Kedu usoro enwere ike iji na mgbochi corrosion?

N'ozuzu, ụzọ mgbochi corrosion nwere ike kewaa ụzọ abụọ bụ isi:

1.Nhọrọ ziri ezi nke ihe na-eguzogide corrosion na ihe mgbochi ndị ọzọ

2. Ịhọrọ ezi uche usoro arụmọrụ na akụrụngwa owuwu

Ịnagidesi ike na ụkpụrụ usoro na mmepụta kemịkal nwere ike iwepụ ihe ndị na-adịghị mkpa corrosion. Otú ọ dị, ọ bụrụgodị na a na-eji ihe ndị na-eguzogide corrosion dị elu mee ihe, usoro arụ ọrụ na-ezighị ezi ka nwere ike iduga nbibi siri ike.

1. Inorganic Corrosion Inhibitors;

Dị ka ọ na-adịkarị, ịgbakwunye obere ihe mgbochi corrosion na gburugburu ebe obibi na-emebi emebi nwere ike belata nrụrụ igwe. A na-ekewakarị ihe mgbochi ndị a ụzọ atọ: inorganic, organic, and vapo-phase inhibitors, nke ọ bụla nwere usoro dị iche iche.

• Ndị na-egbochi anodic (na-ebelata usoro anodic):

Ndị a na-agụnye oxidizers (chromates, nitrites, iron ion, wdg) nke na-akwalite passivation anodic ma ọ bụ ihe nkiri ihe nkiri anodic (alkalis, phosphates, silicates, benzoates, wdg) nke na-emepụta ihe nkiri nchebe na elu anode. Ha na-emeghachi omume na mpaghara anodic, na-eme ka polarization anodic. N'ozuzu, anodic inhibitors na-emepụta ihe nkiri nchebe na elu anode, nke dị irè nke ukwuu ma na-ebute ihe ize ndụ - ezughị ezu usoro onunu ogwu nwere ike ime ka mkpuchi ihe nkiri ezughị ezu, na-ahapụ obere ebe ọla ndị na-enweghị ihe ọ bụla na-enwe nnukwu njupụta anodic dị ugbu a, na-eme ka corrosion dị elu karịa.

• Ndị na-egbochi Cathodic (eme ihe na mmeghachi omume cathodic):

Ọmụmaatụ gụnyere calcium, zinc, magnesium, ọla kọpa, na ion manganese, bụ ndị na-emeghachi omume na ion hydroxide na-emepụta na cathode iji mepụta hydroxides na-adịghị edozi. Ihe nkiri ndị a na-etolite nnukwu ihe nkiri na elu cathode, na-egbochi mgbasa oxygen na ịba ụba nke itinye uche.

• Ihe mgbochi agwakọta (na-egbochi mmeghachi omume anodic na cathodic):

Ndị a chọrọ mkpebi nnwale nke usoro ọgwụgwọ kacha mma.

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2. Organic corrosion inhibitors

Ndị na-egbochi Organic na-arụ ọrụ site na mgbasa ozi, na-eme ihe nkiri a na-adịghị ahụ anya, nke nwere nnukwu ihe n'elu igwe nke na-egbochi mmeghachi omume anodic na cathodic (n'agbanyeghị na ọ na-arụ ọrụ dị iche iche). Ndị na-egbochi organic na-emekarị gụnyere nitrogen-, sulfur-, oxygen- na ogige nwere phosphorus. Usoro mgbasa ozi ha na-adabere n'ụdị molekụla ma nwee ike ekewa ya dị ka:

· Mgbasa ozi elektrọn

· Ngwakọta kemịkalụ

· π-bond (delocalized eletrọn) mgbasa ozi

A na-eji ihe mgbochi organic eme ihe n'ọtụtụ ebe ma na-etolite ngwa ngwa, mana ha nwekwara ihe ndọghachi azụ, dịka:

· Mmetọ ngwaahịa (karịsịa na ngwa ndị metụtara nri) - ebe ọ bara uru na otu pro

duction ogbo, ha nwere ike na-emerụ na ọzọ.

· Mgbochi mmeghachi omume achọrọ (dịka ọmụmaatụ, iwetu ihe nkiri na-ebelata n'oge ị na-atụtụ acid).

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3. Ndị na-egbochi ikuku nke Vapo-Phase Corrosion Inhibitors;

Ndị a bụ ihe na-agbanwe agbanwe nke ukwuu nwere otu arụ ọrụ na-egbochi corrosion, nke a na-ejikarị echekwa akụkụ ọla n'oge nchekwa na njem (na-adịkarị n'ụdị siri ike). Vapors ha na-ahapụ ìgwè ndị na-egbochi ihe na-arụ ọrụ na mmiri ikuku, nke na-adaba n'elu igwe ka ọ ghara imebi.

Na mgbakwunye, ha bụ ihe mgbochi adsorptive, nke pụtara na elu igwe echedoro anaghị achọ iwepụ nchara n'ihu.

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