhexeeya C8 ilaa C22. Sida aminyada guud, waxaa loo kala saaraa afar nooc oo waaweyn: aminada aasaasiga ah, aminyada sare, aminyada sare, iyo polyamines. Farqiga u dhexeeya aminada aasaasiga ah, sare, iyo sare waxay kuxirantahay tirada atamka hydrogen ee ku jira ammonia kuwaas oo ay bedelaan kooxaha alkyl.
Amiinada dufanka leh ayaa ah asalaha organic ee ammonia. Amines dufan leh oo silsilad gaaban ah (C8-10) waxay soo bandhigaan milmooyin gaar ah oo biyaha ah, halka aminyada silsiladda dheer ee dufanka leh ay guud ahaan aan lagu milmi karin biyaha waxayna u jiraan dareere ama adkaha heerkulka qolka. Waxay leeyihiin sifooyin aasaasi ah iyo, sida saldhigyada organic, waxay ka xanaajin karaan oo burburin karaan maqaarka iyo xuubka xuubka.
Asal ahaan waxaa la soo saaray iyada oo loo marayo falcelinta alkolada dufanka leh ee dimethylamine si ay u soo saarto monoalkyldimethyl amines jaamacadeed, falcelinta alkolada dufanka leh ee monomethylamine si ay u sameeyaan dialkylmethyl amines jaamacadeed, iyo falcelinta khamriga dufanka leh ee ammonia si ay u abuuraan amines jaamacadeed trialkyl.
Nidaamku wuxuu ku bilaabmaa falcelinta asiidhyada dufanka leh iyo ammonia si ay u soo saaraan nitriles dufan leh, kuwaas oo ka dibna hydrogenated si ay u soo saaraan aminyada dufanka hoose ama sare. Aaminadan hoose ama sare waxay maraan hydrogendimethylation si ay u sameeyaan aminiin jaamacadeed. Amines aasaasiga ah, ka dib cyanoethylation iyo hydrogenation, waxaa loo rogi karaa diamines. Diamines waxay sii mareen cyanoethylation iyo hydrogenation si ay u soo saaraan triamines, kuwaas oo markaa loo bedeli karo tetramines iyada oo loo marayo cyanoethylation dheeraad ah iyo hydrogenation.
Codsiyada Fatty Amines
Amines aasaasiga ah waxaa loo isticmaalaa sida inhibitors daxalka, saliidaha, wakiilada sii daayo caaryada, daro saliidda, daro processing midabka, dhumuc weyn, wakiilada qoynta, bacriminta boodhka suppressants, lagu daro saliidda engine, bacriminta wakiilada-caking, wakiilada wasakhda, wakiilada sabbooyin, marsho, wakiilada wax hydrophobic, daro waterproofing.
Aminiinta aasaasiga ah ee karbon-sare ee buuxa, sida octadecylamine, waxay u adeegaan sidii walxaha sii daaya caagagga adag iyo xumbo polyurethane. Dodecylamine waxaa loo shaqeeyaa dib-u-soo-nooleynta caagga dabiiciga ah iyo kuwa synthetic, sida surfactant ee xalalka tin-plating kiimikaad, iyo in aminement yaraynta isomaltose si ay u soo saaraan derivatives malt. Oleylamine waxaa loo isticmaalaa sidii wax lagu daro shidaalka naaftada.
Soo saarida cationic Surfactants
Amines aasaasiga ah iyo milixdoodu waxay u shaqeeyaan sida wakiilada sabbeynta macdanta waxtarka leh, wakiilada anti-caking ee bacriminta ama walxaha qarxa, wakiilada biyaha ilaalinta waraaqaha, daxalka inhibitors, daroogooyinka saliidaha, biocides ee warshadaha batroolka, wax lagu daro shidaalka iyo shidaalka, wakiilada nadiifinta elektiroonigga ah, emulsifiers, iyo wax soo saarka ee wax soo saarka dhoobada. Waxa kale oo loo isticmaalaa daaweynta biyaha iyo sida walxaha wax-ku-samaynta. Amines aasaasiga ah waxaa loo shaqaaleysiin karaa si loo soo saaro emulsifiers nooca milixda ah ee ammonium quaternary, kuwaas oo si weyn loogu isticmaalo dhismaha iyo dayactirka waddooyinka heerkoodu sareeyo, yaraynta xoogga shaqada iyo kordhinta cimriga laamiga.
Soo saarista Nonionic Surfactants
Xirmooyinka aminada aasaasiga ah ee dufanka leh ee leh ethylene oxide ayaa ugu horrayn loo adeegsadaa sida walxaha lidka ku ah warshadaha balaastigga. Amines Ethoxylated, oo aan lagu milmi karin balaastikada, waxay u guuraan dusha sare, halkaas oo ay nuugaan qoyaanka atmospheric, taas oo ka dhigaysa dusha caagga ah antistatic.
Soo saarista Amphoteric Surfactants
Dodecylamine waxay la falgashaa methyl acrylate waxayna martaa saponification iyo dhexdhexaadin si ay u dhaliso N-dodecyl-β-alanine. Surfactants-yadan waxaa lagu gartaa xalal aqueous ah oo iftiin leh ama midab la'aan ah, milmayn sare ee biyaha ama ethanol, biodegradability, dulqaadka biyaha adag, cuncunka maqaarka ugu yar, iyo sunta hoose. Codsiyada waxaa ka mid ah wakiilada xumbo-sameeyaha, emulsifiers, ka-hortagga daxalka, saabuunta dareeraha ah, shaambada, qaboojiyaha timaha, jilciya, iyo wakiilada antistatic.
Waqtiga boostada: Nov-20-2025