Kev ua kom cov hlau zoo yog ib txoj kev tsim khoom uas npaj cov khoom siv raw rau kev smelting hlau thiab kev lag luam tshuaj lom neeg, thiab kev ua npuas dej tau dhau los ua txoj hauv kev zoo tshaj plaws. Yuav luag txhua yam khoom siv hauv av tuaj yeem sib cais los ntawm kev siv kev ua npuas dej.
Tam sim no, kev siv flotation dav dav hauv kev siv cov hlau ferrous—feem ntau yog hlau thiab manganese—xws li hematite, smithsonite, thiab ilmenite; cov hlau muaj nqis xws li kub thiab nyiaj; cov hlau tsis muaj ferrous xws li tooj liab, txhuas, zinc, cobalt, nickel, molybdenum, thiab antimony, suav nrog cov zaub mov sulfide xws li galena, sphalerite, chalcopyrite, bornite, molybdenite, thiab pentlandite, nrog rau cov zaub mov oxide xws li malachite, cerussite, hemimorphite, cassiterite, thiab wolframite. Nws kuj siv rau cov zaub mov ntsev uas tsis yog hlau xws li fluorite, apatite, thiab barite, cov zaub mov ntsev uas yaj tau xws li potash thiab ntsev pob zeb, thiab cov zaub mov tsis yog hlau thiab cov zaub mov silicate xws li thee, graphite, sulfur, diamonds, quartz, mica, feldspar, beryl, thiab spodumene.
Kev siv tshuab ua kom dej ntws tau muaj kev paub ntau yam hauv kev siv cov khoom zoo, nrog rau kev nce qib ntawm thev naus laus zis tas mus li. Cov zaub mov uas yav dhau los suav tias tsis muaj txiaj ntsig rau kev lag luam vim lawv qib qis lossis cov qauv nyuaj tam sim no tau rov qab tau (ua cov peev txheej thib ob) los ntawm kev siv tshuab ua kom dej ntws.
Thaum cov khoom siv hauv av tsis muaj zog zuj zus, nrog rau cov khoom siv tau faib ua ntau dua thiab sib xyaw ua ke hauv cov pob zeb, qhov nyuaj ntawm kev sib cais tau loj hlob. Txhawm rau kom txo cov nqi tsim khoom, cov lag luam xws li cov ntaub ntawv hlau thiab cov tshuaj lom neeg tau teeb tsa cov qauv zoo dua thiab cov kev cai meej rau kev ua cov khoom siv raw - uas yog, cov khoom sib cais.
Ntawm ib sab tes, muaj qhov xav tau los txhim kho qhov zoo, thiab ntawm qhov tod tes, qhov kev sib tw ntawm kev sib cais cov zaub mov zoo tau ua rau kev flotation zoo dua li lwm txoj hauv kev, tsim kom nws yog cov txheej txheem siv dav tshaj plaws thiab muaj kev cia siab zoo tshaj plaws niaj hnub no. Thaum pib siv rau cov zaub mov sulfide, flotation tau maj mam nthuav dav kom suav nrog cov zaub mov oxide thiab cov zaub mov tsis yog hlau. Niaj hnub no, cov zaub mov thoob ntiaj teb txhua xyoo uas ua los ntawm kev flotation ntau dua ntau billion tons.
Nyob rau xyoo tas los no, daim ntawv thov ntawm cov thev naus laus zis flotation tau nthuav dav dhau ntawm kev ua cov khoom siv hauv cov zaub mov mus rau cov teb xws li kev tiv thaiv ib puag ncig, metallurgy, papermaking, kev ua liaj ua teb, tshuaj lom neeg, khoom noj, cov ntaub ntawv, tshuaj, thiab biology.
Piv txwv li suav nrog kev rov qab los ntawm cov khoom muaj nqis los ntawm cov khoom nruab nrab hauv pyrometallurgy, volatiles, thiab slag; kev rov qab los ntawm kev rov qab los ntawm cov leaching residues thiab displacement precipitates hauv hydrometallurgy; kev siv flotation hauv kev lag luam tshuaj rau de-inking daim ntawv rov ua dua tshiab thiab rov qab tau cov fibers los ntawm pulp pov tseg cawv; thiab cov ntawv thov kev tsim kho ib puag ncig xws li rho tawm cov roj nyoos hnyav los ntawm cov dej ntws, cais cov khoom me me ntawm cov dej khib nyiab, thiab tshem tawm cov colloids, cov kab mob, thiab cov hlau tsis huv.
Nrog kev txhim kho hauv cov txheej txheem thiab cov txheej txheem flotation, nrog rau kev tshwm sim ntawm cov tshuaj reagents thiab cov khoom siv flotation tshiab, ua haujlwm tau zoo, flotation yuav pom ntau daim ntawv thov thoob plaws ntau yam lag luam thiab teb. Txawm li cas los xij, nws tsim nyog sau cia tias kev siv flotation cuam tshuam nrog cov nqi ua tiav siab dua (piv rau kev sib cais sib nqus lossis lub ntiajteb txawj nqus), cov kev cai nruj dua rau qhov loj me ntawm cov khoom noj pub, ntau yam cuam tshuam hauv cov txheej txheem flotation uas xav tau kev ua haujlwm siab, thiab tej zaum yuav muaj kev phom sij rau ib puag ncig los ntawm cov dej khib nyiab uas muaj cov tshuaj reagents seem.
Lub sijhawm tshaj tawm: Kaum Ib Hlis-14-2025