1. Surfactants mo le omea mautu
O le fa'amautuina o le omea e aofia ai vaega e lua: taofia le fulafula o minerale omea ma taofia le femalaga'i o vaega o minerale omea. Mo le puipuia o le fulafula o le omea, e mafai ona fa'aogaina ni surfactants cationic e pei o le amine salt type, quaternary ammonium salt type, pyridinium salt type, ma le imidazoline salt type. Mo le puipuia o le femalaga'i o vaega o minerale omea, e mafai ona fa'aogaina ni surfactants nonionic-cationic o lo'o i ai le fluorine.
2. Surfactants mo fua fa'atatau o le fa'asusu
Ina ia faʻaleleia atili le aafiaga o le acidizing, e masani lava ona manaʻomia le faʻaopoopoina o ni mea faʻaopoopo eseese i le vailaʻau acid. Soʻo se surfactant e fetaui ma le vailaʻau acid ma faigofie ona mitiia e le faʻatulagaga e mafai ona faʻaaogaina o se mea e taofia ai le acidizing. O faʻataʻitaʻiga e aofia ai fatty amine hydrochlorides, quaternary ammonium salts, ma pyridinium salts i totonu o cationic surfactants, faʻapea foʻi ma sulfonated, carboxymethylated, phosphate-esterified, poʻo le sulfate-esterified polyoxyethylene alkyl phenol ethers i totonu o amphoteric surfactants. O nisi surfactants, e pei o le dodecyl sulfonic acid ma ona alkylamine salts, e mafai ona emulsify le vailaʻau acid i totonu o le suāuʻu e fausia ai se emulsion acid-in-oil, lea, pe a faʻaaogaina o se vai galue acidizing, e iai foʻi sona sao e taofia ai.
O nisi surfactants e mafai ona galulue o ni demulsifiers mo vai fa'a'asu. O surfactants e iai se fausaga lālā, e pei o le polyoxyethylene-polyoxypropylene propylene glycol ether ma le polyoxyethylene-polyoxypropylene pentaethylenehexamine, e mafai uma ona avea o ni demulsifiers fa'a'asu.
O nisi surfactants e mafai ona galue o ni mea fa'aopoopo e fa'amamā ai le 'aseti ua fa'aalu. O surfactants e mafai ona fa'aaogaina o ni mea fa'aopoopo e fa'amamā ai e aofia ai ituaiga amine salt, quaternary ammonium salt, pyridinium salt, non-ionic, amphoteric, ma fluorinated surfactants.
O nisi surfactants e mafai ona avea o ni mea e taofia ai le palapala 'acidizing', e pei o surfactants e mafai ona sosolo i le suāuu e pei o le alkyl phenols, fatty acids, alkyl benzene sulfonic acids, ma quaternary ammonium salts. Talu ai e le lelei lo latou solubility i le acid, e mafai ona fa'aaoga non-ionic surfactants e fa'asalalauina ai i totonu o le vaila'au 'acid'.
Mo le fa'aleleia atili o le aafiaga o le fa'asusu, e tatau ona fa'aopoopo se vaila'au e fa'afo'i ai le susu i le vaila'au fa'asusu e fa'afo'i ai le susu o le vaega e lata ane i le lua mai le susu i le suāu'u i le susu i le vai. O paluga e pei o le polyoxyethylene-polyoxypropylene alkyl alcohol ether ma le phosphate-esterified polyoxyethylene-polyoxypropylene alkyl alcohol ether e mitiia e le fa'atulagaga o le vaega muamua o le fa'asusu, ma maua ai le aafiaga o le fa'afo'isia o le susu.
E le gata i lea, o loʻo i ai nisi o surfactants, e pei o fatty amine hydrochlorides, quaternary ammonium salts, poʻo non-ionic-anionic surfactants, ia e faʻaaogaina o ni foaming agents e saunia ai foam acid working fluids, e ausia ai faʻamoemoega o le faʻagesegese, taofia o le ele, ma le deep acidizing. I se isi itu, o ia foams e mafai ona saunia o ni pre-pads mo le acidizing, ia e tuiina i totonu o le fausaga aʻo leʻi oʻo i le acid solution. O le Jamin effect e mafua mai i bubbles i totonu o le foam e mafai ona faʻaliliuina le acid solution, ma faʻamalosia ai le acid e faʻataʻapeʻapeina vaega e maualalo le permeability ma faʻaleleia atili ai le acidizing effect.
Taimi na lafoina ai: Ianuari-06-2026