Nkuko twese tubizi, amajwi abantu bumva ni ibimenyetso by'imiraba y'amajwi bifite umurongo uri hagati ya 20 Hz na 20.000 Hz. Imiraba y'amajwi ifite umurongo uri hejuru ya 20.000 Hz yitwa imiraba ya ultrasonic. Imiraba y'amajwi ikwirakwira mu buryo bw'umuraba wa sine, isimburana hagati y'ikomeye n'intege nke mu gihe igenda. Iyo ibimenyetso by'imiraba y'amajwi bidakomeye bikora ku mazi, bitanga umuvuduko mubi mu mazi, bigakora uduce duto twinshi. Mu buryo bunyuranye, ibimenyetso bikomeye by'imiraba y'amajwi bigira umuvuduko mwiza ku mazi, bigatuma utu duce duto dusenyuka. Ubushakashatsi bwagaragaje ko iyo imiraba ya ultrasonic ikoze ku mazi, gusenyuka kwa buri ruziga bitanga imiraba ikomeye cyane, iherekejwe n'ubushyuhe bwinshi bwihuse n'umuvuduko w'ikirere kigera ku bihumbi. Iki kintu kizwi nka "cavitation effect".Gusukura hakoreshejwe ikoranabuhanga rya Ultrasonicikoresha imiraba y'ihungabana iterwa n'uduheri twinshi mu mazi kugira ngo isukure kandi isukure ubuso bw'imbere n'inyuma bw'ibikoresho by'akazi.
Imiraba ya Ultrasonic ishobora kugabanywamo ibice bitatu: imiraba ya infrasonic, imiraba y'amajwi n'imiraba ya Ultrasonic. Ingano y'imiraba ya infrasonic iri munsi ya 20 Hz, iyo imiraba y'amajwi iri hagati ya 20 Hz na 20 kHz, naho imiraba ya Ultrasonic ifite intera iri hejuru ya 20 kHz. Muri rusange, ugutwi kw'umuntu ntigushobora kumenya imiraba ya infrasonic n'imiraba ya Ultrasonic. Kubera ingano yayo yo hejuru n'uburebure bwayo bugufi, imiraba ya Ultrasonic ifite uburyo bwiza bwo gukwirakwiza icyerekezo kandi ikaba ifite ubushobozi bukomeye bwo kwinjira.
Ihame ry'imikorere y'icyuma gisukura hakoreshejwe ikoranabuhanga ni iri rikurikira: transducer ihindura ingufu z'ijwi ziva ku isoko y'amashanyarazi ya ultrasonic ikoresheje imbaraga nyinshi ikajya mu ikoranabuhanga rigezweho. Uku kuzungazunga koherezwa binyuze mu rukuta rw'ikigega gisukura, bigatanga imiraba ya ultrasound mu gikoresho gisukura kiri mu kigega. Mu gihe cy'imirasire y'imiraba ya ultrasound, utubuto duto mu mazi dukomeza kuzungazunga bitewe n'urusaku rw'imiraba.
Iyo umuvuduko w'ijwi cyangwa imbaraga z'ijwi bigeze ku rwego runaka, uduce duto twaguka vuba hanyuma tugasenyuka mu buryo butunguranye. Mu gihe cy'ipfundo ry'uduce duto, imiraba y'ihungabana iravuka, igatanga umuvuduko uri hagati ya 10¹²Kuva kuri Pa kugeza kuri 10¹³Pa ikikije uduheri. Igitutu gikomeye giterwa no gucukura hakoreshejwe ikoranabuhanga gica ibintu bihumanya bidashonga hanyuma kikabikwirakwiza mu gikoresho.
Ku ruhande rumwe, imiraba ya ultrasound isenya uburyo ibintu byanduye bihurirana n'ubuso bw'ibintu byasukuwe. Ku rundi ruhande, bituma ibice byanduye binanirwa kunanirwa, bigatuma bivaho. Gutigita kw'uduheri tw'imyuka gusya ubuso bukomeye. Iyo habonetse imyanda mu bice byanduye, uduheri twinjira mu cyuho tugatitira kugira ngo dukuremo umwanda. Gucamo amazi kandi bituma amazi abiri akwirakwira vuba kandi agashyirwa mu mazi. Iyo ibice bikomeye bisizwe amavuta bifatanye n'ubuso bw'ibintu byasukuwe, amavuta abayatejwemo ibinyabutabirekandi uduce duto duto tugwa mu buryo busanzwe. Uko imiraba ya ultrasonic inyura mu gikoresho cyo gusukura, ikora umuvuduko w'amajwi mwiza n'amabi, igakora imiyoboro y'amajwi igira ingaruka ku bintu byasukuwe. Hagati aho, ingaruka zitari umurongo umwe zitanga umuvuduko w'amajwi n'imiyoboro y'amajwi mito, kandi imiyoboro ya ultrasonic ikora imiyoboro mito yihuta cyane ku gice cy'amazi gihuza ibintu bikomeye n'amazi. Izi ngaruka zose zishobora gusenya imyanda, gukuraho cyangwa kugabanya imbaraga z'imyanda yo hejuru, kongera gukurura no gukwirakwiza, kwihutisha gushonga kw'imyanda ishongesha, no kongera imikorere yo gusukura ya sabuni za shimi.
Byafatwa umwanzuro ko isuku ikorerwa aho amazi ashobora kugera kandi hari aho ijwi rituruka. Iri koranabuhanga rikwiriye cyane cyane mu gusukura ibice bifite imiterere y’ubuso igoye cyane. Byongeye kandi, gukoresha iri koranabuhanga bishobora kugabanya ikoreshwa ry’imiti ihumanya ibidukikije, bityo bikagabanya cyane umwanda uhumanya ibidukikije.
Amabwiriza yo Kwitondera Gukoresha Imashini Zisukura Umucyo (Ultrasonic Cleaners)
Ingufu zikoreshwa mu gusukura icyuma gikoresha ikoranabuhanga rya ultrasonic hamwe n'icyuma gishyushya amashanyarazi zigomba kuba zifite ibikoresho byizewe byo gusiga hasi.
Ntugakoreshe icyuma gisukura gikoresheje ikoranabuhanga rigezweho (ultrasonic cleaner) nta kintu gisukura. Ntugakoreshe icyuma gisukura gikoresheje ikoranabuhanga rigezweho (ultrasonic filter) niba ikigega gisukura kituzuyemo amazi ahagije yo gusukura.
Ku bikoresho byo gusukura bifite ibikoresho bishyushya, icyuma gishyushya ntikigomba gukoreshwa iyo nta mazi arimo.
Ntugakubite hasi mu kigega cyo gusukura ibintu biremereye nk'ibice by'icyuma, kugira ngo wirinde kwangirika kw'udupira twa transducer.
Moteri ikora ikoranabuhanga igomba guhuzwa n'umuyoboro w'amashanyarazi wigenga wa 220V/50Hz, ufite icyuma gitera imbaraga zidasanzwe (voltage stabilizer) gifite ingufu zirenga 2000W.
Sukura hasi mu gikoresho cyo gusukura buri gihe kugira ngo wirinde imyanda myinshi n'umwanda wiyongera.
Mu gihe uhindura amazi yo gusukura, banza utangire sisitemu ya ultrasonic mbere yo gushyira ibintu mu gikoresho cyo gusukura.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Kamena-12-2026