Enqubweni yokukhiqiza imishini yensimbi, amafutha okugcoba ayizinto zokugcoba ezisetshenziselwa ukunciphisa ukumelana kokungqubuzana kwama-friction pair nokunciphisa ijubane lokuguguleka kwawo. Amafutha okugcoba nawo adlala indima efana nokupholisa, ukuhlanza, nokuvimbela ukungcola kwama-friction pair. Kodwa-ke, ukusetshenziswa kwamafutha okugcoba kungabangela amabala okugqwala, amabala okungcola ansundu namhlophe ebusweni bomkhiqizo, okungagcini nje ngokunciphisa ikhwalithi yokubukeka komkhiqizo, kodwa futhi kwandisa ubunzima bokucubungula okulandelayo, futhi kuthinte nokusebenza komkhiqizo.
Ukuze kuthuthukiswe ikhwalithi yomkhiqizo futhi kususwe amabala, kubalulekile ukutadisha izinqubo zokususa amafutha ebusweni kanye nokuhlanza. Ukwakheka kanye nezakhiwo zama-lubricant kubaluleke kakhulu ekususeni amafutha ebusweni kanye nokuhlanza. Amabala okungcola akhiwe ebusweni bensimbi angahlukaniswa ngezigaba ezintathu ngokuya ngezinto ezibangela ukungcola:
(1)Ukungcola kwamafutha – amafutha kanye nama-fatty acid;
(2)Ukungcola okuncibilika emanzini – ama-asidi e-organic nama-asidi angaphili;
(3) Ukungcola okuqinile – ama-oxide, izinhlayiya, uthuli, njll.
Izindlela ezivamile zokususa amafutha nokuhlanza izindawo zensimbi yilezi ezilandelayo:
1. Indlela yokusula: Ngokuvamile isetshenziswa ngesandla, ifanele ukuhlanza izingxenye eziyinkimbinkimbi kanye nokukhiqizwa komthamo omncane.
2. Indlela yokuklwebha: Ingahlanza ukungcola okunamathele kancane ebusweni, okufanelekela ukukhiqizwa ngobuningi obuncane.
3. Indlela yokuqola: Ingahlanza izikali ze-oxide, izinto eziphilayo, amafilimu e-alkali kanye namabala okugqwala ezindaweni zensimbi, kodwa inomphumela wokuguguleka ebusweni.
4. Indlela yokuhlanza isixazululo se-alkali: Isebenzisa umphumela we-saponification wesisombululo se-alkali ukususa ukungcola okungasuswa yi-saponifiable.
5. Indlela yokuhlanza i-organic solvent: Isebenzisa amandla okuncibilikisa e-organic solvents amafutha namafutha ukususa ukungcola, ngesikhathi esifushane sokuhlanza futhi kungekho ukugqwala kwezinsimbi, kodwa iningi le-organic solvents linobuthi.
6. Indlela yokuhlanza nge-ultrasonic: Iguqula amandla omsindo womthombo wokudlidliza nge-ultrasonic abe ukudlidliza komshini nge-transducer, ikhipha amagagasi e-ultrasonic kuketshezi lokuhlanza ethangini ngodonga lwethangi lokuhlanza, ukuze amabhamuza amancane kuketshezi olusethangini akwazi ukugcina ukudlidliza ngaphansi kwesenzo samagagasi omsindo, okubangela ukulimala kokukhathala kwengqimba yokungcola bese kuyisusa.
7. Indlela yokuhlanza i-emulsification, indlela yokuhlanza nge-electrolytic, njll.
Izindlela Ezivamile Zokusetshenziswa Kwezinto Zokuvikela Imvelo Ezimbonini Zokuhlanza
1. Ukuhlanza noma ukubhoboza izinga lokushisa legumbi: Yandisa isikhathi sokuhlanza ngokufanele, shukumisa kancane uhlaka lokuhlanza ngesikhathi sokuhlanza ukuqinisekisa ukuthintana okugcwele phakathi kwento yokusebenza kanye noketshezi lokuhlanza. Ngemva kokuhlanza, hlanza kahle ngamanzi ompompi bese womisa.
2. Ukufutha: Lungisa into yokuhlanza ngokwezinga elidingekayo, bese ubeka izinto ezizohlanzwa emshinini wokufutha.
3. Ukucwilisa okushisayo: Shisisa i-ejenti yokuhlanza esekwe emanzini elungisiwe ngokugxila okuthile ku-70-80°C ngokwesimo sangempela. Ngemva kokuhlanza imizuzu emi-5-15 (ukushukumisa kahle i-workpiece ngesikhathi sokuhlanza kungafeza umphumela wokuhlanza ongcono), hlanza kahle ngamanzi ompompi bese womisa.
4. Ukusula ngesandla: Ngokuvamile, nciphisa ikhambi lokuqala izikhathi eziyi-10-20 (kuye ngezimo ezithile), bese usebenzisa indwangu ecwiliswe ku-ejenti yokuhlanza exutshwe amanzi ukuze usule. Kungcono ukugqoka amagilavu ngesikhathi usula. Uma kuqhathaniswa nokuhlanza okuzenzakalelayo ngomshini wokuhlanza, ukusula ngesandla kudinga ukuhlushwa okuphezulu kwe-ejenti yokuhlanza.
5. Ukuhlanza nge-Ultrasonic: Shisa i-ejenti yokuhlanza exutshwe amanzi ibe yi-55-65°C usebenzisa umshini we-ultrasonic, hlanza imizuzu emi-3-10, bese ugeza kahle ngamanzi ompompi bese womisa.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Mashi-06-2026