Imirimo itanu y'ingenzi y'ibinyabutabire

1.Ingaruka zo Gutera Ingufu

Uburyo bwose bw'amatsinda y'ibinyabutabire bikomoka ku mazi n'ibinyabutabire biri mu matsinda y'ibinyabutabire bikomoka ku mazi cyangwa ku mavuta. Hashingiwe ku bunararibonye, ​​urugero rw'agaciro ka Hydrophilic-Lipophilic Balance (HLB) rw'ibinyabutabire bikomoka ku mazi rugarukira kuri 0–40, mu gihe urw'ibinyabutabire bikomoka ku mazi bitari ionic ruri hagati ya 0–20.

Imvange y'inyongera:HLB=（HLBa Wa+HLBb /Wb） / （Wa+Wb）Ibarura ry'inyigisho：HLB=∑（Agaciro ka HLB k'amatsinda akunda amazi）+∑（Agaciro ka HLB k'amatsinda akunda amavuta）-7 HLB：3-8 W/O-type Emulsifier：Hagati；Agaciro ka HLB k'amasabune akunda amazi：8-16 O/W-type Emulsifier：Span；Divalent Sabune.

Sisitemu yo gukwirakwiza amazi ikozwe no gukwirakwiza amazi amwe cyangwa menshi nk'ibitonyanga by'amazi bifite umurambararo urenze metero 10−7 mu kindi kinyabutabire kidahinduka cyitwa emulsion. Emulsifier igomba kongerwamo kugira ngo ikomeze kubaho neza. Bitewe n'imiterere ya emulsifier, ishobora gukora emulsion y'amavuta mu mazi (O/W) hamwe n'amazi nk'igice gikomeza cyangwa emulsion y'amazi mu mavuta (W/O) hamwe n'amavuta nk'igice gikomeza. Hari igihe, hakenewe kongerwamo ubundi bwoko bwa surfactant kugira ngo emulsion ivunike, yitwa demulsifier. Itandukanya igice gitatanye n'igice gitatanye muri emulsion. Urugero, demulsifier zongerwa mu mavuta asanzwe kugira ngo zitandukanye amavuta n'amazi.

2. Ingaruka zo gusohora ifuro no guhumanya

Imiti ikoreshwa cyane mu nganda zikora imiti. Mu gutegura imiti, imiti myinshi idashonga mu mazi nka amwe mu mavuta ahinduka, selulose zishonga mu mavuta n'imisemburo ya steroide ishobora gukora ibisubizo bibonerana no kongera ubwinshi bwayo bitewe n'ingaruka zo gushonga kw'imiti ikoreshwa mu gukora imiti. Mu gutegura imiti, imiti ikoreshwa mu gukora imiti ikoreshwa mu gukora imiti ikoreshwa mu gukora imiti ikoreshwa mu gukora imiti, ikoreshwa mu gukora imiti ikoreshwa mu gukora imiti ikoreshwa mu gukora imiti ikoreshwa mu gukora imiti ikoreshwa mu gukora imiti ikoreshwa mu gukora imiti ikoreshwa mu gukora imiti ikoreshwa mu gukora imiti ikoreshwa mu gukora imiti ikoreshwa mu gukora imiti ikoreshwa mu gukora imiti ikoreshwa mu gukora imiti ikoreshwa mu gukora imiti ikoreshwa mu gukora imiti ikoreshwa mu gukora imiti ikoreshwa mu gukora imiti ikoreshwa mu gukora imiti ikoreshwa mu gukora imiti ikoreshwa mu gukora imiti ikoreshwa mu gukora imiti ikoreshwa mu gukora imiti ikoreshwa mu gukora imiti ikoreshwa mu gukora imiti ikoreshwa mu gukora imiti ikoreshwa mu gukora imiti ikoreshwa mu buryo busanzwe, bityo imiti ikoreshwa mu gukora imiti ikoreshwa mu gukora imiti ikoreshwa mu gukora imiti ikoreshwa mu gukora imiti ikoreshwa mu gukora imiti ikoreshwa mu gukora imiti ikoreshwa mu buryo buboneye, bityo imiti ikoreshwa mu gukora imiti ikoreshwa mu gukora imiti ikoreshwa mu gukora imiti ikoreshwa mu gukora imiti ikoreshwa mu gukora imiti ikoreshwa mu gukora imiti ikoreshwa mu buryo buboneye igomba kongerwamo imiti ikoreshwa mu kugabanya imbaraga z'imiti ikoreshwa mu gukora imiti, gukuraho utubuto no gukumira impanuka.

