ʻO nā amine momona e pili ana i kahi ʻāpana ākea o nā pūhui amine organik me ka lōʻihi o ke kaulahao kalapona mai C8 a i C22. E like me nā amine maʻamau, ua hoʻokaʻawale ʻia lākou i ʻehā mau ʻano nui: nā amine mua, nā amine lua, nā amine tertiary, a me nā polyamines. ʻO ka ʻokoʻa ma waena o nā amine mua, lua, a me ke kula kiʻekiʻe ma muli o ka helu o nā mana hydrogen i loko o ka amonia i pani ʻia e nā hui alkyl.
ʻO nā amine momona nā mea i loaʻa i ka ammonia. ʻO nā amine momona kaulahao pōkole (C8-10) e hōʻike ana i ka hiki ke hoʻoheheʻe ʻia i loko o ka wai, ʻoiai ʻo nā amine momona kaulahao lōʻihi ʻaʻole hiki ke hoʻoheheʻe ʻia i loko o ka wai a noho ʻia ma ke ʻano he wai a paʻa paha i ka wela lumi. Loaʻa iā lākou nā waiwai maʻamau a, ma ke ʻano he kumu kūlohelohe, hiki ke hoʻonāukiuki a ʻino i ka ʻili a me nā membrane mucous.
Hana mua ʻia ma o ka hopena o nā ʻawaʻawa momona me ka dimethylamine e hoʻohua ai i ka monoalkyldimethyl tertiary amines, ka pane ʻana o nā ʻawaʻawa momona me ka monomethylamine e hana i ka dialkylmethyl tertiary amines, a me ka hopena o nā momona momona me ka amonia e hoʻohua i nā amine tertiary trialkyl.
Hoʻomaka ke kaʻina hana me ka hopena o nā waikawa momona a me ka amonia e hana i nā nitriles momona, a laila hydrogenated e hoʻohua ai i nā amine momona mua a lua paha. Loaʻa kēia mau amine mua a lua paha i ka hydrogendimethylation e hana i nā amine tertiary. ʻO nā amine mua, ma hope o ka cyanoethylation a me ka hydrogenation, hiki ke hoʻololi ʻia i diamines. Hoʻopili hou ʻia nā diamines i ka cyanoethylation a me ka hydrogenation e hana i nā triamine, a laila hiki ke hoʻololi ʻia i tetramines ma o ka cyanoethylation a me ka hydrogenation.
Nā hoʻohana ʻana o Fatty Amines
Hoʻohana ʻia nā amine mua e like me ka corrosion inhibitors, lubricants, mold release agents, oil additives, pigment processing additives, thickeners, wetting agents, fertilizer dust suppressants, engine oil additives, fertilizer anti-caking agents, molding agents, flotation agents, gear lubricants, hydrophobic agents, waxing additives, a me nā mea hoʻohui wai.
ʻO nā amine kumu kalapona kiʻekiʻe i hoʻopiha ʻia, e like me ka octadecylamine, e lawelawe ma ke ʻano he mea hoʻokuʻu mold no ka ʻōpala paʻa a me ka huʻa polyurethane. Hoʻohana ʻia ʻo Dodecylamine i ka hana hou ʻana o nā rubbers kūlohelohe a me ka synthetic, ma ke ʻano he surfactant i nā ʻenehana tin-plating solutions, a i ka amination reductive o isomaltose e hana i nā derivatives malt. Hoʻohana ʻia ʻo Oleylamine ma ke ʻano he mea hoʻohui diesel.
Hana ʻia nā Cationic Surfactants
ʻO nā amine mua a me kā lākou mau paʻakai e like me nā mea hoʻoheheʻe ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi, nā mea anti-caking no nā mea kanu a i ʻole nā mea pahū, nā mea hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻeleʻele, emulsifiers, a me ka hana ʻana i nā mea hoʻonaninani a me nā mea hoʻohui pigmentallic. Hoʻohana ʻia lākou i ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa wai a ma ke ʻano he mea hoʻoheheʻe. Hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia nā amine mua e hana i nā emulsifiers ʻano paʻakai ammonium quaternary, i hoʻohana nui ʻia i ke kūkulu ʻana a me ka mālama ʻana i nā alanui kiʻekiʻe, e hōʻemi ana i ka ikaika o ka hana a me ka hoʻonui ʻana i ke ola o ke kahua.
Ka hana ʻana o nā Nonionic Surfactants
Hoʻohana mua ʻia nā mea hoʻohui o nā amine momona momona me ka ethylene oxide ma ke ʻano he antistatic agents i ka ʻoihana plastics. ʻO nā amine ethoxylated, ʻaʻole hiki ke hoʻoheheʻe ʻia i loko o nā plastics, neʻe lākou i ka ʻili, kahi e hoʻomoʻa ai lākou i ka wai o ka lewa, e hoʻolilo i ka ʻili plastik antistatic.
Ka hana ʻana o nā Amphoteric Surfactants
Hoʻopili ʻo Dodecylamine me ka methyl acrylate a loaʻa i ka saponification a me ka neutralization e hāʻawi i ka N-dodecyl-β-alanine. Hōʻike ʻia kēia mau surfactants e ko lākou mau ʻoluʻolu wai ʻulaʻula a ʻulaʻula ʻole paha, ka solubility kiʻekiʻe i ka wai a i ʻole ethanol, biodegradability, ka hoʻomanawanui ʻana i ka wai paʻa, ka liʻiliʻi o ka ʻili ʻili, a me ka haʻahaʻa ʻona. Hoʻopili nā noi i nā mea hoʻohua, emulsifiers, corrosion inhibitors, wai holoi, shampoos, hair conditioners, softeners, a me nā mea antistatic.
Ka manawa hoʻouna: Nov-20-2025