Izinto Ezilawula Uzinzo Lwe-Emulsions
Kwimisebenzi ebonakalayo, ukuzinza kwe-emulsion kubhekisa kubuchule be-dispersed phase drops ukumelana ne-coalescence. Phakathi kwemilinganiselo yokulinganisa uzinzo lwe-emulsion, izinga le-coalescence phakathi kwama-dispersed drops libaluleke kakhulu; linokuqinisekiswa ngokulinganisa indlela inani lama-drops ngeyunithi nganye elitshintsha ngayo ivolumu ngokuhamba kwexesha. Njengoko ama-drops kwi-emulsion edibana abe makhulu kwaye ekugqibeleni akhokelela ekuqhekekeni, isantya sale nkqubo sixhomekeke kakhulu kwezi zinto zilandelayo: iipropati zomzimba zefilimu edibanisa ubuso, ukugxothwa kwe-electrostatic phakathi kwama-drops, isithintelo se-steric esivela kwiifilimu ze-polymer, i-viscosity yesigaba esiqhubekayo, ubungakanani be-droplet kunye nokusasazwa, umlinganiselo we-phase volume, ubushushu, njalo njalo.
Kwezi, ubume befilimu edibanisa ubuso, ukusebenzisana kombane, kunye nokuthintelwa kwe-steric zezona zinto zibalulekileyo.
(1) Iimpawu ezibonakalayo zeFilimu edibanisa ubuso
Ukungqubana phakathi kwamaconsi ahlukeneyo yimfuneko yokuhlangana. Ukungqubana kuqhubeka ngokungapheliyo, amaconsi amancinci ancipha abe makhulu de i-emulsion iqhekeke. Ngexesha lokungqubana nokudibana, amandla oomatshini efilimu ye-interfacial ye-droplet ema njengeyona nto iphambili ekuzinzeni kwe-emulsion. Ukuze ifilimu ye-interfacial ibe namandla amakhulu oomatshini, kufuneka ibe yifilimu ehambelanayo—iimolekyuli zayo ze-surfactant ezidityaniswe kunye ngamandla aqinileyo asecaleni. Ifilimu kufuneka ikwanokuqina okuhle, ukuze xa kwenzeka umonakalo okhoyo ngenxa yokungqubana kwamaconsi, ikwazi ukuzilungisa ngokwayo.
(2) Ukusebenzisana kombane
Imiphezulu yamaconsi kwi-emulsions inokufumana iintlawulo ezithile ngezizathu ezahlukeneyo: i-ionization ye-ionic surfactants, ukufunxwa kwee-ion ezithile kumphezulu we-droplet, ukungqubana phakathi kwamaconsi kunye nendawo ejikelezileyo, njl. Kwi-oyile-emanzini (O/W), ukutshaja kwamaconsi kudlala indima ebalulekileyo ekuthinteleni ukuhlanganiswa, ukuhlangana, kunye nokuqhekeka ekugqibeleni. Ngokwethiyori yozinzo lwe-colloid, amandla e-van der Waals adibanisa amaconsi; kodwa xa amaconsi esondela ngokusondeleyo ngokwaneleyo ukuba umphezulu wawo ube neengqimba ezimbini ukuze udibane, ukugxothwa kwe-electrostatic kuthintela ukusondelana ngakumbi. Ngokucacileyo, ukuba ukugxothwa kudlula ukutsala, amaconsi awanakukwazi ukungqubana aze adibane, kwaye i-emulsion ihlala izinzile; kungenjalo, ukudibana kunye nokuqhekeka kuyalandela.
Ngokuphathelele ii-emulsions zamanzi kwi-oyile (W/O), amathontsi amanzi athwala i-charge encinci, kwaye ngenxa yokuba isigaba esiqhubekayo sine-dielectric constant ephantsi kunye nomaleko ophindwe kabini otyebileyo, iziphumo ze-electrostatic zinempembelelo encinci kuphela kuzinzo.
(3) Uzinzo oluyiSteric
Xa iipolymers zisebenza njengeemulsifiers, umaleko we-interfacial uba mkhulu kakhulu, wenze isikhuselo esiqinileyo se-lyophilic esijikeleze ithontsi ngalinye—umqobo wendawo othintela amathontsi ukuba angasondeli aze adibane. Indalo ye-lyophilic yeemolekyuli zepolymer ikwabamba inani elikhulu lolwelo oluqhubekayo ngaphakathi komaleko okhuselayo, okwenza ukuba lube njengejeli. Ngenxa yoko, ummandla we-interfacial ubonisa i-viscosity ephezulu ye-interfacial kunye ne-viscoelasticity efanelekileyo, enceda ukuthintela ukudibana kwamathontsi kunye nokugcina uzinzo. Nokuba kwenzeka ukuhlangana okuthile, ii-polymer emulsifiers zihlala zihlangana kwindawo enciphileyo kwiifom ze-fibrous okanye ze-crystalline, zenze ifilimu ye-interfacial ibe nkulu kwaye ngaloo ndlela ithintele ukuhlangana okungakumbi.
(4) Ukufana koSasazo loBukhulu beDontsi
Xa umthamo othile wesigaba esisasazekileyo wahlulwe waba ngamathontsi anobukhulu obahlukeneyo, inkqubo equlathe amathontsi amakhulu inendawo encinci yokuhlangana kwaye ngaloo ndlela amandla aphantsi okuhlangana, nto leyo enika uzinzo olukhulu lwe-thermodynamic. Kwi-emulsion apho amathontsi amakhulu namancinci ahlala khona, amathontsi amancinci adla ngokuncipha ngelixa amakhulu ekhula. Ukuba olu tshintsho luyaqhubeka lungajongwanga, ekugqibeleni kuya kuqhekeka. Ngenxa yoko, i-emulsion enomlinganiselo omfutshane, ofanayo wokusasazwa kwamathontsi izinzile ngakumbi kuneleyo inomlinganiselo ofanayo wamathontsi kodwa ububanzi bayo bubanzi.
(5) Impembelelo yoBushushu
Ukutshintsha kobushushu kunokutshintsha uxinzelelo lwe-interfacial, iipropati kunye nokuqina kwefilimu ye-interfacial, ukunyibilika kwe-emulsifier kwizigaba ezibini, uxinzelelo lomphunga lwezigaba zolwelo, kunye nokuhamba kobushushu kwamaconsi asasazekileyo. Zonke ezi nguqu zinokuchaphazela ukuzinza kwe-emulsion kwaye zinokubangela ukuguqulwa okanye ukuqhekeka kwesigaba.
Ixesha leposi: Novemba-27-2025