Li-biosurfactants ke li-metabolite tse patiloeng ke likokoana-hloko nakong ea ts'ebetso ea tsona ea metabolic tlasa maemo a itseng a temo. Ha ho bapisoa le li-surfactants tse entsoeng ka lik'hemik'hale, li-biosurfactants li na le litšoaneleho tse ngata tse ikhethang, joalo ka mefuta-futa ea sebopeho, biodegradability, ts'ebetso e pharalletseng ea baeloji le botsoalle ba tikoloho. Ka lebaka la lintlha tse kang ho fumaneha ha thepa e tala, litšenyehelo, le mefokolo ea ts'ebetso ea li-surfactants tsa maiketsetso-hammoho le tšekamelo ea bona ea ho baka tšilafalo e matla ea tikoloho le ho beha likotsi bophelong ba batho nakong ea tlhahiso le tšebeliso-lipatlisiso mabapi le li-biosurfactants li eketsehile haholo lilemong tse mashome a mabeli tse fetileng ha tlhokomeliso ea tikoloho le bophelo bo botle e ntse e eketseha. Tšimo e tsoetse pele ka potlako, ka litokelo tse ngata tsa litokelo tsa molao tse kentsoeng machabeng bakeng sa li-biosurfactants tse fapaneng le lits'ebetso tsa tsona tsa tlhahiso. Naheng ea China, lipatlisiso li shebane haholo le ts'ebeliso ea li-biosurfactants ho ntlafatso ea oli le bioremediation.
1.Mefuta ea Li-Biosurfactants le Mefuta e Hlahisang
1.1 Mefuta ea Li-Biosurfactants
Li-surfactants tse entsoeng ka lik'hemik'hale hangata li hlophisoa ho latela lihlopha tsa tsona tsa polar, athe li-biosurfactants li arotsoe ho ea ka thepa ea tsona ea lik'hemik'hale le likokoana-hloko tse hlahisang. Ka kakaretso li arotsoe ka mefuta e mehlano: glycolipids, phospholipids le mafura acid, lipopeptides le lipoprotein, polymeric surfactants, le surfactants khethehileng.
1.2 Ho Hlahisa Mefuta ea Li-Biosurfactants
Li-biosurfactants tse ngata ke metabolites ea libaktheria, tomoso le li-fungus. Mefuta ena e hlahisang e hloekisoa haholo matšeng a silafalitsoeng ke oli, mobu kapa tikoloho ea leoatle.
2.Tlhahiso ea Li-Biosurfactants
Hajoale, li-biosurfactants li ka hlahisoa ka mekhoa e 'meli ea mantlha: ho belisoa ha likokoana-hloko le synthesis ea enzymatic.
Ha ho belisoa, mofuta le tlhahiso ea li-biosurfactants li itšetlehile haholo ka mofuta oa likokoana-hloko, boemo ba eona ba khōlo, mofuta oa carbon substrate, likhahla tsa N, P, le li-ion tsa tšepe (tse kang Mg²⁺ le Fe²⁺) sebakeng sa setso, hammoho le maemo a ho lema (pH, mocheso, joalo-joalo). Melemo ea ho belisoa e kenyelletsa litšenyehelo tse tlase tsa tlhahiso, mefuta-futa ea lihlahisoa, le mekhoa e bonolo, e etsang hore e tšoanelehe bakeng sa tlhahiso e kholo ea indasteri. Leha ho le joalo, litšenyehelo tsa karohano le tlhoekiso li ka ba holimo.
Ka lehlakoreng le leng, li-surfactants tse entsoeng ka enzymatic hangata li na le libopeho tse bonolo tsa limolek'hule empa li bonts'a ts'ebetso e ntle ka ho lekana. Melemo ea mokhoa oa enzymatic e kenyelletsa litšenyehelo tse tlase tsa ho ntšoa, boiketlo ba phetoho ea sebopeho, tlhoekiso e otlolohileng, le ho sebelisoa hape ha li-enzyme tse sa sebetseng. Ho feta moo, li-surfactants tse entsoeng ka enzymatic li ka sebelisoa ho hlahisa lihlahisoa tsa boleng bo holimo, joalo ka metsoako ea meriana. Leha litšenyehelo tsa enzyme hajoale li phahame, tsoelo-pele ea boenjiniere ba liphatsa tsa lefutso ho matlafatsa botsitso le ts'ebetso ea enzyme e lebelletsoe ho fokotsa litšenyehelo tsa tlhahiso.
Nako ea poso: Sep-04-2025