Kazhinji, nzira dzekudzivirira ngura dzinogona kukamurwa kuita mapoka makuru maviri:
1.Kusarudzwa kwakarurama kwezvinhu zvinodzivirira kuora uye mamwe matanho ekudzivirira
2.Kusarudza zvine musoro mashandiro uye zvimiro zvemidziyo
Kunyatsoomerera kumitemo yemaitiro mukugadzirwa kwemakemikari kunogona kubvisa zvisingakoshi corrosion phenomena. Nekudaro, kunyangwe kana zvinhu zvemhando yepamusoro-zvinodzivirira corrosion zvikashandiswa, maitiro asina kunaka ekushanda anogona kuramba achitungamira mukuora kwakanyanya.
1. Inorganic Corrosion Inhibitors.
Kazhinji, kuwedzera hushoma hwe corrosion inhibitors kune inoora nharaunda inogona kuderedza zvakanyanya kuderera kwesimbi. Aya ma inhibitors anowanzo kuiswa mumhando nhatu: inorganic, organic, uye vapor-phase inhibitors, imwe neimwe iine maitiro akasiyana.
• Anodic Inhibitors (inoderedza maitiro eanodic):
Izvi zvinosanganisira oxidizers (chromates, nitrites, iron ions, nezvimwewo) zvinokurudzira anodic passivation kana anodic filming agents (alkalis, phosphates, silicates, benzoates, etc.) zvinoumba mafirimu anodzivirira pane anode surface. Ivo vanonyanya kuita munharaunda yeanodic, vachiwedzera anodic polarization. Kazhinji, anodic inhibitors inoumba firimu rekudzivirira pane anode pamusoro, iyo inoshanda zvakanyanya asi inotakura imwe njodzi-isina kukwana dosi inogona kukonzera kusakwana kwekuvhara firimu, zvichisiya nzvimbo diki dzakafumurwa dzisina simbi dzine high anodic current density, zvichiita kuti pitting corrosion iwedzere.
• Cathodic Inhibitors (ita maererano necathodic reaction):
Mienzaniso inosanganisira calcium, zinc, magnesium, mhangura, uye manganese ions, iyo inobata ne hydroxide ions inogadzirwa pa cathode kuumba insoluble hydroxides. Aya anoumba mafirimu akakora pamusoro pecathode pamusoro, achivharira kupararira kweokisijeni uye kuwedzera kufungidzira polarization.
• Mixed Inhibitors (Dzvinyirira zvose anodic necathodic reactions):
Izvi zvinoda kuyedza kutsunga kweiyo optimal dosage.
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2.Organic Corrosion Inhibitors
Organic inhibitors inoshanda kuburikidza ne adsorption, ichigadzira isingaonekwe, molecular-gobvu firimu pamusoro pesimbi pamusoro iyo panguva imwe chete inodzvinyirira zvose anodic uye cathodic reactions (kunyangwe nekuita kwakasiyana). Zvakajairwa organic inhibitors zvinosanganisira nitrogen-, sulfur-, oxygen-, uye phosphorus-ine makomisheni. Maitiro avo ekushambadza anotsamira pane mamorekuru chimiro uye anogona kukamurwa se:
· Electrostatic adsorption
· Chemical adsorption
π-bond (delocalized electron) adsorption
Organic inhibitors inoshandiswa zvakanyanya uye inokurumidza kubuda, asi inewo zvipingamupinyi, zvakadai se:
· Kusvibiswa kwechigadzirwa (kunyanya mumashandisirwo ane chekuita nechikafu)—zvichiri kubatsira mune imwe pro
duction stage, vanogona kukuvadza mune imwe.
·Kudzivirirwa kwezvinoda kuita (semuenzaniso, kunonoka kubviswa kwefirimu panguva yekunhonga asidhi).
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3. Vapor-Phase Corrosion Inhibitors.
Izvi zvinhu zvinopisa zvakanyanya zvine corrosion-inhibiting inoshanda mapoka, anonyanya kushandiswa kuchengetedza simbi zvikamu panguva yekuchengetedza uye kutakura (kazhinji mune yakasimba fomu). Mhepo yavo inoburitsa mapoka anodzivirira ari mumhepo yemhepo, iyo inobva yashambadza pamusoro pesimbi kuti inonoke kuora.
Pamusoro pezvo, iwo adsorptive inhibitors, zvichireva kuti simbi yakachengetedzwa haidi kubviswa ngura pamberi.
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Nguva yekutumira: Oct-09-2025