ʻO ke ʻano hana o ka maka makanā mea hoʻohemo ʻailaHoʻokumu ʻia ma ke kumumanaʻo hoʻololi ʻano-hoʻohuli ʻana o ka pae. Ma hope o ka hoʻohui ʻana i ka demulsifier, hana ʻia kahi hoʻohuli ʻano, e hana ana i nā surfactants e hana i ke ʻano emulsion kū'ē i ka mea i hana ʻia e ka emulsifier (reverse demulsifier). Hoʻopili kēia mau demulsifiers me nā emulsifiers hydrophobic e hana i nā complexes, a laila e hoʻopau ana i nā waiwai emulsifying. ʻO kekahi ʻano hana, ʻo ia ka haki ʻana o ka kiʻiʻoniʻoni interfacial ma o ka collision. Ma lalo o ka hoʻomehana a i ʻole ka hoʻonāukiuki ʻana, hoʻokuʻi pinepine nā demulsifiers me ka kiʻiʻoniʻoni interfacial o ka emulsion—ʻo ia hoʻi ka adsorbing ma luna a i ʻole ka hoʻoneʻe ʻana i kekahi mau mole surfactant—ka mea e hoʻonāwaliwali ai i ka kiʻiʻoniʻoni, e alakaʻi ana i ka flocculation, coalescence, a me ka demulsification hope loa.
ʻIke pinepine ʻia nā emulsions aila maka i ka wā o ka hana ʻana a me ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻana i ka aila. Hana ʻia ka hapa nui o ka aila maka o ka honua i loko o kahi ʻano emulsified. Aia kahi emulsion i ʻelua mau wai immixible, kahi e hoʻopuehu ʻia ai kekahi ma ke ʻano he mau kulu liʻiliʻi loa (ma kahi o 1 mm ke anawaena) i kau ʻia i loko o kekahi.
ʻO ka maʻamau, ʻo kekahi o kēia mau wai he wai, a ʻo kekahi he ʻaila. Hiki ke hoʻopuehu maikaʻi ʻia ka ʻaila i loko o ka wai, e hana ana i kahi emulsion ʻaila-i-ka-wai (O/W), kahi ʻo ka wai ka pae hoʻomau a ʻo ka ʻaila ka pae hoʻopuehu. I ka ʻaoʻao ʻē aʻe, inā ʻo ka ʻaila ka pae hoʻomau a hoʻopuehu ʻia ka wai, hana ia i kahi emulsion wai-i-ka-ʻaila (W/O). ʻO ka hapa nui o nā emulsions ʻaila maka no ke ʻano hope.
I nā makahiki i hala iho nei, ua kālele ka noiʻi ʻana i nā ʻano hana demulsification aila maka i nā nānā kikoʻī o ka hui ʻana o nā kulu a me ka hopena o nā demulsifiers ma ka rheology interfacial. Eia nō naʻe, ma muli o ka paʻakikī o nā pilina demulsifier-emulsion, ʻoiai ka noiʻi nui ʻana, ʻaʻohe manaʻo hoʻokahi e pili ana i ka ʻano hana demulsification.
ʻO kekahi mau ʻano hana i ʻae nui ʻia:
1. Ka hoʻoneʻe ʻana o ka molekole: Hoʻololi nā molekole demulsifier i nā emulsifiers ma ka interface, e hoʻopau ana i ka emulsion.
2. Ka hoʻololi ʻana o nā wrinkle: Hōʻike nā haʻawina microscopic he mau papa wai pālua a nui paha nā emulsions W/O i hoʻokaʻawale ʻia e nā apo aila. Ma lalo o ka hoʻomehana ʻana, ka hoʻoulu ʻana, a me ka hana demulsifier, pili kēia mau papa, e hana ana i ka hui ʻana o nā kulu.
Eia kekahi, hōʻike nā noiʻi kūloko ma nā ʻōnaehana emulsion O/W e pono i kahi demulsifier kūpono ke hoʻokō i nā kūlana aʻe: ka hana ʻili ikaika, ka makū maikaʻi, ka hiki ke flocculation lawa, a me ka hana coalescence kūpono.
Hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia nā demulsifiers ma muli o nā ʻano surfactant:
•Nā mea hoʻohemo anionic: E komo pū me nā carboxylates, sulfonates, a me nā polyoxyethylene fatty sulfates. ʻAʻole lākou i hana pono, koi i nā dosages nui, a he maʻalahi i nā electrolytes.
•ʻO nā mea hoʻohemo cationic: ʻO ka paʻakai ammonium quaternary nui, kūpono no ka ʻaila māmā akā ʻaʻole kūpono no ka ʻaila kaumaha a ʻelemakule paha.
•ʻO nā mea hoʻohemo ʻole i ka nonionic: E komo pū me nā polyethers poloka i hoʻomaka ʻia e nā amines a i ʻole nā alcohols, nā polyethers poloka resin alkylphenol, nā polyethers poloka resin phenol-amine, nā demulsifiers i hoʻokumu ʻia i ka silicone, nā demulsifiers kaumaha molekala kiʻekiʻe loa, nā polyphosphates, nā polyethers poloka i hoʻololi ʻia, a me nā demulsifiers zwitterionic (e laʻa, nā demulsifiers ʻaila maka i hoʻokumu ʻia i ka imidazoline).
Ka manawa hoʻouna: ʻAukake-22-2025