ʻO nā amine momona e pili ana i kahi māhele ākea o nā hui amine organik me nā lōʻihi kaulahao kalapona mai C8 a C22. E like me nā amine laulā, ua hoʻokaʻawale ʻia lākou i ʻehā mau ʻano nui: nā amine mua, nā amine lua, nā amine tertiary, a me nā polyamines. ʻO ka ʻokoʻa ma waena o nā amine mua, lua, a me ka tertiary e pili ana i ka helu o nā ʻātoma hydrogen i loko o ka ammonia i pani ʻia e nā hui alkyl.
ʻO nā amine momona he mau mea i loaʻa mai ka ammonia. Hōʻike nā amine momona kaulahao pōkole (C8-10) i kekahi solubility i ka wai, ʻoiai ʻo nā amine momona kaulahao lōʻihi he mea hiki ʻole ke hoʻoheheʻe ʻia i ka wai a noho ma ke ʻano he wai a i ʻole nā mea paʻa i ka mahana o ka lumi. Loaʻa iā lākou nā waiwai kumu a, ma ke ʻano he mau kumu organik, hiki ke hoʻonāukiuki a hōʻino i ka ʻili a me nā membrane mucous.
Hoʻopuka nui ʻia ma o ka hopena o nā ʻalekola momona me ka dimethylamine e loaʻa ai nā monoalkyldimethyl tertiary amines, ka hopena o nā ʻalekola momona me ka monomethylamine e hana i nā dialkylmethyl tertiary amines, a me ka hopena o nā ʻalekola momona me ka ammonia e hana i nā trialkyl tertiary amines.
Hoʻomaka ke kaʻina hana me ka hopena o nā waikawa momona a me ka ammonia e hana i nā nitriles momona, a laila hydrogenated e hua i nā amines momona mua a lua paha. Hana ʻia kēia mau amines mua a lua paha i ka hydrogendimethylation e hana i nā amines tertiary. Hiki ke hoʻololi ʻia nā amines mua, ma hope o ka cyanoethylation a me ka hydrogenation, i diamines. Hana hou ʻia nā diamines i ka cyanoethylation a me ka hydrogenation e hana i nā triamines, a laila hiki ke hoʻololi ʻia i tetramines ma o ka cyanoethylation a me ka hydrogenation hou aʻe.
Nā Hoʻohana o nā Amines Momona
Hoʻohana ʻia nā amine mua ma ke ʻano he mau mea hoʻopale i ka pala, nā lubricants, nā mea hoʻokuʻu ʻōpala, nā mea hoʻohui aila, nā mea hoʻohui hana pigment, nā thickeners, nā mea hoʻomaʻū, nā mea hoʻopau lepo mea hoʻoulu, nā mea hoʻohui aila mīkini, nā mea hoʻohui mea hoʻoulu anti-caking, nā mea hoʻoheheʻe, nā mea flotation, nā lubricants gear, nā mea hydrophobic, nā mea hoʻohui waterproofing, nā emulsions wax, a me nā mea hou aku.
ʻO nā amines mua kalapona kiʻekiʻe i hoʻopiha ʻia, e like me ka octadecylamine, e lawelawe ma ke ʻano he mau mea hoʻokuʻu ʻōpala no ka laholio paʻakikī a me nā huʻa polyurethane. Hoʻohana ʻia ʻo Dodecylamine i ka hana hou ʻana o nā laholio kūlohelohe a me nā synthetic, ma ke ʻano he surfactant i nā hopena tin-plating kemika, a ma ka hoʻemi ʻana o ka isomaltose e hana i nā derivatives malt. Hoʻohana ʻia ʻo Oleylamine ma ke ʻano he mea hoʻohui wahie diesel.
Ka hana ʻana o nā Surfactants Cationic
Hana nā amine mua a me ko lākou mau paʻakai ma ke ʻano he mau mea hoʻoheheʻe ʻaihao maikaʻi, nā mea anti-caking no nā mea hoʻouluulu a i ʻole nā mea pahū, nā mea pale wai pepa, nā mea pale i ka palaho, nā mea hoʻohui lubricant, nā biocides i ka ʻoihana petroleum, nā mea hoʻohui no nā wahie a me ka gasoline, nā mea hoʻomaʻemaʻe uila, nā emulsifiers, a ma ka hana ʻana i nā pālolo organometallic a me nā mea hoʻohui hana pigment. Hoʻohana ʻia lākou i ka mālama ʻana i ka wai a ma ke ʻano he mau mea hoʻoheheʻe. Hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia nā amine mua e hana i nā emulsifiers asphalt ʻano paʻakai ammonium quaternary, i hoʻohana nui ʻia i ke kūkulu ʻana a me ka mālama ʻana i nā alanui kiʻekiʻe, e hōʻemi ana i ka ikaika o ka hana a me ka hoʻolōʻihi ʻana i ke ola o ka pavement.
Ka Hana ʻana o nā Surfactants Nonionic
Hoʻohana nui ʻia nā adducts o nā amines mua momona me ka ethylene oxide ma ke ʻano he mau mea antistatic i ka ʻoihana plastics. ʻO nā amines Ethoxylated, ʻoiai ʻaʻole hiki ke hoʻoheheʻe ʻia i loko o nā plastics, neʻe lākou i ka ʻili, kahi e omo ai lākou i ka makū o ka lewa, e hoʻolilo ana i ka ʻili plastic i antistatic.
Ka Hana ʻana o nā Amphoteric Surfactants
Hoʻopili ʻo Dodecylamine me ka methyl acrylate a hana i ka saponification a me ka neutralization e loaʻa ai ka N-dodecyl-β-alanine. Hōʻike ʻia kēia mau surfactants e ko lākou mau hopena wai mālamalama a ʻaʻohe kala paha, solubility kiʻekiʻe i ka wai a i ʻole ethanol, biodegradability, hoʻomanawanui i ka wai paʻakikī, ka liʻiliʻi o ka huhū ʻili, a me ka haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa. Hoʻokomo pū ʻia nā noi me nā mea hoʻohua, nā emulsifiers, nā mea hoʻopale corrosion, nā detergents wai, nā shampoos, nā conditioners lauoho, nā mea palupalu, a me nā mea antistatic.
Ka manawa hoʻouna: Nov-20-2025