I-Flotation, ekwaziwa ngokuba yi-froth flotation okanye i-mineral flotation, yindlela yokunceda eyahlula iiminerali zexabiso kwiminerali ye-ganggue kumdibaniso oqinileyo wegesi-ulwelo ngokuxhaphaza iiyantlukwano zomphezulu weempawu ezahlukeneyo zezimbiwa kwintsimbi ekrwada. Ikwabizwa ngokuba “kukwahlulwa kobuso phakathi kobuso.” Nayiphi na inkqubo esebenzisa ngokuthe ngqo okanye ngokungathanga ngqo iipropati ze-interfacial ukuphumeza ukuhlukana kwamasuntswana ngokusekelwe kwiiyantlukwano zeempawu zomphezulu we-mineral particles kuthiwa yi-flotation.
Iipropathi zomphezulu wezimbiwa zibhekiselele kwiimpawu ezibonakalayo kunye neekhemikhali zamasuntswana ezimbiwa, ezinjengokumanzi komphezulu, intlawulo yomphezulu, iintlobo zeebhondi zekhemikhali, ukugcwala, kunye nokusebenza kwakhona kweeathom ezingaphezulu. Amasuntswana amaminerali ahlukeneyo abonisa ukuhluka okuthile kwiipropathi zawo zomhlaba. Ngokusebenzisa le yantlukwano kunye nokusebenzisa intsebenziswano phakathi kobuso, ukwahlulwa kwezimbiwa kunye nokutyebisa kunokufezekiswa. Ngoko ke, inkqubo yokujikeleza ibandakanya i-gas-liquid-solid interface yesigaba sesithathu.
Iipropati zomphezulu weeminerali zinokutshintshwa ngokufanelekileyo ukuze kuphuculwe iiyantlukwano phakathi kwamasuntswana amaminerali axabisekileyo kunye ne-ganggue, ngaloo ndlela kube lula ukwahlula kwabo. Kwi-flotation, ii-reagents zihlala zisetyenziselwa ukuguqula iipropathi zomphezulu weeminerali, ukwandisa ukungafani kwiimpawu zabo zomphezulu kunye nokulungelelanisa okanye ukulawula i-hydrophobicity yazo. Olu qheliso lulawula ukuziphatha kokujikeleza kwezimbiwa ukuze kuphunyezwe iziphumo ezingcono zokwahlukana. Ngenxa yoko, ukusetyenziswa kunye nokuqhubela phambili kwetekhnoloji ye-flotation ibotshelelwe ngokusondeleyo kuphuhliso lwee-reagents zokudada.
Ngokungafaniyo noxinaniso okanye ukuchaphazeleka kwemagnethi-iipropati zeminerali ekunzima kakhulu ukuziguqula-iipropati zomphezulu we-mineral particles zinokuthi zilungelelaniswe ngokufanelekileyo ukuze zenze umahluko oyimfuneko phakathi kweeminerali ukwenzela ukwahlula okusebenzayo. Ngenxa yoko, iflotation isetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwimineral beneficiation kwaye isoloko ithathwa njengendlela yokuzuza jikelele. Isebenza ngokukodwa kwaye isetyenziselwa kakhulu ukwahlula izinto ezintle kunye ne-ultra-fine.
Ixesha lokuposa: Nov-13-2025