Waa maxay sabeynta?

Sabaynta, oo sidoo kale loo yaqaan sabaynta xumbo ama sabbaynta macdanta, waa farsamo faa'iido-u-helid ah oo kala sooca macdanta qiimaha leh iyo macdanta gangue ee isku-xirka gaaska-dareere-adag iyadoo la adeegsanayo kala duwanaanshaha sifooyinka dusha sare ee macdanta kala duwan ee ku jirta macdanta. Waxaa sidoo kale loogu yeeraa "kala-soocidda wejiga." Habab kasta oo si toos ah ama si dadban u isticmaala sifooyinka wejiga si loo gaaro kala-soocidda walxaha iyadoo lagu salaynayo kala duwanaanshaha astaamaha dusha sare ee walxaha macdanta waxaa loo yaqaan sabbaynta.

Sifooyinka dusha sare ee macdanta waxay tilmaamayaan astaamaha jireed iyo kiimikada ee walxaha macdanta, sida qoyaanka dusha sare, dallacaadda dusha sare, noocyada isku-xidhka kiimikada, dheregsanaanta, iyo fal-celinta atamka dusha sare. Qaybaha macdanta ee kala duwan waxay muujiyaan kala duwanaansho gaar ah oo ku saabsan sifooyinkooda dusha sare. Iyadoo la adeegsanayo kala duwanaanshahan iyo isticmaalka isdhexgalka wejiga, kala-soocidda iyo kobcinta macdanta ayaa la gaari karaa. Sidaa darteed, habka sabbeynta waxay ku lug leedahay isku-xirka saddex-waji ee gaaska-dareere-adag.

Sifooyinka dusha sare ee macdanta waxaa si macmal ah wax looga beddeli karaa si loo xoojiyo kala duwanaanshaha u dhexeeya walxaha macdanta qiimaha leh iyo kuwa gangue, taasoo sahlaysa kala-soociddooda. Marka la sabbaynayo, walxaha reagents-ka waxaa badanaa loo isticmaalaa in lagu beddelo sifooyinka dusha sare ee macdanta, iyadoo la xoojinayo kala duwanaanshaha astaamaha dusha sare iyo hagaajinta ama xakamaynta hydrophobic-kooda. Wax-ka-beddelkan wuxuu nidaamiyaa dhaqanka sabbaynta ee macdanta si loo gaaro natiijooyin kala-soocid oo wanaagsan. Sidaas darteed, codsiga iyo horumarinta tignoolajiyada sabbaynta waxay si dhow ugu xiran yihiin horumarinta walxaha sabbaynaya.

Si ka duwan cufnaanta ama u nuglaanshaha birlabta - sifooyinka macdanta ee aadka u adag in la beddelo - sifooyinka dusha sare ee walxaha macdanta guud ahaan si macmal ah ayaa loo hagaajin karaa si loo abuuro kala duwanaanshaha lagama maarmaanka u ah kala-soocidda wax ku oolka ah. Natiijo ahaan, sabeynta ayaa si ballaaran loogu adeegsadaa macdanta faa'iidada badan waxaana badanaa loo arkaa hab faa'iido guud ah. Si gaar ah ayay waxtar u leedahay oo si ballaaran ayaa loogu isticmaalaa kala-soocidda walxaha fiican iyo kuwa aadka u fiican.