Isebenza njani i-oyile demulsifier?

Indlela ekrwadaiidemulsifiers zeoliisekelwe kwithiyori ye-phase inversion-reverse deformation. Emva kokongeza i-demulsifier, ukuguqulwa kwesigaba kwenzeka, ukuvelisa i-surfactants evelisa uhlobo lwe-emulsion oluchasene nolo lwenziwe ngu-emulsifier (reverse demulsifier). Ezi demulsifiers zisebenzisana kunye ne-hydrophobic emulsifiers ukwenza ii-complexes, ngaloo ndlela zingathathi hlangothi iipropati ze-emulsifying. Enye indlela kukugqabhuka kwefilimu ngokudibana kobuso ngokungqubana. Ngaphantsi kokufudumeza okanye ukuphazamiseka, ii-demulsifiers zihlala zingqubuzana nefilimu edibeneyo ye-emulsion-inokuba i-adsorbing kuyo okanye isusa iimolekyuli ze-surfactant-ezenza ifilimu ingasebenzi kakuhle, ekhokelela kwi-flocculation, coalescence, kunye ne-demulsification ekugqibeleni.

 

I-emulsions yeoli ekrwada idla ngokuvela ngexesha lokuveliswa kweoli kunye nokucokiswa. Uninzi lweoli ekrwada yehlabathi iveliswa ngohlobo lwe-emulsified. I-emulsion iqulathe ubuncinci ulwelo ezimbini ezingaguqukiyo, apho enye isasazwe njengamathontsi acoleke kakhulu (malunga ne-1 mm ububanzi) anqunyanyisiwe kwelinye.

 

Ngokuqhelekileyo, olunye lwezi ziselo ngamanzi, kwaye olunye luyi-oyile. Ioli inokuchithwa kakuhle emanzini, yenze i-emulsion ye-oyile emanzini (O / W), apho amanzi ayisigaba esiqhubekayo kunye neoli yinqanaba elichithwayo. Ngokwahlukileyo, ukuba ioli yinqanaba eliqhubekayo kwaye amanzi ahlakazwa, enza i-emulsion yamanzi kwi-oyile (W / O). Uninzi lwe-emulsions yeoli ekrwada yolo hlobo lokugqibela.

 

Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, uphando malunga neendlela zokuchithwa kwe-oyile ekrwada kugxininise kuqwalaselo oluneenkcukacha lwe-droplet coalescence kunye nefuthe le-demulsifiers kwi-rheology ye-interfacial. Nangona kunjalo, ngenxa yobunzima bentsebenziswano ye-demulsifier-emulsion, ngaphandle kophando olubanzi, akukabikho ithiyori edibeneyo kwindlela yokususa i-demulsification.

 

Iindlela ezininzi ezamkelwe ngokubanzi ziquka:

I-1.I-Molecule displacement: Iimolekyuli ze-Demulsifier zithatha indawo ye-emulsifiers kwi-interface, iphazamisa i-emulsion.

I-2.I-Wrinkle deformation: Izifundo zeMicroscopic zibonisa i-emulsions ye-W / O inemigangatho yamanzi ephindwe kabini okanye amaninzi ahlukaniswe ngamakhonkco eoli. Phantsi kokufudumeza, ukuphithizela, kunye nesenzo sokususa i-demulsifier, ezi maleko ziyadibana, zibangele ukuhlangana kwamathontsi.

Ukongezelela, uphando lwasekhaya kwiinkqubo ze-emulsion ze-O/W lucebisa ukuba i-demulsifier efanelekileyo kufuneka ihlangabezane nale migaqo ilandelayo: umsebenzi oqinileyo womphezulu, ukumanzisa okulungileyo, ukukwazi ukujikeleza okwaneleyo, kunye nokusebenza okusebenzayo kokubambisana.

 

Iidemulsifiers zinokuhlelwa ngokusekelwe kwiintlobo ze-surfactant:

•Anionic demulsifiers: Bandakanya carboxylates, sulfonates, kunye polyoxyethylene fatty sulfates. Azisebenzi kangako, zifuna iidosi ezinkulu, kwaye zinovelwano kwi-electrolytes.

•I-Cationic demulsifiers: Ikakhulu iityuwa ze-ammonium ze-quaternary, zisebenza kwi-oyile elula kodwa ayifanelekanga kwi-oyile enzima okanye endala.

•I-Nonionic demulsifiers: Bandakanya iipolyetha zebhloko eziqaliswe zii-amines okanye ii-alcohols, i-alkylphenol resin block polyethers, i-phenol-amine resin block polyethers, i-silicone-based demulsifiers, i-ultra-high molecular weight demulsifiers, ii-polyphosphates, ii-polyethers zebhloko ezilungisiweyo, kunye ne-oyile ye-zwitterionic izidimulisi).