Nā Hana Nui ʻElima o nā Surfactants

1.Hopena Emulsifying

ʻO ka pilina piha o nā hui hydrophilic a me lipophilic i loko o nā mole surfactant no ka ʻaila a i ʻole ka wai. Ma muli o ka ʻike, ʻo ka pae o ka waiwai Hydrophilic-Lipophilic Balance (HLB) o nā surfactants ua kaupalena ʻia i 0-40, ʻoiai ʻo ka waiwai o nā surfactants non-ionic e hāʻule ana i loko o 0-20.

ʻO ke ʻano hoʻohuihui hoʻohuihui: HLB=（HLBa Wa+HLBb /Wb） / （Wa+Wb）Helu Manaʻo：HLB=∑（Ka Waiwai HLB o nā Hui Hydrophilic）+∑（Ka Waiwai HLB o nā Hui Lipophilic）-7 HLB：3-8 Emulsifier ʻano W/O：Tween；Ka Waiwai HLB o nā Kopa Monovalent：8-16 Emulsifier ʻano O/W：Span；Nā Kopa Divalent.

ʻO kahi ʻōnaehana hoʻopuehu nui i hoʻokumu ʻia ma ka hoʻopuehu ʻana i hoʻokahi a ʻoi aku paha mau wai e like me nā kulu wai me ke anawaena ʻoi aku ma mua o 10−7m i loko o kahi wai immiscible ʻē aʻe i kapa ʻia he emulsion. Pono e hoʻohui ʻia kahi emulsifier e mālama i kona ola paʻa. Ma muli o ke ʻano o ka emulsifier, hiki iā ia ke hana i kahi emulsion ʻaila-i-ka-wai (O/W) me ka wai ma ke ʻano he pae hoʻomau a i ʻole kahi emulsion wai-i-ka-ʻaila (W/O) me ka ʻaila ma ke ʻano he pae hoʻomau. I kekahi manawa, pono e hoʻohui ʻia kekahi ʻano surfactant e uhaʻi i ka emulsion, i kapa ʻia he demulsifier. Hoʻokaʻawale ia i ka pae hoʻopuehu mai ka medium dispersion i loko o ka emulsion. No ka laʻana, hoʻohui ʻia nā demulsifiers i ka ʻaila maka e hoʻokaʻawale i ka ʻaila mai ka wai.

2. Nā hopena hoʻopū a me ka hoʻopau ʻana

Hoʻohana nui ʻia nā Surfactants i ka ʻoihana lāʻau lapaʻau. I nā hoʻomākaukau lāʻau lapaʻau, hiki i nā lāʻau lapaʻau he nui i hoʻoheheʻe ʻole ʻia i ka wai e like me kekahi mau aila volatile, nā cellulose momona-soluble a me nā hormones steroid ke hana i nā hopena moakaka a hoʻonui i ko lākou mau ʻano ma muli o ka hopena solubilization o nā surfactants. I ke kaʻina hana o ka hoʻomākaukau lāʻau lapaʻau, lawelawe nā surfactants ma ke ʻano he emulsifiers pono ʻole, nā mea hoʻomaʻū, nā mea hoʻokuʻu, nā mea hoʻohua a me nā defoamers. Ua wehewehe ʻia ka "foam" he kinoea i hoʻopuni ʻia e kahi kiʻiʻoniʻoni wai. Hiki i kekahi mau surfactants ke hana i nā kiʻiʻoniʻoni o kahi ikaika i ka wā e hui pū ʻia me ka wai, kahi e hoʻopaʻa ai i ka ea e hana i nā huʻa; ua kapa ʻia kēlā mau surfactants he mau mea hoʻohua a hoʻohana ʻia i ka froth flotation, ka hoʻopau ʻana i ke ahi huʻa a me ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe a me ka wehe ʻana i nā ʻōpala. Ma ke ʻano ʻē aʻe, pono nō hoʻi nā defoamers i kekahi mau hiʻohiʻona: no ka laʻana, hana ʻia nā huʻa nui i ka wā o ka hana ʻana i ke kō a me ka hana ʻana i ka lāʻau lapaʻau kuʻuna Kina, no laila pono e hoʻohui ʻia nā surfactants kūpono e hōʻemi i ka ikaika o ka kiʻiʻoniʻoni wai, hoʻopau i nā pehu a pale i nā pōpilikia.