3. Ingaruka zo guhagarika

Mu nganda zikora imiti yica udukoko,Hari ingano runaka y'ibinyabutabire bikoreshwa mu gukurura amazi, ibinyabutabire bishobora gukurura amazi, n'ibinyabutabire bivanze. Urugero, ibintu bikora mu gukurura amazi ahanini ni ibintu bikomoka ku bimera bifite ubwiyongere bw'amazi. Iyo hari ibinyabutabire bigabanya ubushyuhe bw'amazi, niho uduce tw'imiti yica udukoko dushobora gukururwa n'amazi maze bigatuma amazi ahinduka.

Gukoresha surfactants mu gukurura amabuye y'agaciro bishingiye ku ngaruka zo kugurura amabuye y'agaciro. Ifu y'amabuye y'agaciro irakururwa mu gihe umwuka uhuhwa uturutse hasi mu kigega; uduce dutwara uduce tw'amabuye y'agaciro twinshi duteranira hejuru. Utwo duce turakusanywa, hanyuma ifuro rikavunika rigashyirwa hamwe kugira ngo hagerwe ku ntego yo kongera amabuye y'agaciro. Ubutaka n'amabuye bidafite amabuye biguma hasi mu kigega kandi bikurwaho buri gihe. Iyo 5% by'ubuso bw'uduce tw'amabuye y'agaciro bitwikiriwe n'abakusanya amabuye, ubuso buhinduka ubw'amazi, bigatuma uduce tw'amabuye y'agaciro dufatana n'uduce tw'amabuye y'agaciro tugana hejuru y'amazi kugira ngo byorohe gukusanya. Abakusanya babikwiriye bagomba gutoranywa ku buryo amatsinda yabo akunda amazi ashyirwa ku buso bw'uduce tw'amabuye y'agaciro gusa, hamwe n'amatsinda akunda amazi agana mu mazi.

4. Gukuraho udukoko no gufunga burundu

Mu nganda zikora imiti, zishobora gukoreshwa nk'imiti yica udukoko n'imiti yica udukoko. Ingaruka zabyo zo kwica bagiteri no kwica udukoko ziterwa n'uko zikorana cyane na poroteyine zo muri bagiteri, zigahindura cyangwa zigahagarika izi poroteyine. Izi miti yica udukoko zifite ubushobozi bwo gushonga cyane mu mazi. Bitewe n'ingano yakoreshejwe, zishobora gukoreshwa mu gusukura uruhu mbere yo kubagwa, gusukura ibikomere cyangwa imitsi, gusukura ibikoresho, no gusukura ibidukikije.

5. Isuku n'ingaruka zo gusukura

Gukuraho umwanda w'ibinure ni igikorwa kigoye cyane, gifitanye isano n'imirimo yavuzwe haruguru nko gutosa no gusohora ifuro. Ubusanzwe ibikoresho byo gusukura bigomba kongeramo ibintu bitandukanye by'inyongera kugira ngo byongere ingaruka zo gutosa ku bintu bigomba gusukurwa, kandi bifite inshingano nko gufuro, kwera, no kwinjira ku buso busukuwe kugira ngo budasubira kwanduza. Muri byo, inzira yo gukuraho umwanda w'ibikoresho byo gusukura, ari na byo bice by'ingenzi, ni iyi ikurikira: amazi agira umuvuduko mwinshi w'ubuso kandi nta bushobozi bwo gutosa ku byatsi by'amavuta, bigatuma bigorana gukaraba ibyatsi by'amavuta. Nyuma yo kongeramo ibikoresho byo gusukura, amatsinda y'abantu badafite umwuka mwiza areba ku buso bw'imyenda maze agafata umwanda, bigatuma umwanda uva ku buso buhoro buhoro. Umwanda ushyirwa mu mazi cyangwa ukareremba ku buso hamwe n'ifuro hanyuma ugakurwaho, hanyuma ubuso busukuye bugafatwa n'ibintu byo gusukura. Hanyuma, ni ngombwa kumenya ko imikorere y'ibikoresho byo gusukura idaterwa gusa n'igice kimwe cy'uruhare rwabyo; mu bihe byinshi, ni umusaruro w'ibikorwa by'ibintu byinshi. Urugero, mu nganda zikora impapuro, zishobora gukoreshwa nk'ibikoresho byo guteka, ibikoresho byo gukuraho imyanda ku mpapuro, ibikoresho bipima ingano, ibikoresho byo kugenzura imiyoboro ya resin, ibikoresho bikuraho imyanda, ibikoresho byoroshya, ibikoresho birwanya static, ibikoresho bigabanya ubukana, ibikoresho byoroshya, ibikoresho bikuraho amavuta, imiti yica udukoko n'ibindi, imiti igabanya ubukana, nibindi.