He aha ke ʻano hana e hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia no ka pale ʻana i ka corrosion?

Ma keʻano laulā, hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia nā ʻano hana pale i ka corrosion i ʻelua mau ʻāpana nui:

1.​Koho pololei ʻana i nā mea pale i ka pala a me nā hana pale ʻē aʻe.

2. Ke koho ʻana i nā hana hana kūpono a me nā ʻano lako.

ʻO ka pili pono ʻana i nā lula hana i ka hana kemika hiki ke hoʻopau i nā hanana pala pono ʻole. Eia nō naʻe, inā hoʻohana ʻia nā mea pale i ka pala kiʻekiʻe, hiki i nā kaʻina hana kūpono ʻole ke alakaʻi i ka pala nui.

1. Nā mea pale i ka palaho inorganic,

ʻO ka maʻamau, ʻo ka hoʻohui ʻana i kahi liʻiliʻi o nā mea pale i ka pala i kahi kaiapuni pala hiki ke hoʻolohi nui i ka pala metala. Hoʻokaʻawale nui ʻia kēia mau mea pale i ʻekolu ʻano: nā mea pale inorganic, organic, a me nā mea pale vapor-phase, kēlā me kēia me nā ʻano hana like ʻole.

• Nā mea pale ʻanodic (e hoʻolohi i ke kaʻina hana anodic):

ʻO kēia mau mea e komo pū ana me nā oxidizers (chromates, nitrites, ions hao, a pēlā aku) e paipai ana i ka passivation anodic a i ʻole nā ​​​​​​mea hana kiʻiʻoniʻoni anodic (alkalis, phosphates, silicates, benzoates, a pēlā aku) e hana ana i nā kiʻiʻoniʻoni pale ma ka ʻili anode. Hoʻopili nui lākou ma ka ʻāpana anodic, e hoʻonui ana i ka polarization anodic. ʻO ka mea maʻamau, hana nā mea hoʻopaʻa anodic i kahi kiʻiʻoniʻoni pale ma ka ʻili anode, he mea kūpono loa ia akā he pilikia kekahi—ʻo ka lawa ʻole o ka dosage e hopena i ka uhi ʻana o ka kiʻiʻoniʻoni piha ʻole, e waiho ana i nā wahi metala liʻiliʻi i hōʻike ʻia me ke kiʻekiʻe o ke au anodic, e ʻoi aku ka nui o ka pitting corrosion.

• Nā mea pale Cathodic (hana ma ka hopena cathodic):

ʻO nā laʻana e komo pū me ka calcium, zinc, magnesium, keleawe, a me nā manganese ions, ka mea e hana pū me nā hydroxide ions i hana ʻia ma ka cathode e hana i nā hydroxides hiki ʻole ke hoʻoheheʻe ʻia. Hoʻokumu kēia mau mea i nā ʻiliʻili mānoanoa ma ka ʻili cathode, e ālai ana i ka hoʻolaha ʻana o ka oxygen a hoʻonui i ka polarization concentration.

• Nā mea hoʻopale i hui ʻia (kāohi i nā hopena anodic a me cathodic):

Pono kēia mau mea e hoʻoholo ai i ka dosage kūpono loa.

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2. Nā mea pale i ka palaho kūlohelohe​

Hana nā mea hoʻopaʻa organik ma o ka adsorption, e hana ana i kahi ʻili ʻike ʻole ʻia, mānoanoa molekala ma luna o ka ʻili metala e kāohi like ana i nā hopena anodic a me cathodic (ʻoiai me ka hopena like ʻole). ʻO nā mea hoʻopaʻa organik maʻamau e komo pū me nā hui nitrogen-, sulfur-, oxygen-, a me phosphorus. Pili kā lākou mau ʻano adsorption i ka hoʻonohonoho molekala a hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia penei:

· Hoʻopili uila

· Hoʻopili kemika

· Hoʻopili ʻana o ka pilina π (elektrone i hoʻokaʻawale ʻia)

Hoʻohana nui ʻia nā mea hoʻopale organik a ulu wikiwiki, akā he mau hemahema nō hoʻi ko lākou, e like me:

· Hoʻohaumia huahana (ʻoi aku hoʻi i nā noi e pili ana i ka meaʻai) - ʻoiai he pono i hoʻokahi pro

ke kahua hana, hiki iā lākou ke lilo i mea ʻino i kekahi kahua ʻē aʻe.

· Ka pale ʻana i nā hopena i makemake ʻia (e laʻa, ka hoʻolohi ʻana i ka wehe ʻana o ka ʻili i ka wā o ka pickling acid).

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3. Nā mea pale i ka palaho ʻana o ka mahu,

He mau mea lele loa kēia e loaʻa ana nā hui hana pale i ka palaho, i hoʻohana nui ʻia e pale i nā ʻāpana metala i ka wā e mālama ai a me ka lawe ʻana (pinepine i ke ʻano paʻa). Hoʻokuʻu ko lākou mau mahu i nā hui pale ikaika i ka makū o ka lewa, a laila e hoʻopili ʻia ma luna o ka ʻili metala e hoʻolohi i ka palaho.

Eia kekahi, he mau mea hoʻopale adsorptive lākou, ʻo ia hoʻi, ʻaʻole pono ka wehe ʻana o ka ʻili metala i pale ʻia i ka popo ma mua.

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