Umshini ongahluziweama-demulsifiers kawoyelaisekelwe kuthiyori ye-inversion-reverse deformation. Ngemva kokwengeza i-demulsifier, ukuguqulwa kwesigaba kwenzeka, okukhiqiza ama-surfactants akhiqiza uhlobo lwe-emulsion oluphambene nalolo olwakhiwe i-emulsifier (reverse demulsifier). Lawa ma-demulsifiers asebenzisana nama-emulsifiers we-hydrophobic ukuze akhe ama-complexes, ngaleyo ndlela anciphise izakhiwo zokuhlanganisa. Enye indlela ukugqabuka kwefilimu ngokushayisana. Ngaphansi kokushisisa noma ukuyaluza, ama-demulsifiers avame ukungqubuzana nefilimu ehlangene ebusweni ye-emulsion—okungaba i-adsorbed kuyo noma ikhipha amanye ama-molecule e-surfactant—okwenza ifilimu ingasebenzi kahle, okuholela ekuphundukeni, ekuhlanganeni, nasekususweni komuhle ekugcineni.
Ama-emulsion kawoyela ongahluziwe avame ukwenzeka ngesikhathi sokukhiqizwa nokucwengisiswa kukawoyela. Uwoyela ongahluziwe omningi emhlabeni ukhiqizwa ngendlela efakwe emulsified. I-emulsion iqukethe okungenani uketshezi olubili olungaguquki, lapho olulodwa luhlakazwa njengamaconsi amahle kakhulu (angaba ngu-1 mm ububanzi) alenga kwelinye.
Ngokuvamile, olunye lwalezi ziphuzo amanzi, kanti olunye luwuwoyela. Amafutha angahlakazeka kahle emanzini, enze i-emulsion yamafutha emanzini (O/W), lapho amanzi eyisigaba esiqhubekayo futhi uwoyela uyisigaba esihlakazekile. Ngokuphambene, uma uwoyela kuyisigaba esiqhubekayo futhi amanzi ehlakazeka, enza i-emulsion yamanzi-in-oyili (W/O). Ama-emulsions amaningi kawoyela ongahluziwe ayingxenye yalolu hlobo lwakamuva.
Eminyakeni yamuva nje, ucwaningo lwezindlela zokususa uwoyela ongahluziwe lugxile ekubhekweni okuningiliziwe kokuhlangana kwamaconsi kanye nomthelela wama-demulsifiers ku-rheology ehlangene. Kodwa-ke, ngenxa yobunkimbinkimbi bokusebenzelana kwe-demulsifier-emulsion, naphezu kocwaningo olunzulu, akukabi bikho ithiyori ebumbene mayelana nendlela yokukhipha i-demulsifier.
Izindlela ezimbalwa ezamukelwa kabanzi zihlanganisa:
1.Ukususwa kwe-molecule: Ama-molecule e-Demulsifier athatha indawo yama-emulsifiers kusixhumi esibonakalayo, aphazamisa i-emulsion.
I-2.I-Wrinkle deformation: Ucwaningo lwe-Microscopic lubonisa ama-emulsions e-W/O anezingqimba zamanzi eziphindwe kabili noma eziningi ezihlukaniswa ngamasongo kawoyela. Ngaphansi kokushisisa, ukuyaluza, kanye nesenzo sokususa i-demulsifier, lezi zendlalelo ziyaxhumeka, okubangele ukuhlangana kwamaconsi.
Ukwengeza, ucwaningo lwasekhaya lwezinhlelo ze-emulsion ze-O/W luphakamisa ukuthi i-demulsifier efanelekile kufanele ihlangabezane nalezi zindlela ezilandelayo: umsebenzi oqinile wangaphezulu, ukumanzisa okuhle, amandla okugeleza anele, kanye nokusebenza okusebenzayo kokuhlangana.
Ama-demulsifiers angahlukaniswa ngokusekelwe ezinhlotsheni ze-surfactant:
•Ama-anionic demulsifiers: Afaka ama-carboxylates, ama-sulfonates, nama-polyoxyethylene fatty sulfate. Ayisebenzi kahle, idinga imithamo emikhulu, futhi iyazwela kuma-electrolyte.
•Ama-Cationic demulsifiers: Ikakhulukazi ama-quaternary ammonium salts, asebenza kahle kuwoyela omncane kodwa awafaneleki uwoyela osindayo noma omdala.
•Ama-Nonionic demulsifiers: Afaka ama-block polyethers aqalwa ama-amine noma utshwala, ama-alkylphenol resin block polyethers, ama-phenol-amine resin block polyethers, ama-silicone-based demulsifiers, ama-ultra-high molecular weight demulsifiers, ama-polyphosphates, ama-block polyethers, kanye ne-zwitterionic demuls-based zwitterionic ama-demulsifiers).
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Aug-22-2025