Intsimbi ekrwada ibeneficiation yinkqubo yokuvelisa elungisa imathiriyeli ekrwada yokunyibilikiswa kwesinyithi kunye neshishini lemichiza, kwaye i-froth flotation ibe yeyona ndlela ibalulekileyo yokuzuza. Phantse yonke imithombo yezimbiwa inokwahlulwa kusetyenziswa iflotation.
Okwangoku, i-flotation isetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwi-beneficiation yesinyithi-ngokuyinhloko isinyithi kunye ne-manganese-njenge-hematite, i-smithsonite, kunye ne-ilmenite; amatye anqabileyo njengegolide nesilivere; isinyithi ezingenayo i-ferrous ezifana nobhedu, i-lead, i-zinc, i-cobalt, i-nickel, i-molybdenum, kunye ne-antimony, kuquka i-sulfide minerals efana ne-galena, i-sphalerite, i-chalcopyrite, i-bornite, i-molybdenite, kunye ne-pentlandite, kunye neeminerali ze-oxide ezifana ne-malachite, i-cerussite, i-hemissiteritemorphite, kunye ne-calferitemorphite. Ikwasetyenziselwa iiminerali zetyuwa ezingezizo ezentsimbi ezifana ne-fluorite, i-apatite, kunye ne-barite, iiminerali zetyuwa ezinyibilikayo ezifana ne-potash kunye netyuwa yelitye, kunye neeminerali ezingezizo ezentsimbi kunye neeminerali ze-silicate ezifana namalahle, igraphite, isulfure, idayimane, i-quartz, i-mica, i-feldspar, i-beryl, kunye ne-spodumene.
I-Flotation iqokelele amava abanzi kwinkalo yenzuzo, kunye nenkqubela phambili yetekhnoloji. Izimbiwa ebezikade zijongwa njengezingenaxabiso kwimizi-mveliso ngenxa yomgangatho ophantsi okanye ubume obuntsonkothileyo ngoku ziyafunyanwa (njengezibonelelo zesibini) ngokujikeleza.
Njengoko imithombo yezimbiwa isiya iyancipha ngakumbi, kunye neeminerali eziluncedo ezisasazwa ngokucokisekileyo nangokucokisekileyo ngaphakathi kwee-ore, ubunzima bokwahlukana bukhulile. Ukunciphisa iindleko zokuvelisa, amashishini afana nezixhobo zetsimbi kunye neekhemikhali ziye zabeka imigangatho ephezulu yomgangatho kunye neemfuno ezichanekileyo zokucubungula izinto eziluhlaza-oko kukuthi, iimveliso ezihlukeneyo.
Kwelinye icala, kukho imfuneko yokuphucula umgangatho, kwaye kwelinye, umceli mngeni wokwahlula izimbiwa ezicolekileyo zenze ukuba i-flotation iphakame ngakumbi kunezinye iindlela, imisela njengeyona ndlela isetyenziswayo nethembisayo yokuxhamla namhlanje. Ekuqaleni isetyenziswe kwiiminerali ze-sulfide, i-flotation iye yanda ngokuthe ngcembe ukuze ibandakanye iiminerali ze-oxide kunye neeminerali ezingezizo ezentsimbi. Namhlanje, umthamo wonyaka wehlabathi wezimbiwa olungiswa ngokujikeleza udlula iitoni zebhiliyoni eziliqela.
Kumashumi eminyaka akutshanje, ukusetyenziswa kwetekhnoloji ye-flotation iye yanda ngaphaya kobunjineli bokulungiswa kwezimbiwa ukuya kwimimandla efana nokhuseleko lokusingqongileyo, isinyithi, ukwenza iphepha, ezolimo, iikhemikhali, ukutya, izixhobo, amayeza kunye nebhayoloji.
Imizekelo ibandakanya ukubuyiswa kwe-flotation yamacandelo axabisekileyo ukusuka kwiimveliso eziphakathi kwi-pyrometallurgy, i-volatiles, kunye ne-slag; ukubuyiswa kwe-flotation yeentsalela ze-leaching kunye nokufuduswa kwe-hydrometallurgy; ukusetyenziswa kweflotation kushishino lwekhemikhali ukukhupha i-inki yephepha elisetyenziswe ngokutsha kunye nokubuyisela iintsinga kutywala obumdaka; kunye nokusetyenziswa kobunjineli bendalo esingqongileyo okuqhelekileyo njengokukhupha i-oyile ekrwada enzima kwintlenga engasemlanjeni, ukwahlula ungcoliseko olucolekileyo oluqinileyo kumanzi amdaka, kunye nokususa i-colloids, ibhaktiriya, kunye nokulandela ukungcola kwesinyithi.
Ngophuculo lweenkqubo kunye neendlela zokudada, kunye nokuvela kwezinto ezintsha, ezisebenza kakuhle kakhulu ezisebenza ngokufanelekileyo ukuphaphazela kunye nezixhobo, ukuphaphazela kuya kufumana usetyenziso olubanzi ngakumbi kuwo wonke amashishini kunye namasimi. Nangona kunjalo, kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuba ukusetyenziswa kwe-flotation kubandakanya iindleko eziphezulu zokusebenza (xa kuthelekiswa nokwahlulwa kwemagnethi okanye ubunzima), iimfuno ezingqongqo zobungakanani bamasuntswana okutya, izinto ezininzi eziphembelelayo kwinkqubo yokudada efuna ukuchaneka okuphezulu kokusebenza, kunye neengozi ezinokubakho kokusingqongileyo kumanzi amdaka aqulathe ii-reagents ezishiyekileyo.
Ixesha lokuposa: Nov-14-2025