Waa maxay sabayn?

Sabaynta, oo sidoo kale loo yaqaan sabbeynta maraqa ama sabbeynta macdanta, waa farsamo faa'iido leh oo ka soocaya macdanta qiimaha leh iyo macdanta gangue ee gaaska-dareere-adag ee interface-ka iyada oo ka faa'iideysanaysa kala duwanaanshaha sifooyinka dusha sare ee macdanta kala duwan ee macdanta. Waxa kale oo loo tixraacaa sida "kala-soocidda wejiga." Nidaam kasta oo si toos ah ama si dadban u isticmaala guryaha isdhexgalka si loo gaaro kala-soocidda walxaha ku salaysan kala duwanaanshaha sifooyinka dusha sare ee qaybaha macdanta waxaa loo yaqaan sabbeynta.

Tilmaamaha dusha sare ee macdanta waxay tixraacaan sifooyinka jirka iyo kiimikaad ee qaybaha macdanta, sida qoynta dusha sare, kharashka dusha sare, noocyada curaarta kiimikada, saturation, iyo falcelinta atamka dusha sare. Qaybaha kala duwan ee macdanta ayaa muujinaya kala duwanaansho gaar ah oo ku saabsan hantidooda dusha sare. Ka faa'iidaysiga kala duwanaanshahaas oo laga faa'iidaysto isdhexgalka wejiga, kala saarista macdanta iyo kobcinta ayaa lagu gaari karaa. Sidaa darteed, habka sabbeynta waxay ku lug leedahay gaaska-dareere-adag ee interface saddex-waji ah.

Qalabka dusha sare ee macdanta ayaa si macmal ah loo beddeli karaa si kor loogu qaado kala duwanaanshaha u dhexeeya qaybaha macdanta ee qiimaha leh iyo gangue, taas oo fududaynaysa kala soocitaankooda. Sabbaynta, reagents caadi ahaan waxaa loo isticmaalaa in lagu beddelo sifooyinka dusha sare ee macdanta, kordhinta faraqa u dhexeeya dabeecadahooda dusha iyo hagaajinta ama xakamaynta hydrophobicity. Wax-is-daba-marintani waxay nidaamisaa hab-dhaqanka sabbeynta macdanta si loo gaaro natiijooyin kala-goyn wanaagsan. Sidaa darteed, codsiga iyo horumarinta tignoolajiyada sabbeynta waxay si dhow ugu xidhan yihiin horumarinta reagents sabbaynaya.

Si ka duwan cufnaanta ama u nuglaanshaha magnetic - guryaha macdanta oo aad u adag in la beddelo - sifooyinka dusha sare ee qaybaha macdanta guud ahaan waxaa lagu hagaajin karaa si macmal ah si loo abuuro kala duwanaanshaha lagama maarmaanka ah ee ka dhexeeya macdanta si loo kala saaro waxtarka leh. Natiijo ahaan, sabaynta ayaa si weyn loogu dabaqaa ka faa'iidaysiga macdanta waxaana inta badan loo arkaa habka faa'iidada caalamiga ah. Waxay si gaar ah waxtar u leedahay oo si ballaaran loo isticmaalaa kala-soocidda alaabta ganaax iyo ultra-fiican.