Kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala oyezera utoto wofalikira mu utoto wa polyester

Utoto wothira utoto umagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka popaka utoto wa ulusi wosagwirizana ndi madzi monga polyester, spandex, nayiloni, ndi ulusi wa acetate. Chifukwa cha kupita patsogolo kosalekeza kwa ukadaulo wopaka utoto wa ulusi, mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya zinthu zoyezera yapita patsogolo kwambiri.

1. Wothandizira kuleza utoto wotentha kwambiri

Pogwiritsa ntchito utoto wosakanikirana popaka utoto wotentha kwambiri komanso wopanikizika kwambiri, utoto wosafanana nthawi zambiri umachitika chifukwa cha zinthu monga kusabalalika bwino, kulinganiza bwino, komanso kusamuka kwa utoto, komanso kusalamulira bwino kutentha. Makamaka, ulusi wa polyester wokana bwino uli ndi kachulukidwe kakang'ono kwambiri komanso malo ochulukirapo, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti utotowo ukhale wochepa kwambiri. Kuphatikiza apo, kapangidwe ka nsalu yolimba kamapangitsa kuti utotowo ukhale wovuta kulowa bwino, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti utotowo ukhale wosiyana kwambiri poyerekeza ndi ulusi wamba wa polyester. Kugwiritsa ntchito zinthu zosakanikirana ndi kutentha kwambiri popaka utoto kungathandize kuti nsaluyo ikhale yofanana komanso kuonjezera ubwino wa chinthucho.

Kawirikawiri, pa utoto wosakanikirana ndi ma ionic, ma surfactants omwe si a ionic angagwiritsidwe ntchito ngati ma leveling agents. Awiriwa amatha kupanga kuphatikiza kwa hydrophobic, komwe kumachepetsa liwiro la utoto kuti akwaniritse cholinga chofanana. Pakati pa mamolekyulu a ma leveling agents omwe si a ionic, ma surfactants a polyoxyethylene ester ali ndi makhalidwe abwino olinganiza kuposa ma surfactants a polyoxyethylene ether (kugwirizana kwa kapangidwe ka ester ka polyester ndi kwakukulu kuposa kapangidwe ka ether), ndipo ma surfactants okhala ndi mphete za benzene ali ndi makhalidwe abwino olinganiza kuposa ma surfactants a aliphatic.

Komabe, ma surfactants osagwiritsa ntchito ionic amatha kutaya madzi m'thupi akamapaka utoto wa polyester kutentha kwambiri, ndipo kuphatikizana pakati pa unyolo wa oxyethylene ndi magulu monga hydroxyl ndi amino mu mamolekyu a utoto ndi kulowetsedwa kwa thupi, kopanda mphamvu zapakati pa mamolekyu, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti kufalikira ndi kusungunuka kusakhale bwino. Kugwiritsa ntchito ma surfactants osagwiritsa ntchito ionic okhala ndi mtambo wotsika kungayambitse kusonkhana kwa utoto. Popeza ma surfactants a anionic amatha kumizidwa pamwamba pa tinthu ta utoto kuti apange gawo lamphamvu la negative charge, pali kukana kwamphamvu kwamagetsi pakati pa tinthu ta utoto, ndikupanga mkhalidwe wosasunthika wofalikira. Ali ndi mphamvu yayikulu yogawanitsa ma polima ogwirizana a utoto wosakanikirana, motero amachepetsa kusonkhana kwawo ndikusunga utoto wokhazikika mu bafa la utoto, zomwe zimatha kuthetsa vuto la mawanga a utoto omwe amayamba chifukwa cha kusonkhana kwa utoto chifukwa cha malo otsika a mitambo a ma surfactants osagwiritsa ntchito ionic.

Zinthu zoyezera kutentha kwambiri zomwe zimagwira ntchito bwino kwambiri zimawonjezeka pogwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zogwirizanitsa komanso zowonjezera za ma surfactants osakhala a ionic ndi ma surfactants a anionic, komwe mapangidwe osiyanasiyana a gawo lililonse ali ndi ntchito zosiyanasiyana. Pali zinthu zambiri zoyezera kutentha kwambiri zomwe zimaphatikizidwa ndi ma surfactants a anionic/osakhala a ionic (ena amawonjezeranso zonyamulira zina). Mapangidwe osiyanasiyana a gawo lililonse ali ndi ntchito zosiyanasiyana, zomwe zitha kugawidwa m'magulu awa: 1) Kapangidwe ka ethoxy kakhoza kugwira utoto wofalikira panthawi yopaka utoto, kuwonjezera malo opaka utoto a utoto, ndikuchedwetsa utoto; 2) Kutentha kwa utoto kukafika pamtengo wofunikira, kapangidwe kake ka aromatic compound kangapangitse ulusi wa polyester kupangika mwachangu ndikutupa, kuchepetsa kutentha kwa galasi la polyester ndi 20-25.℃, kumawonjezera kwambiri ma pores mu ulusi, kumathandiza utoto kuti upange utoto mwachangu komanso mwamphamvu pa ulusi, ndipo nthawi yomweyo, umagwira ntchito ngati chosungunulira utoto kuti utoto womwe uli mu ulusi utuluke mosalekeza kuchokera ku ulusi ndikusamuka moonekera bwino (kusuntha kwa utoto) kuti ukwaniritse zotsatira zofananira.

Zinthu zina zopangidwa ndi ma surfactants zimakhala ndi mphamvu zambiri zotulutsa thovu, zomwe zingayambitse mavuto mosavuta mumakina opaka utoto mwachangu komanso utoto wochepa wa bafa. Chifukwa chake, zinthu zoyezera thovu lochepa zimafunika. Mayankho ake ndi awa: kuwonjezera ma defoamers, makamaka ma silicone defoamers, omwe amagwira ntchito bwino kwambiri kutentha kwambiri; kugwiritsa ntchito njira ya copolymerization ya ethylene oxide ndi propylene oxide kuti mupeze zinthu zotsika thovu.

2. Wothandizira kuleza utoto wa thermosol

Pa nthawi yopaka utoto wa thermosol wa utoto wobalalitsidwa, nthawi zambiri kusuntha kumachitika, zomwe zimayambitsa zolakwika monga mawanga amitundu, mthunzi wosafanana, ndi mizere pamwamba pa nsalu, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti utoto usafanane. Kuti athetse vutoli, mankhwala oletsa kusamuka ayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito. Pakadali pano, pali mitundu iwiri ya mankhwala oletsa kusamuka omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito: imodzi ndi sodium alginate; inayo ndi acrylic copolymer. Sodium alginate ili ndi mphamvu zochepa zopaka utoto, pomwe acrylic copolymer ili ndi mphamvu zabwino zoletsa kusamuka komanso yopanda zolakwika zopaka utoto.