Qhov kev hloov pauv thoob ntiaj teb ntawm cov surfactants uas loj hlob tas li muab ib puag ncig zoo rau kev txhim kho thiab kev nthuav dav ntawm kev lag luam tshuaj pleev ib ce, uas ua rau muaj kev thov ntau ntxiv rau cov qauv khoom, ntau yam, kev ua tau zoo, thiab thev naus laus zis. Yog li ntawd, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom tsim cov surfactants uas muaj kev nyab xeeb, mos, yooj yim lwj, thiab muaj cov haujlwm tshwj xeeb, yog li ntawd tso lub hauv paus theoretical rau kev tsim thiab siv cov khoom tshiab. Yuav tsum muab qhov tseem ceeb rau kev tsim cov glycoside-based surfactants, nrog rau kev ua kom muaj ntau yam polyol thiab cawv-hom surfactants; ua kev tshawb fawb txog cov surfactants uas tau los ntawm taum pauv phospholipid; tsim ntau yam ntawm sucrose fatty acid ester series; txhawb kev tshawb fawb txog cov thev naus laus zis sib xyaw; thiab nthuav dav cov ntawv thov rau cov khoom uas twb muaj lawm.
Qhov xwm txheej uas cov tshuaj uas tsis yaj hauv dej sib xyaw ua ke hauv dej los ua cov emulsion hu ua emulsification. Hauv cov tshuaj pleev ib ce, cov emulsifiers feem ntau yog siv rau hauv kev tsim cov tshuaj pleev ib ce thiab tshuaj pleev ib ce. Cov hom tshuaj xws li cov tshuaj pleev ib ce uas muaj hmoov thiab "Zhongxing" vanishing cream yog ob qho tib si O/W (roj-hauv-dej) emulsions, uas tuaj yeem emulsified siv cov anionic emulsifiers xws li cov xab npum fatty acid. Emulsification nrog xab npum ua rau nws yooj yim dua kom tau txais cov emulsions uas muaj roj tsawg, thiab cov nyhuv gelling ntawm xab npum muab rau lawv nrog viscosity siab. Rau cov tshuaj pleev ib ce txias uas muaj feem ntau ntawm cov roj theem, cov emulsions feem ntau yog W/O (dej-hauv-roj), uas cov lanolin ntuj - nrog nws lub peev xwm nqus dej muaj zog thiab viscosity siab - tuaj yeem xaiv ua emulsifier. Tam sim no, cov emulsifiers nonionic yog cov siv dav tshaj plaws, vim lawv muaj kev nyab xeeb thiab tsis khaus.
Qhov xwm txheej uas ua rau cov tshuaj yaj me ntsis lossis cov tshuaj tsis yaj ntau ntxiv hu ua solubilization. Thaum ntxiv cov surfactants rau hauv dej, qhov kev nruj ntawm qhov chaw ntawm dej pib poob qis, tom qab ntawd cov khoom sib sau ua ke ntawm cov tshuaj surfactant hu ua micelles pib tsim. Qhov concentration ntawm surfactant uas ua rau micelle tsim tshwm sim hu ua qhov tseem ceeb micelle concentration (CMC). Thaum qhov concentration ntawm surfactant mus txog CMC, cov micelles tuaj yeem ntes cov roj lossis cov khoom khov ntawm qhov kawg hydrophobic ntawm lawv cov molecules, yog li ua kom cov tshuaj yaj tsis zoo lossis cov tshuaj tsis yaj ntau.
Hauv cov tshuaj pleev ib ce, cov tshuaj yaj feem ntau yog siv rau hauv kev tsim cov toners, cov roj plaub hau, thiab kev loj hlob ntawm cov plaub hau thiab kev npaj kho kom zoo nkauj. Vim tias cov khoom xyaw pleev ib ce uas muaj roj - xws li cov tshuaj tsw qab, cov rog, thiab cov vitamins uas yaj tau hauv roj - txawv ntawm cov qauv thiab polarity, lawv cov hom kev yaj kuj txawv; yog li ntawd, cov surfactants tsim nyog yuav tsum tau xaiv ua cov tshuaj yaj. Piv txwv li, vim tias cov toners yaj cov tshuaj tsw qab, cov roj, thiab cov tshuaj, alkyl polyoxyethylene ethers yuav siv tau rau lub hom phiaj no. Txawm hais tias alkylphenol polyoxyethylene ethers (OP-hom, TX-hom) muaj lub zog yaj tau zoo, lawv ua rau khaus rau lub qhov muag thiab yog li feem ntau zam. Ntxiv mus, amphoteric derivatives raws li cov roj castor qhia tau tias muaj kev yaj zoo heev rau cov roj tsw qab thiab cov roj zaub, thiab tsis ua rau khaus rau lub qhov muag, lawv tsim nyog rau kev npaj cov tshuaj zawv plaub hau me me thiab lwm yam tshuaj pleev ib ce.
Lub sijhawm tshaj tawm: Lub Kaum Ob Hlis-05-2025