Amadayi ahlakazekile asetshenziswa kakhulu ekudayini imicu engathathi hlangothi njenge-polyester, i-spandex, i-nylon, kanye nemicu ye-acetate. Ngokuthuthuka okuqhubekayo kobuchwepheshe bokudaya imicu, izinhlobo ezahlukene zama-leveling agents ziye zathuthuka kakhulu.
1. I-ejenti yokulinganisa izinga lokushisa eliphezulu
Uma usebenzisa amadayi ahlakazekile ukuze kudaye amadayi asezingeni eliphezulu kanye nokucindezela okuphezulu, ukudaya okungalingani kuvame ukwenzeka ngenxa yezici ezifana nokuhlakazeka okungekuhle, i-leveling property, kanye ne-movement property yamadayi, kanye nokulawula okungafanele izinga lokushisa. Ikakhulukazi, imicu ye-polyester e-fine-denier ine-linear density encane kakhulu kanye nendawo ephezulu, okusheshisa izinga lokudaya amadayi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, isakhiwo sendwangu eqinile senza kube nzima ukuthi amadayi angene kahle, okuholela ekudayini okungalingani okuvelele kakhulu uma kuqhathaniswa nemicu ye-polyester evamile. Ukusetshenziswa kwama-ejenti okulinganisa amazinga aphezulu okushisa ngesikhathi sokudaya kungathuthukisa umphumela wokulinganisa wendwangu futhi kuthuthukise ikhwalithi yomkhiqizo.
Ngokuvamile, kumadayi asakazeka angewona ama-ionic, ama-surfactants angewona ama-ionic angasetshenziswa njengama-leveling agents. Lawa amabili angakha inhlanganisela ye-hydrophobic, enganciphisa izinga lokudaya ukuze kufezwe injongo yokuleveli. Phakathi kwama-molecule e-agent e-leveling angewona ama-ionic dispersing, ama-surfactants ohlobo lwe-polyoxyethylene ester anezakhiwo ezingcono zokulevelisha kune-surfactants yohlobo lwe-polyoxyethylene ether (ukufana kwezakhiwo zohlobo lwe-ester ze-polyester kukhulu kunokwezakhiwo zohlobo lwe-ether), kanti ama-surfactants anezindandatho ze-benzene anezakhiwo ezingcono zokulevelisha kune-surfactants ye-aliphatic.
Kodwa-ke, ama-surfactant angewona ama-ionic athambekele ekuphelelweni amanzi emzimbeni ngesikhathi sokudaya i-polyester ngokushisa okuphezulu, futhi inhlanganisela phakathi kwe-oxyethylene chain namaqembu afana ne-hydroxyl kanye ne-amino kuma-molecule edayi iyi-adsorption ekhululekile ngokomzimba, engenawo amandla aphakathi kwama-molecule, okuholela ekuhlakazekeni okubi kanye nokuncibilika. Ukusetshenziswa kwama-surfactant angewona ama-ionic ane-cloud-point low kungaholela kalula ekuhlanganisweni kodayi. Njengoba ama-surfactant e-anionic angafakwa ebusweni bezinhlayiya zedayi ukuze akhe ungqimba oluqinile lwe-negative charge, kukhona ukuxoshwa kukagesi okunamandla phakathi kwezinhlayiya zedayi, okwakha isimo esizinzile sokuhlakazeka. Anekhono eliqinile lokuhlakazeka kwama-polymer ahambisanayo wamadayi ahlakazekile, ngaleyo ndlela anciphise ukuhlanganiswa kwawo futhi agcine amadayi ezinzile ebhavini lodayi, okungaxazulula inkinga yamabala edayi abangelwa ukuhlanganiswa kodayi ngenxa yephuzu eliphansi lama-surfactant angewona ama-ionic.
Ama-ejenti okulinganisa izinga lokushisa eliphezulu asebenza kahle kakhulu ahlanganiswa ngokusebenzisa imiphumela ehambisanayo nethuthukisayo yama-surfactants angewona ama-ionic kanye nama-surfactants anionic, lapho izakhiwo ezahlukene zengxenye ngayinye zinemisebenzi ehlukene. Kunemikhiqizo eminingi yama-ejenti okulinganisa izinga lokushisa eliphezulu ahlanganiswe ama-surfactants anionic/angewona ama-ionic (amanye anezela nabathwali abathile). Izakhiwo ezahlukene zengxenye ngayinye zinemisebenzi ehlukene, engahlukaniswa kakhulu ibe: 1) Isakhiwo se-ethoxy singabamba amadayi ahlakazekile ngesikhathi senqubo yokudaya, sandise izindawo zokudaya zamadayi, futhi sibambezele ukudaya; 2) Lapho izinga lokushisa lokudaya lifinyelela inani elithile elibalulekile, isakhiwo se-compound esinomoya singenza i-polyester fiber isheshe ipulasitiki futhi ivuvuke, inciphise izinga lokushisa lokushintsha kwengilazi le-polyester ngo-20-25℃, kwandisa kakhulu izimbobo ku-fiber, kuvumela idayi ukuthi idayise i-fiber ngokushesha nangokujulile, futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo, isebenze njengesithako sedayi ukuze idayi ku-fiber ihlale ikhipha i-fiber futhi idlule ekufudukeni okusobala (ukufuduka kwedayi) ukuze kufezwe umphumela wokulinganisa.
Eminye imikhiqizo ehlanganisiwe yama-surfactants inezakhiwo eziphezulu zokukhipha igwebu, okungadala kalula izinkinga emishinini yokudaya ngokushesha kanye nokudaya okulinganiselwe okuphansi kwesilinganiso sokugeza. Ngakho-ke, kudingeka ama-ejenti okulinganisa igwebu eliphansi. Izixazululo zifaka: ukufaka ama-defoamers, ikakhulukazi ama-silicone defoamers, asebenza kahle kakhulu emazingeni okushisa aphezulu; ukusebenzisa indlela ye-copolymerization ye-ethylene oxide kanye ne-propylene oxide ukuthola imikhiqizo yegwebu eliphansi.
2. I-ejenti yokulinganisa ukudaya kwe-thermosol
Ngesikhathi senqubo yokudaya i-thermosol yamadayi ahlakazekile, ukufuduka kuvame ukwenzeka, okubangela amaphutha anjengezindawo zombala, umthunzi ongalingani, kanye nemigqa ebusweni bendwangu, okuholela ekudayini okungalingani. Ukuze kuxazululwe le nkinga, kumele kusetshenziswe ama-anti-migration agents. Njengamanje, kunezinhlobo ezimbili zama-anti-migration agents asetshenziswayo: enye yi-sodium alginate; enye yi-acrylic copolymer. I-Sodium alginate inezakhiwo eziphansi zokudaya izinga, kuyilapho i-acrylic copolymer inekhono elihle lokulwa nokufuduka futhi ayinawo amaphutha okudaya.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Feb-11-2026