Iyini Imisebenzi Yama-Surfactants?

1. Isenzo sokumanzisa (I-HLB edingekayo: 7-9)

Ukumanzisa kubhekisela esimweni lapho igesi efakwe endaweni eqinile ithathelwa indawo uketshezi. Izinto ezithuthukisa leli khono lokufaka esikhundleni zibizwa ngokuthi ama-wetting agents. Ukumanzisa ngokuvamile kuhlukaniswe ngezinhlobo ezintathu: ukumanzisa ngokuxhumana (ukunamathela), ukumanzisa ngokucwilisa (ukungena emanzini), kanye nokumanzisa ngokusabalalisa (ukusakaza).

Phakathi kwalokhu, ukusabalalisa kuyindinganiso ephezulu kakhulu yokumanzisa, futhi i-coefficient yokusabalalisa ivame ukusetshenziswa njengesibonakaliso sokusebenza kokumanzisa phakathi kwezinhlelo.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-engeli yokuxhumana nayo iyisici sokuhlola ukusebenza kahle kokumanzisa.

Ukusetshenziswa kwama-surfactants kungalawula izinga lokumanzisa phakathi koketshezi nezinto eziqinile.

Embonini yezibulala-zinambuzane, amanye ama-granule kanye nama-powder okufafaza aqukethe inani elithile lama-surfactants. Inhloso yawo ukuthuthukisa ukunamathela kanye nokubekwa kwe-ejenti endaweni ephathwayo, ukuthuthukisa izinga lokukhululwa kanye nendawo yokusabalala kwezithako ezisebenzayo ngaphansi kwezimo ezimanzi, kanye nokuthuthukisa imiphumela yokuvimbela nokulawula izifo.

Embonini yezimonyo, njenge-emulsifier, iyisici esibalulekile emikhiqizweni yokunakekelwa kwesikhumba efana nama-creams, ama-lotion, ama-cleanser, kanye nama-remover ezimonyo.

2. Izenzo zokukhipha amagwebu nokuhlanza

Ama-surfactant nawo asetshenziswa kabanzi embonini yezemithi. Ezakhiweni zezemithi, imithi eminingi engancibiliki kahle njengamafutha aguquguqukayo, i-cellulose encibilika emafutheni, kanye nama-hormone e-steroidal angakha izixazululo ezicacile futhi andise ukuhlushwa ngesenzo sokuncibilikisa sama-surfactant.

Ngesikhathi sokulungiselela imithi, ama-surfactant abalulekile njenge-emulsifiers, ama-wetting agents, ama-stop agents, ama-foam agents, kanye nama-defoaming agents. I-Foam iqukethe igesi evalwe yifilimu encane yoketshezi. Amanye ama-surfactant angakha amafilimu anamandla athile ngamanzi, avale umoya ukuze adale i-foam, esetshenziswa ekuntanteni kwamaminerali, ekucimeni umlilo we-foam, nasekuhlanzeni. Ama-ejenti anjalo abizwa ngokuthi ama-foam agents.

Ngezinye izikhathi kudingeka ama-defoaming. Ekuhlanzeni ushukela kanye nokukhiqizwa kwemithi yendabuko yaseShayina, i-foam eningi ingaba yinkinga. Ukwengeza ama-surfactants afanele kunciphisa amandla efilimu, kuqeda amabhamuza, futhi kuvimbele izingozi.

3. Isenzo sokumisa (Ukuqinisa ukumiswa)

Embonini yezibulala-zinambuzane, izimpushana ezimanzi, izingxube ezixubile, kanye nama-emulsion agxilile konke kudinga inani elithile lama-surfactants. Njengoba izithako eziningi ezisebenzayo kuma-powder amanzi zingamakhemikhali e-hydrophobic organic, ama-surfactants ayadingeka ukunciphisa ukucindezeleka kwamanzi, okuvumela ukumanzisa kwezinhlayiya zemithi kanye nokwakheka kwama-aqueous suspensions.

Ama-surfactant asetshenziswa ekuntanteni kwamaminerali ukuze kufezwe ukuzinza kokumiswa. Ngokuvuselela nokuvunguza umoya usuka phansi kwethangi, amabhamuza aphethe i-mineral powder esebenzayo ayahlangana ebusweni, lapho eqoqwa khona futhi ahlanzwe ukuze kugxilwe, kufezwe ukunothiswa. Isihlabathi, udaka, namatshe angenamaminerali ahlala phansi futhi asuswa njalo.

Uma u-5% wobuso besihlabathi samaminerali bumbozwe ngumqoqi, uba manzi angangenisi amanzi bese unamathela kuma-bubbles, ukhuphukele phezulu ukuze uqoqwe. Kukhethwa umqoqi ofanele ukuze amaqembu akhe angangenisi amanzi anamathele kuphela ebusweni besihlabathi samaminerali kuyilapho amaqembu angangenisi amanzi ebhekene namanzi.

4. Ukubulala amagciwane kanye nokubulala inzalo

Embonini yezemithi, ama-surfactant angasetshenziswa njengemithi yokubulala amagciwane kanye nemithi yokubulala amagciwane. Imiphumela yawo yokubulala amagciwane kanye nokubulala amagciwane ibangelwa ukusebenzisana okunamandla namaprotheni e-biofilm ebhaktheriya, okubangela ukuguquka noma ukulahlekelwa umsebenzi.

Lezi zibulala-magciwane zincibilika kakhulu emanzini futhi zingasetshenziswa ngamanani ahlukahlukene ku:

·Ukubulala amagciwane esikhumbeni ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa

·Ukubulala amagciwane esilondeni noma emathunjini

·Ukuhlanza amathuluzi

·Ukubulala amagciwane kwemvelo

5. Isenzo sokuhlanza nokuhlanza

Ukususa amabala amafutha kuyinqubo eyinkimbinkimbi ehlobene nokumanzisa, ukugcoba amagwebu, kanye nezinye izenzo ezishiwo ngenhla.

Ama-detergent ngokuvamile aqukethe izingxenye eziningi ezisizayo ku:

· Thuthukisa ukumanzisa kwento ehlanzwayo

·Khiqiza igwebu

· Nikeza imiphumela yokukhanyisa

·Vimbela ukuphinde kufakwe ukungcola

·Inqubo yokuhlanza ama-surfactants njengengxenye eyinhloko isebenza kanje:

Amanzi anomfutho ophezulu wobuso kanye nekhono eliphansi lokumanzisa amabala anamafutha, okwenza kube nzima ukuwasusa. Ngemva kokufaka ama-surfactants, amaqembu awo angenawo umoya aqonda ezindaweni zendwangu futhi abambe ukungcola, kancane kancane asuse ukungcola. Ukungcola kuhlala kulenga emanzini noma kuntanta phezu kobuso nge-foam ngaphambi kokususwa, kuyilapho ubuso obuhlanzekile bumbozwa ngama-molecule e-surfactant.

Okokugcina, kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi ama-surfactant asebenza hhayi ngendlela eyodwa kodwa ngokuvamile ngomphumela ohlangene wezinto eziningi.

Isibonelo, embonini yephepha, zingasebenza njengalokhu:

·Izinto zokupheka

·Izinto zokususa i-inki zephepha likadoti

· Ama-ejenti okulinganisa

· Ama-ejenti okulawula izithiyo ze-resin

·Izihlanzi zokuhlanza

·Izithambisi

· Izinto ezilwa nokuqina kwemisipha

·Izivimbeli zesikali

·Izinto zokuthambisa

·Izinto zokususa amafutha

·Ama-bactericides kanye nama-algaecides

·Izivimbeli zokugqwala

Xhumana nathi!