1. I-Surfactant
Kukho iintlobo ezininzi zee-surfactants. Ngokwemveliso yazo, zezi: ii-anionic surfactants zi-56%, ii-non-ionic surfactants zi-36%, ii-amphoteric surfactants zi-5%, kwaye ii-cationic surfactants zi-3%.
2. I-surfactant engeyiyo i-ionic
Iintlobo eziphambili zee-surfactants ezingezizo i-ionic ziquka ii-alkylolamides (FFA), ii-polyoxyethylene ethers ezinamafutha (AE), kunye nee-alkylphenol polyoxyethylene ethers (APE okanye OP). Ii-surfactants ezingezizo i-ionic zineempawu ezintle ezifana nokunyibilika, ukucoca, iziphumo ze-antistatic, ukucaphuka okuphantsi, kunye nokusasazwa kwesepha ye-calcium. Zingasetyenziswa kuluhlu olubanzi lwe-pH xa kuthelekiswa nee-surfactants ze-ionic eziqhelekileyo. Ngaphandle kweempawu ze-detergent kunye ne-foaming, ezinye iindlela zazo zokusebenza zihlala zingcono kunee-surfactants ze-anionic eziqhelekileyo. Uvavanyo lubonise ukuba ukongeza inani elincinci lee-surfactants ezingezizo i-ionic kwi-surfactants ze-ionic kunokuphucula umsebenzi womphezulu wenkqubo xa kuthelekiswa iinkqubo ezinomxholo ofanayo wezithako ezisebenzayo.
Ii-Alkylolamides luhlobo lwe-surfactant engeyiyo ionic esebenza kakuhle, isetyenziswa ngokubanzi, kunye nokusetyenziswa rhoqo, okufumaneka rhoqo kwiisepha ezahlukeneyo zolwelo. Iinkcazo ezisetyenziswa kakhulu ze-alkylolamides kwiisepha zolwelo yi-"2:1 amide" kunye ne-"1.5:1 amide", kwaye i-"1:1 amide" nayo ingasetyenziswa. Ezi nkcazo zintathu zibonisa ukusebenza okwahlukileyo ngokweempawu zokunyibilika kwamanzi kunye nokutyeba. Ngokubanzi, i-"1.5:1 amide" iphakathi kwaye isetyenziswa kakhulu kwiisepha zokuhlamba izitya. Kwiimeko eziqhelekileyo, i-"1:1 amide" kulula ukuyinyibilikisa kuphela xa isetyenziswa kunye nezinye ii-surfactants ezinyibilikayo emanzini. Ii-Alkylolamides zifanelekile ngakumbi kwiisepha ze-alkaline kwaye zingasetyenziswa nakwiisepha zokucoca ezibuthathaka. Ii-Alkylolamides zezona zibiza kancinci phakathi kwee-surfactants ezingezizo ionic, ngexabiso le-7,800 yuan/ton ngo-2002. Ii-Alkylolamides zisetyenziswa rhoqo kune-fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene alcohols kwiisepha zokucoca ulwelo. Ii-surfactants ezingezizo i-ionic ezisetyenziswa kwiishampu zihlala ziyi-alkylolamides. Izizathu zingaba zezi zilandelayo: I-FFA inemisebenzi engcono okanye ebanzi kune-AE; ixabiso leemveliso ze-FFA liphantsi kunele-AE; ukunyibilika kwe-FFA kungcono kunele-AE; kwaye ipropathi ye-FFA yokufutha ingcono kuneye-AE.
2. I-Cationic surfactant
Iindidi eziqhelekileyo zee-surfactants ze-cationic ziquka i-cetyl dimethyl ammonium chloride (1631), i-octadecyl trimethyl ammonium chloride (1831), i-cationic guar gum (C-14S), i-cationic panthenol, i-cationic silicone oil, i-dodecyl dimethyl amine oxide (OB-2), njl. Ngokungafaniyo nezinye ii-surfactants, ii-cationic surfactants zineempawu ezimbi zokucoca kunye ne-foam, kwaye zihlala zinezinga elithile letyhefu ecaphukisayo (eliphantsi). Kwiisepha zolwelo, ii-cationic surfactants zisetyenziswa njengee-surfactants ezincedisayo - ii-conditioner agents ezinexabiso elincinci kakhulu kwiifomyula; zihlala zisetyenziswa kwiimveliso zezinga eliphezulu, ikakhulu kwii-shampoos. Ii-Cationic surfactants azihambelani ngokuthe ngqo nee-anionic surfactants. Nangona kukho ithuba leziphumo ezilungileyo xa ii-cations kunye nee-anions zihambelana, kukho umngcipheko omkhulu wokuna kwemvula (i-crystallization). Kukho iintlobo ezininzi zee-cationic surfactants ezisetyenziswa kwii-shampoos, kwaye ukusetyenziswa kwazo rhoqo kusasazeka - akugxininiswanga kuhlobo olunye okanye ezimbini, kwaye zihlala zenziwe zibe ziimveliso ze-conditioner agent. Isabelo semveliso ye-cationic surfactants phakathi kwe-surfactants sincinci, kwaye amaxabiso azo adla ngokubiza kakhulu kunezinye iintlobo ze-surfactants. Xa kuthelekiswa neentlobo ezahlukeneyo ze-surfactants, i-cationic surfactants inefuthe elibonakalayo lokuthambisa kunye nefuthe elinamandla le-bactericidal; nangona zingalunganga njengokungahlambuluki kakuhle, ukugqwala okungekho ngqiqweni, ukuhambelana okungekho ngqiqweni, ukurhawuzelelwa okuphezulu, kunye nexabiso eliphezulu, azinakutshintshwa zezinye iintlobo ze-surfactants njengee-conditioner agents kwi-shampoos zesepha yolwelo ephezulu. Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuba i-cationic surfactants inokusetyenziswa kuphela njengee-conditioner agents okanye ii-bactericides.
Ixesha lokuthumela: Feb-02-2026