Iyo umwuka winjiye mu mazi, kubera ko udashongeshwa n'amazi, ugabanywamo uduce twinshi tw'amazi bitewe n'ingufu zo hanze, bigatuma habaho sisitemu itandukanye. Iyo umwuka winjiye mu mazi ugahinduka ifuro, agace gahuza gazi n'amazi karazamuka, kandi ingufu z'umubiri nazo zizamuka uko bikwiye.
Ingingo yo hasi ihuye n'icyo dukunze kwita icyerekezo cy'ingenzi cya micelle (CMC). Kubwibyo, iyo icyerekezo cya surfactant kigeze kuri CMC, haba hari umubare uhagije wa molekile za surfactant muri sisitemu kugira ngo zifatanye neza ku buso bw'amazi, bigakora urwego rwa filime imwe rudafite icyuho. Ibi bigabanya imiterere y'ubuso bwa sisitemu. Iyo imiterere y'ubuso igabanutse, ingufu zikenewe kugira ngo ifuro rikoreshwe muri sisitemu nazo ziragabanuka, bigatuma ifuro ryoroha cyane.
Mu gukora no gukoresha mu buryo bufatika, kugira ngo habeho ihumure rya emulsions zateguwe mu gihe cyo kubika, ihumure rya surfactant rikunze kugabanywa hejuru y’ihumure rya micelle. Nubwo ibi byongera ihumure rya emulsions, bifite n’imbogamizi zimwe na zimwe. Surfactants nyinshi ntizigabanya gusa imbaraga z’ubuso bw’iyi sisitemu ahubwo zinatwikira umwuka winjira muri emulsion, bigatuma habaho firime ikomeye y’amazi, naho ku buso bw’amazi, hakabaho firime ya molekile ebyiri. Ibi bibangamira cyane ifuro risenyuka.
Ifuro ni ukwishyira hamwe kw'udupira twinshi, mu gihe agapira gakorwa iyo gazi itatanye mu mazi—gaze nk'igice gitatanye n'amazi nk'igice gikomeza. Gazi iri mu dupira ishobora kuva mu tuntu tubiri ijya mu tundi cyangwa igahungira mu kirere gikikije, bigatuma udupira duhurirana maze tukabura.
Ku mazi meza cyangwa surfactants gusa, bitewe n’uko imiterere yazo isa, firime y’ifuro ivamo ntigira uburimbane, bigatuma ifuro ridahinduka kandi rishobora kwikuraho ubwaryo. Inyigisho ya Thermodynamic ivuga ko ifuro rikorerwa mu mazi meza ari iry’igihe gito kandi rishira bitewe n’amazi yavuye mu firime.
Nkuko byavuzwe mbere, mu bitwikirizo bishingiye ku mazi, uretse uburyo bwo gutatanya (amazi), hariho n'ibitwikirizo byo gukurura polymer, hamwe n'ibitwikirizo, ibintu bitose, ibibyimba, n'ibindi bitwikirizo bishingiye ku bitwikirizo bishingiye ku bitwikirizo. Kubera ko ibi bintu bibaho muri sisitemu imwe, ifuro rishobora kubaho cyane, kandi ibi bice bimeze nk'ibitwikirizo birushaho gutuza ifuro ryakozwe.
Iyo ionic surfactants ikoreshejwe nk'ibinyabutabire, firime y'ibinyabutabire igira amashanyarazi menshi. Bitewe no kwirukanwa cyane hagati y'ibinyabutabire, ibinyabutabire birwanya kwishyira hamwe, bigahagarika inzira y'ibinyabutabire bito kwivanga mu binini hanyuma bigasenyuka. Kubera iyo mpamvu, ibi bibuza ifuro gukuraho kandi bigatuza ifuro.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Ugushyingo-06-2025