Amarangi yo gusiga amarangi akoreshwa cyane cyane mu gusiga amarangi ku migozi idafite aho ihuriye n’amazi nka polyester, spandex, nylon, na acetate. Bitewe n’iterambere rihoraho ry’ikoranabuhanga ryo gusiga amarangi ku migozi, ubwoko butandukanye bw’ibintu bipima amarangi bwageze ku iterambere rigaragara.
1. Uburyo bwo gushushanya irangi mu bushyuhe bwinshi
Iyo ukoresheje irangi ritandukanye mu gusiga irangi mu bushyuhe bwinshi no mu muvuduko mwinshi, gusiga irangi ritari ryiza bikunze kubaho bitewe n'ibintu nko kutagenda neza, ubushobozi bwo kuringaniza, n'ubushobozi bwo kwimuka kw'irangi, ndetse no kugenzura nabi umuvuduko wo gushyushya. By'umwihariko, imigozi ya polyester ifite ubucucike buto cyane kandi ubuso bwayo buri hejuru, ibyo bikaba byihutisha umuvuduko wo gusiga irangi mu marangi. Byongeye kandi, imiterere y'imyenda ikomeye ituma bigora irangi kwinjira neza, bigatuma irangi ritari ryiza cyane ugereranije n'imigozi isanzwe ya polyester. Gukoresha ibikoresho bigabanya ubushyuhe bwinshi mu gihe cyo gusiga irangi bishobora kunoza ubushobozi bwo kuringaniza imyenda no kongera ireme ry'ibicuruzwa.
Muri rusange, ku marangi atabangikanye n’ionic, surfactants zitari ionic zishobora gukoreshwa nk’ibintu bipima. Ibyo byombi bishobora gukora uruvange rw’amazi, bishobora kugabanya umuvuduko wo guhanagura kugira ngo bigere ku ntego yo guhanagura. Mu bintu bipima bitari ionic, surfactants zo mu bwoko bwa polyoxyethylene ester zifite ubushobozi bwo guhanagura kurusha surfactants zo mu bwoko bwa polyoxyethylene ether (ubucucike bw’imiterere ya ester kuri polyester buruta ubw’imiterere ya ether), naho surfactants zifite impeta za benzene zifite ubushobozi bwo guhanagura kurusha surfactants za aliphatic.
Ariko, ibintu bitagira ionic bishobora kubura amazi mu gihe cyo gusiga irangi rya polyester mu bushyuhe bwinshi, kandi guhuza urunigi rwa oxyyethylene n'amatsinda nka hydroxyl na amine mu ngirabuzimafatizo z'irangi ni ukwinjira mu mubiri, kutagira imbaraga hagati ya molekile, bigatuma bidakwirakwira neza kandi bigashonga neza. Gukoresha ibintu bitagira ionic bifite igicu gito bishobora gutuma irangi riterana. Kubera ko ibintu bitagira ionic bishobora kwinjizwa ku buso bw'uduce tw'irangi kugira ngo bikore urwego rukomeye rwo gushyushya, hariho imbaraga zikomeye z'amashanyarazi hagati y'uduce tw'irangi, bigatuma habaho imiterere ihamye yo gutatana. Bifite ubushobozi bukomeye bwo gutatana kuri polymeri zifatanya n'amabara atatanye, bityo bigagabanya kwiteranya kwabyo no kugumana amabara ahamye mu bwogero bw'irangi, bishobora gukemura ikibazo cy'uduce tw'irangi duterwa no guterana kw'irangi bitewe n'aho uduce tw'ibicu tutagira ionic tuba turi.
Ibintu bipima ubushyuhe bwinshi bifite imikorere myiza byiyongeraho hakoreshejwe uburyo bwo guhuza no kongera ingaruka z’ibintu bipima ubushyuhe bitari ionic na anionic, aho imiterere itandukanye ya buri gice ifite imikorere itandukanye. Hari ibicuruzwa byinshi bipima ubushyuhe bwinshi byiyongeraho ibintu bipima ubushyuhe bwinshi byiyongeraho ibintu bipima ubushyuhe bitari ionic (bimwe bikongeraho n’ibintu bitwara). Imiterere itandukanye ya buri gice ifite imikorere itandukanye, ishobora kugabanywamo ahanini ibi bikurikira: 1) Imiterere ya ethoxy ishobora gufata amarangi atatanye mu gihe cyo gusiga irangi, kongera aho amarangi ashyirwa, no gutinda gusiga irangi; 2) Iyo ubushyuhe bwo gusiga irangi bugeze ku gaciro runaka k’ingenzi, imiterere y’ibinyabutabire bihumura neza ishobora gutuma fibre ya polyester ihinduka plastike vuba kandi ikabyimba, ikagabanya ubushyuhe bw’impinduka z’ikirahure cya polyester ho 20-25.℃, yongera cyane imyenge iri muri fibre, igatuma irangi rishobora gusiga irangi ryihuse kandi rikomeye kuri fibre, kandi icyarimwe, rigakora nk'ikintu gituma irangi riri muri fibre rikomeza kuva muri fibre no kwimuka ku buryo bugaragara (kwimuka kw'irangi) kugira ngo rigere ku ngaruka zo kuringaniza.
Bimwe mu bicuruzwa by’inyongeramusaruro bifite ubushobozi bwo gusohora ifuro, bishobora guteza ibibazo mu mashini zikoresha irangi ryihuse no gusiga irangi ryoroheje. Kubwibyo, hakenewe ibikoresho byo gupima ifuro rito. Ibi bisubizo birimo: kongeramo ibikoresho byo gupima ifuro, cyane cyane ibikoresho byo gupima ifuro bya silikoni, bikora neza cyane mu bushyuhe bwinshi; gukoresha uburyo bwa copolymerization bwa ethylene oxide na propylene oxide kugira ngo haboneke ibikoresho byo gupima ifuro rito.
2. Uburyo bwo gupima irangi rya thermosol
Mu gihe cyo gusiga irangi rya thermosol ku marangi atatanye, akenshi habaho kwimuka, bigatera inenge nk'amabara, ibara ritaringaniye, n'imirongo ku buso bw'imyenda, bigatuma irangi ritaringaniye. Kugira ngo iki kibazo gikemuke, hagomba gukoreshwa imiti irwanya kwimuka. Muri iki gihe, hari ubwoko bubiri bw'imiti irwanya kwimuka ikoreshwa: imwe ni sodium alginate; indi ni acrylic copolymer. Sodium alginate ifite ubushobozi buke bwo gusiga irangi, mu gihe acrylic copolymer ifite ubushobozi bwiza bwo kurwanya kwimuka kandi nta nenge ifite.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Gashyantare-11-2026