Ho nosetsa tšepe ke mokhoa oa tlhahiso o lokisang thepa e tala bakeng sa ho qhibilihisa tšepe le indasteri ea lik'hemik'hale, 'me ho qhibilihisa lerōle e se e le mokhoa oa bohlokoa ka ho fetisisa oa ho nosetsa. Hoo e ka bang mehloli eohle ea liminerale e ka aroloa ka ho sebelisa ho qhibilihisa tšepe.
Hona jwale, ho tlola ho sebediswa haholo ho rua molemo wa dimethale tsa ferrous—haholo-holo tshepe le manganese—tse kang hematite, smithsonite, le ilmenite; dimethale tsa bohlokwa tse kang kgauta le silefera; dimethale tse seng tsa ferrous tse kang koporo, lead, zinc, cobalt, nickel, molybdenum, le antimony, ho kenyeletswa le dimethara tsa sulfide tse kang galena, sphalerite, chalcopyrite, bornite, molybdenite, le pentlandite, hammoho le dimethara tsa oxide tse kang malachite, cerussite, hemimorphite, cassiterite, le wolframite. E boetse e sebediswa bakeng sa dimethara tsa letsoai tse seng tsa tshepe tse kang fluorite, apatite, le barite, dimethara tsa letsoai tse qhibilihang tse kang potash le letswai la lefika, le dimethara tse seng tsa tshepe le dimethara tsa silicate tse kang mashala, graphite, sebabole, ditaemane, quartz, mica, feldspar, beryl, le spodumene.
Flotation e bokelletse boiphihlelo bo bongata lefapheng la ho rua molemo, ka tsoelo-pele e tsoelang pele ea theknoloji. Liminerale tseo pele li neng li nkoa li se na boleng ba indasteri ka lebaka la sebopeho sa tsona se tlase kapa se rarahaneng joale li ntse li fumanoa (e le mehloli ea bobeli) ka ho phaphamala.
Ha mehloli ea liminerale e ntse e fokotseha haholo, ka liminerale tse thusang tse ajoang ka mokhoa o motle le o rarahaneng ka har'a lirafshoa, bothata ba karohano bo eketsehile. Ho fokotsa litšenyehelo tsa tlhahiso, liindasteri tse kang thepa ea tšepe le lik'hemik'hale li behile litekanyetso tsa boleng bo holimo le litlhoko tse nepahetseng bakeng sa ho sebetsana le thepa e tala—ke hore, lihlahisoa tse arohaneng.
Ka lehlakoreng le leng, ho na le tlhoko ea ho ntlafatsa boleng, 'me ka lehlakoreng le leng, phephetso ea ho arola liminerale tse nang le lithollo tse ntle e entse hore ho phaphamala ho be holimo ho feta mekhoa e meng, e leng se entseng hore e be mokhoa o sebelisoang haholo le o tšepisang oa ho nona kajeno. Qalong e ne e sebelisoa limineraleng tsa sulfide, ho phaphamala ho 'nile ha atoloha butle-butle ho kenyeletsa liminerale tsa oxide le liminerale tse seng tsa tšepe. Kajeno, palo ea liminerale tsa selemo le selemo lefatšeng ka bophara tse sebetsoang ke ho phaphamala e feta lithane tse libilione tse 'maloa.
Lilemong tse mashome tsa morao tjena, ts'ebeliso ea theknoloji ea ho phaphamala e atolohile ka nģ'ane ho boenjiniere ba ts'ebetso ea liminerale ho ea masimong a kang ts'ireletso ea tikoloho, tšepe, ho etsa pampiri, temo, lik'hemik'hale, lijo, thepa, meriana le baeloji.
Mehlala e kenyeletsa ho kgutliswa ha dikarolo tsa bohlokwa ho tswa dihlahisweng tse mahareng ho pyrometallurgy, volatile, le slag; ho kgutliswa ha masalla a leaching le displacement ho etsahala ho hydrometallurgy; tshebediso ya ho kgutliswa indastering ya dikhemikhale bakeng sa ho ntsha pampiri e sebedisitsweng hape le ho kgutliswa ha difaeba ho tswa ho ditshila tsa pulp; le ditshebediso tse tlwaelehileng tsa boenjiniere ba tikoloho tse kang ho ntsha oli e boima e tala ho tswa ditshileng tsa noka, ho arola ditshila tse tiileng tse nyane ho tswa metsing a ditshila, le ho tlosa di-colloid, dibaktheria le ditshila tsa tshepe tse sa lateleng.
Ka ntlafatso lits'ebetsong le mekhoa ea ho phaphamala, hammoho le ho hlaha ha li-reagent le lisebelisoa tse ncha tse sebetsang hantle tsa ho phaphamala, ho phaphamala ho tla fumana lits'ebetso tse pharaletseng le ho feta liindastering le masimong a mangata. Leha ho le joalo, hoa bohlokoa ho hlokomela hore ts'ebeliso ea ho phaphamala e kenyelletsa litšenyehelo tse phahameng tsa ts'ebetso (ha e bapisoa le karohano ea makenete kapa matla a khoheli), litlhoko tse thata tsa boholo ba likaroloana tsa fepa, lintlha tse ngata tse susumetsang ts'ebetsong ea ho phaphamala tse hlokang ho nepahala ho hoholo ha ts'ebetso, le likotsi tse ka bang teng tikolohong tse tsoang metsing a litšila a nang le li-reagent tse setseng.
Nako ea poso: Pulungoana-14-2025