Ndi njira iti yomwe ingagwiritsidwe ntchito popewa dzimbiri?

Kawirikawiri, njira zopewera dzimbiri zitha kugawidwa m'magulu awiri akuluakulu:

1. Kusankha bwino zinthu zosagwira dzimbiri ndi njira zina zodzitetezera.

2. Kusankha njira zoyenera zogwirira ntchito ndi zida.

Kutsatira malamulo okhudza njira zopangira mankhwala kungathetse dzimbiri losafunikira. Komabe, ngakhale zipangizo zabwino kwambiri zopewera dzimbiri zitagwiritsidwa ntchito, njira zosagwira ntchito bwino zingayambitse dzimbiri lalikulu.

1. Zoletsa Kudzimbidwa kwa Zinthu Zopanda Kalengedwe​

Kawirikawiri, kuwonjezera zinthu zoletsa dzimbiri pang'ono pamalo owononga zinthu kungachepetse kwambiri dzimbiri la zitsulo. Zinthu zoletsa izi nthawi zambiri zimagawidwa m'magulu atatu: zinthu zosapangidwa ndi organic, zachilengedwe, ndi zinthu zoletsa nthunzi, chilichonse chili ndi njira zake zosiyana.

• Zoletsa Mano (zoletsa mano) (zoletsa mano) (zoletsa mano):

Izi zikuphatikizapo ma oxidizer (ma chromates, ma nitrites, ma iron ion, ndi zina zotero) zomwe zimalimbikitsa kusuntha kwa anodic kapena ma anodic filming agents (ma alkali, ma phosphates, ma silicates, ma benzoates, ndi zina zotero)​​zomwe zimapanga mafilimu oteteza pamwamba pa anode. Amagwira ntchito makamaka m'dera la anodic, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti anodic polarization ichitike. Kawirikawiri, ma anodic inhibitors amapanga filimu yoteteza pamwamba pa anode, yomwe ndi yothandiza kwambiri koma imakhala ndi chiopsezo - mlingo wosakwanira ungayambitse kufalikira kwa filimuyo kosakwanira, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti malo ang'onoang'ono achitsulo omwe ali ndi anodic current density ambiri azitha kupangika, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti dzimbiri liziyenda bwino.

• Cathodic Inhibitors (imagwira ntchito pa cathodic reaction):

Zitsanzo zake ndi monga ma ayoni a calcium, zinc, magnesium, copper, ndi manganese, omwe amachita ndi ma ayoni a hydroxide omwe amapangidwa pa cathode kuti apange ma hydroxide osasungunuka. Izi zimapanga mafilimu okhuthala pamwamba pa cathode, kuletsa kufalikira kwa okosijeni ndikuwonjezera kuchuluka kwa ma ion.

• Zoletsa Zosakaniza (zoletsa zochita za anodic ndi cathodic):

Izi zimafuna kuyesedwa koyesa kuti adziwe mlingo woyenera.

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2. Zoletsa Kutupa kwa Zachilengedwe​

Zoletsa zachilengedwe zimagwira ntchito kudzera mu kulowetsedwa kwa madzi, kupanga filimu yosaoneka, yokhuthala ngati mamolekyu pamwamba pa chitsulo yomwe nthawi yomweyo imaletsa machitidwe a anodic ndi cathodic (ngakhale kuti imagwira ntchito mosiyanasiyana). Zoletsa zachilengedwe zodziwika bwino zimaphatikizapo mankhwala okhala ndi nayitrogeni, sulfur, oxygen, ndi phosphorous. Njira zawo zolowetsedwa zimatengera kapangidwe ka mamolekyu ndipo zitha kugawidwa m'magulu awa:

·Kulowetsedwa kwa electrostatic​

· Kulowetsedwa kwa mankhwala

· Kulowetsedwa kwa π-bond (delocalized electron)

Mankhwala oletsa organic amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ndipo akusintha mofulumira, koma alinso ndi zovuta zake, monga:

· Kuipitsidwa kwa zinthu (makamaka pakugwiritsa ntchito zakudya)—komabe n'kothandiza pa ntchito imodzi yokha

Pa gawo loyambitsa, zitha kukhala zovulaza pa gawo lina.

·Kuletsa zochita zomwe mukufuna (monga kuchepetsa mphamvu yochotsera filimu panthawi yothira asidi).

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3. Zoletsa Kutupa kwa Nthunzi​

Izi ndi zinthu zosinthasintha kwambiri zomwe zimakhala ndi magulu ogwira ntchito oletsa dzimbiri, zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka kuteteza zigawo zachitsulo panthawi yosungira ndi kunyamula (nthawi zambiri zimakhala zolimba). Nthunzi zawo zimatulutsa magulu oletsa mphamvu mu chinyezi cha mlengalenga, zomwe kenako zimalowa pamwamba pa chitsulo kuti zichepetse dzimbiri.

Kuphatikiza apo, ndi zoletsa kunyowa, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti pamwamba pa chitsulo chotetezedwa sichifunika kuchotsa dzimbiri pasadakhale.

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