Ngā Pūrongo

1. Te mahi whakamakuku (Me whai HLB: 7-9)

Ko te mākū e pā ana ki te āhuatanga e whakakapia ai te hau e piri ana ki te mata totoka ki te wai. Ko ngā matū e whakarei ake ana i tēnei āheinga whakakapinga ka kiia he mākū. E toru ngā momo o te mākū: te mākū whakapā (mākū piri), te mākū rumaki (mākū uru), me te mākū horapa (horapa).

I roto i ēnei, ko te horapa te paerewa teitei rawa atu o te mākū, ā, ko te tauwehenga horapa te mea e whakamahia whānuitia ana hei tohu mō te mahi mākū i waenga i ngā pūnaha.

Hei tāpiri, ko te koki pa he paearu anō hoki mō te aromatawai i te whai huatanga o te whakamakuku.

Mā te whakamahinga o ngā surfactants ka taea te whakahaere i te nui o te mākū i waenga i ngā wai me ngā mea totoka.

I roto i te umanga patu pepeke, kei roto i ētahi paura me ngā kirikiri hei rehu he nui ngā matū horoi. Ko tā rātou mahi he whakapai ake i te piri me te whakatakotoranga o te matū ki runga i te mata kua rongoatia, he whakanui ake i te tere tuku me te horapa o ngā matū hohe i raro i ngā āhuatanga makuku, me te whakapai ake i ngā pānga ārai me te whakahaere mate.

I roto i te umanga whakapaipai, hei emulsifier, he wāhanga nui ia i roto i ngā hua tiaki kiri pērā i ngā kirīmi, ngā hinu horoi, ngā horoi me ngā tango meika.

2. Ngā mahi whakahuka me te whakakore huka

E whakamahia whānuitia ana hoki ngā matū horoi i roto i te umanga rongoā. I roto i ngā hanganga rongoā, he maha ngā rongoā kāore e tino wairewa pērā i ngā hinu mimiti, te cellulose wairewa-ngako, me ngā homoni steroidal ka taea te hanga i ngā otinga mārama me te whakanui ake i te kukū mā te mahi wairewa o ngā matū horoi.

I te wā e whakarite ana i ngā rongoā, he mea nui ngā matū horoi hei emulsifier, hei whakamakuku, hei whakatārewatanga, hei whakahuka, hei whakakore huka hoki. Ko te pahuka he hau e karapotia ana e te kiriata wai angiangi. Ka taea e ētahi matū horoi te hanga kiriata o te kaha ki te wai, ka karapoti i te hau hei hanga pahuka, e whakamahia ana i roto i te whakamānutanga kohuke, te tinei ahi pahuka, me te horoi. Ka kiia ēnei matū he matū horoi.

I ētahi wā ka hiahiatia ngā mea whakakore huka. I roto i te mahi whakamahine huka me te hanga rongoā tuku iho Hainamana, ka raru pea te pahuka nui. Ko te tāpiri i ngā matū horoi e tika ana ka whakaiti i te kaha o te kiriata, ka whakakore i ngā mirumiru, ā, ka ārai i ngā aituā.

3. Mahi whakatārewatanga (Whakaū whakatārewatanga)

I roto i te umanga patu pepeke, e hiahiatia ana he nui o ngā matū horoi i roto i ngā paura makuku, ngā matū kukū emulsified, me ngā matū horoi kukū. Nā te mea he maha ngā matū hohe i roto i ngā paura makuku he matū waro hydrophobic, e hiahiatia ana ngā matū horoi hei whakaiti i te taumahatanga o te mata o te wai, kia taea ai te makuku o ngā matūriki rongoā me te hanganga o ngā wairewa wai.

Ka whakamahia ngā matū horoi i roto i te whakamānutanga o ngā kohuke hei whakatutuki i te pumau o te whakatārewatanga. Mā te whakaoho me te pupuhi i te hau mai i te raro o te tāke, ka huihui ngā mirumiru e mau ana i te paura kohuke whai hua ki te mata, ka kohia, ka tangohia hoki hei whakapūmau, ka tutuki ai te whakanikoniko. Ka noho tonu te onepu, te paru, me ngā toka kāore he kohuke ki raro, ā, ka tangohia i ia wā.

Ina kapihia te 5% o te mata o te onepu kohuke e te kaikohi, ka noho hei ātete wai, ka piri ki ngā mirumiru, ka piki ake ki te mata hei kohi. Ka whiriwhiria te kaikohi tika kia piri noa ōna rōpū ātete wai ki te mata o te onepu kohuke, ko ngā rōpū ātete wai e anga ana ki te wai.

4. Te patu huakita me te whakahoromata

I roto i te umanga rongoā, ka taea te whakamahi i ngā matū horoi hei patu huakita me hei patu paturopi. Ko ō rātou pānga patu huakita me te whakahoromata ka puta mai i ngā taunekeneke kaha ki ngā pūmua biofilm huakita, ka puta te denaturation, te ngaronga rānei o te mahi.

He tino wairewa ēnei patu huakita i roto i te wai, ā, ka taea te whakamahi i ngā kukū rerekē mō:

·Te patu huakita kiri i mua i te pokanga

·Te patu huakita i te patunga, i te kiriuhi rānei

·Te whakahoromata i ngā taputapu

·Te patu huakita taiao

5. Te horoi me te mahi horoi

He tukanga uaua te tango i ngā paru hinu e pā ana ki te mākū, te pahuka, me ētahi atu mahi kua whakahuatia ake nei.

I te nuinga o te wā, he maha ngā wāhanga āwhina kei roto i ngā hopi horoi hei:

·Whakarei ake i te makuku o te mea e horoia ana

·Whakaputa pahuka

· Whakaratohia ngā pānga kanapa

· Ārai i te whakatakotoranga anō o te paru

·Ko te tukanga horoi o ngā matū horoi hei wāhanga matua e whai ake nei:

He nui te mānukanuka o te mata o te wai, ā, he ngoikore te kaha ki te whakamakuku i ngā paru hinuhinu, ā, he uaua ki te tango. Whai muri i te tāpiri i ngā matū horoi, ka anga atu ō rātou rōpū wai-pōrearea ki ngā mata o te kakahu, ka mimiti i te paru, ka āta tangohia ngā poke. Ka noho tonu te paru i roto i te wai, ka mānu rānei ki te mata me te pahuka i mua i te tangohanga, i te mea ka pania te mata ma ki ngā ngota matū horoi.

Hei whakamutunga, me mārama ko ngā matū horoi matū ehara i te mea ka mahi mā te tikanga kotahi engari mā te hononga o ngā āhuatanga maha.

Hei tauira, i roto i te umanga pepa, ka taea e rātou te mahi hei:

·Ngā kai tunu kai

·Ngā kai tango waituhi pepa para

·Ngā kaihoko rahi

·Ngā kaihoko whakahaere arai kapia

·Ngā Kaiwhakakore Huka

·Ngā Whakangawari

·Ngā kaihoko ārai-pūmau

·Ngā aukati tauine

·Ngā mea whakangawari

·Ngā kai whakakore hinu