Xa umoya ungena kulwelo, kuba unganyibiliki emanzini, wohlulwa ube ngamaqamza amaninzi ngolwelo oluphantsi kwamandla angaphandle, lwenza inkqubo engafaniyo. Emva kokuba umoya ungene kwi-liquid kwaye wenze i-foam, indawo yoqhagamshelwano phakathi kwegesi kunye ne-liquid iyanda, kwaye amandla amahhala enkqubo nawo aphakama ngokufanelekileyo.
Elona nqanaba lisezantsi lihambelana noko siqhele ukubhekisa kuko njenge-critical micelle concentration (CMC). Ngoko ke, xa ugxininiso lwe-surfactant lufikelela kwi-CMC, kukho inani elaneleyo leemolekyuli ze-surfactant kwisistim ukuze zilungelelanise ngokuxineneyo kumphezulu wolwelo, zenza i-gap-free monomolecular film layer. Oku kunciphisa uxinzelelo lomphezulu wenkqubo. Xa ukuxinana komphezulu kuncipha, amandla asimahla afunekayo ekuveliseni amagwebu kwinkqubo nawo ayancipha, okwenza ukubunjwa kwamagwebu kube lula kakhulu.
Kwimveliso ebonakalayo kunye nokusetyenziswa, ukuqinisekisa ukuzinza kwe-emulsions elungiselelwe ngexesha lokugcinwa, i-concentration ye-surfactant isoloko ihlengahlengiswa ngaphezu koxinzelelo olubalulekileyo lwe-micelle. Ngelixa oku kuphucula ukuzinza kwe-emulsion, kukwaneziphene ezithile. I-surfactants egqithisileyo ayinciphisi nje ukucinezeleka komphezulu wenkqubo kodwa iphinde igqume umoya ongena kwi-emulsion, yenze ifilim elulwelo eqinileyo, kwaye kumphezulu wolwelo, ifilimu yemolekyuli yebilayer. Oku kuthintela kakhulu ukuwa kwamagwebu.
Igwebu yintlanganisela yamaqamza amaninzi, ngoxa iqamza lenziwa xa irhasi isasazwa kulwelo—irhasi njengenqanaba lokusasazeka kunye nolwelo njengenqanaba eliqhubekayo. Irhasi engaphakathi kwamaqamza inokufuduka isuka kwelinye iqamle iye kwelinye okanye ibaleke iye kwiatmosfera ejikelezileyo, ikhokelele kukudibana kwamaqamu kunye nokunyamalala.
Kumanzi acocekileyo okanye ii-surfactants zodwa, ngenxa yokubunjwa kwazo ngokulinganayo, ifilimu yegwebu enesiphumo ayinakunwebeka, nto leyo eyenza igwebu lingazinzi kwaye lilungele ukuziphelisa. Ithiyori ye-Thermodynamic icebisa ukuba igwebu elenziwe kulwelo olusulungekileyo lolokwexeshana kwaye liyachithakala ngenxa yokukhupha ifilimu.
Njengoko bekutshiwo ngaphambili, kwiingubo ezisekwe emanzini, ngaphandle kwendawo yokusasazwa (amanzi), kukwakho izinto zokuthambisa ezenziwe ngepolymer emulsification, kunye nezisasazo, izinto zokumanzisa, izinto ezityebisayo, kunye nezinye izongezo zokugquma ezisekwe kwi-surfactant. Kuba ezi zinto zihlala kwindawo enye, ukwakheka kogwebu kunokwenzeka kakhulu, kwaye la malungu afana ne-surfactant aqhubela phambili ukuzinzisa ugwebu oluvelisiweyo.
Xa i-ionic surfactants isetyenziswa njenge-emulsifiers, ifilimu yebhamu ifumana intlawulo yombane. Ngenxa yokuchaswa okunamandla phakathi kweentlawulo, amaqamza axhathisa ukudityaniswa, ecinezela inkqubo yamaqamza amancinci adityaniswa abe makhudlwana aze adilike. Ngenxa yoko, oku kuthintela ukukhutshwa kwe-foam kwaye kuzinzisa i-foam.
Ixesha lokuposa: Nov-06-2025