O mea fa'afefete e le ninionic o se vasega o mea fa'afefete e le fa'a'ona i vaifofo vai, ona e leai ni vaega o lo'o totogia o latou mole mole. A fa'atusatusa i mea fa'agata anionic, e fa'aalia e mea fa'afefete e le ninionic le sili atu o le emulsifying, susū, ma le fa'amamāina gafatia, fa'atasi ai ma le fa'apalepale lelei o le vai malo ma le fetaui ma isi fa'afefete fa'aitotonu. O nei meatotino e avea ai i latou ma vaega taua tele i vailaʻau faʻamama eseese ma faʻapipiʻi emulsifier.
I vaega o vaila'au i aso ta'itasi ma le fa'amamāina o fale gaosi oloa, e tele ni matafaioi a le surfactants nonionic. I tua atu o le avea o ni fesoasoani fa'amama, o lo'o fa'aaogaina lautele i oloa e pei o tagamea, vai fa'amama vai, fa'amama malō, vai fufulu ipu, ma fa'amamā kapeta. O lo latou mata'ina lelei e aveese ai le pisia ma le agamalu e lelei ai mo nei mea fa'amama.
O fale vali 'ie ma pa'u pa'u e taua tele mo le fa'aogaina o mea e le ninionic surfactants. O lo'o fa'afaigaluegaina i faiga e pei o le fa'asaoina o fulufulu mamoe, fufuluina, susu, ma le toe fa'asusuina o alava eseese, fa'apea fo'i le fa'a'ofuina o le cotton. E le gata i lea, latou te galulue e pei o le faʻamalieina o mea, vailaʻau faʻafefe, suauʻu faʻamautu, suauʻu silicone emulsifiers, ma mea e faʻamaeʻa ai ie, e taʻalo taua i le gaosiga o ie.
O lo'o fa'aogaina fo'i e le alamanuia u'amea fa'ato'a fa'atosina. O lo'o fa'aaogaina i faiga e pei o le fa'amaluluina o le alkaline, pikiina o le acid, togafitiga fa'afefe, fa'amama soli, fa'afefeteina emulsion, ma tineia, fesoasoani e fa'aleleia le lelei ma le lelei o le gaosiga o u'amea.
I le gaosiga o pepa ma le pulupulu alamanuia, e masani ona faʻaaogaina mea faʻafefeteina e pei o le deinking agents, resin control agents, ma sizing agents, faʻaleleia lelei le lelei o pepa ma le gaosiga lelei.
O lo'o fa'aaogaina e le alamanuia fa'ato'aga vaila'au fa'ato'aga e pei o ni fa'asalalauga, emulsifiers, ma susū susū e fa'aleleia ai le fa'atinoina o vailaau fa'asaina ma isi oloa fa'ato'aga. I totonu o pisinisi palasitika ma mea faʻapipiʻi, latou te fesoasoani i le polymerization emulsion, stabilizers emulsion, ma le susu ma le faʻasalalauina o mea.
O le atina'eina ole suau'u ole isi vaega taua ole fa'aoga mo so'o fa'asa'o. O loʻo faʻaaogaina e avea ma mea faʻapipiʻi faʻapitoa e pei o le paʻu o le shale, acidizing corrosion inhibitors, desulfurizing agents, drag reducers, corrosion inhibitors, dispersants, wax preventatives, ma demulsifiers, taʻalo le mafai ona suitulaga i le suauʻu suauʻu ma gaioiga.
E le gata i lea, o lo'o fa'aaogaina mea fa'afefete e le ninionic e fai ma mea fa'apipi'i ma fa'asusu i le gaosiga o le eletise; e pei o emulsifiers, antioxidants, anticoagulants, binders, ma lubricants i le gaosiga o vailaau; fa'atasi ma le fa'afu'a ma le fa'aputuina o mea i le gaosiga o le koale e fa'aleleia atili ai le fa'alelei; ma i le gaosiga o le pigmenti phthalocyanine e fa'amama le lapopo'a ma fa'amautu le ta'ape.
O le faʻaogaina o sufactants e le ninionic i luga o le tele o faʻaoga faʻapitoa e mafua mai i lo latou gafatia e suia meatotino o le kesi-suavai, vai-suavai, ma fesoʻotaʻiga vai-malosi, faʻamanuiaina i latou i galuega e pei o le foaming, defoaming, emulsification, dispersion, penetration, ma solubilization. Mai mea teuteu i le gaosiga o meaʻai, mai mea paʻu i alava gaosia, mai le vali ie i le gaosiga o vailaʻau, ma mai le faʻafefeteina o minerale e oʻo atu i le suauʻu, latou te aofia ai toetoe lava o vaega uma o galuega faʻapisinisi a tagata—ma maua ai le igoa o le "sili ona lelei le faʻaleleia o le tofo o fale gaosimea.
Taimi meli: Nov-21-2025