3. Hopena hoʻomaha

I ka ʻoihana pesticide,Pono kahi nui o nā surfactants no nā pauka wettable, nā concentrates emulsifiable, a me nā emulsions i hoʻohuihui ʻia. No ka laʻana, ʻo nā mea hana i loko o nā pauka wettable he mau hui organik me ka hydrophobicity. I ke alo wale nō o nā surfactants, e hoʻemi ana i ka ʻili o ka wai, hiki ke hoʻomaʻū ʻia nā ʻāpana pesticide e ka wai a hana i nā suspensions aqueous.

ʻO ka hoʻopili ʻana o nā surfactants i ka lana ʻana o ka ore e hilinaʻi ana i ka hopena kōkua flotation. Hoʻoulu ʻia ka pulp ore i ka wā e puhi ʻia ai ka ea mai lalo o ka pahu; a laila hōʻiliʻili nā pehu e lawe ana i nā ʻāpana ore maikaʻi ma luna o ka ʻili. Hōʻiliʻili ʻia kēia mau pehu, a wāwahi ʻia ka huʻa a hoʻopaʻa ʻia e hoʻokō i ke kumu o ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka ore. Noho ka one a me ka pōhaku ʻole ma lalo o ka pahu a wehe pinepine ʻia. Ke uhi ʻia ka 5% o ka ʻili o nā ʻāpana ore e nā mea hōʻiliʻili, lilo ka ʻili i hydrophobic, e hoʻopili ai i nā ʻāpana ore i nā pehu a lana i luna i ka ʻili wai no ka hōʻiliʻili maʻalahi. Pono e koho ʻia nā mea hōʻiliʻili kūpono i mea e hoʻopili ʻia ai kā lākou mau hui hydrophilic ma luna o ka ʻili o nā ʻāpana ore, me nā hui hydrophobic e kuhikuhi ana i ka wai.

4. Ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻana a me ka sterilization

I loko o ka ʻoihana lāʻau lapaʻau, hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia lākou ma ke ʻano he mau fungicides a me nā disinfectants. ʻO kā lākou hopena bactericidal a me disinfectant e pili ana i kā lākou pilina ikaika me nā protein i loko o nā biofilms bacteria, kahi e hoʻololi ai a hoʻopau paha i kēia mau protein. Loaʻa i kēia mau disinfectants ke kiʻekiʻe o ka solubility i ka wai. Ma muli o ka nui i hoʻohana ʻia, hiki ke hoʻopili ʻia i ka disinfection ʻili preoperative, disinfection ʻeha a mucosal paha, disinfection mea hana, a me ka disinfection kaiapuni.

5.Detergent a me ka hopena hoʻomaʻemaʻe

ʻO ka wehe ʻana i ka lepo momona he hana paʻakikī loa ia, e pili ana i nā hana i ʻōlelo ʻia ma luna e like me ka pulu ʻana a me ka hoʻohua ʻana. Pono nā mea holoi e hoʻohui i nā ʻano mea kōkua like ʻole e hoʻonui i ka hopena pulu ma nā mea e hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻia, a he mau hana nō hoʻi e like me ka hoʻohua ʻana, keʻokeʻo ʻana, a me ka noho ʻana ma ka ʻili i hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻia e pale aku i ka haumia hou ʻana. I waena o lākou, ʻo ke kaʻina hana hoʻomaʻemaʻe o nā surfactants, ʻo ia nā mea nui, penei: he kiʻekiʻe ka ʻili o ka wai a he hana pulu maikaʻi ʻole ma nā ʻili aila, e paʻakikī ai ke holoi ʻana i nā ʻili aila. Ma hope o ka hoʻohui ʻana i nā surfactants, e kū pono ana nā hui hydrophobic i ka ʻili lole a hoʻopili i ka lepo, e hoʻokaʻawale mālie ana ka lepo mai ka ʻili. Hoʻokuʻu ʻia ka lepo i loko o ka wai a lana paha i ka ʻili me ka huʻa a laila wehe ʻia, a noho ʻia ka ʻili maʻemaʻe e nā mole surfactant. ʻO ka mea hope loa, pono e hoʻomaopopo ʻia ʻaʻole wale ka hana o nā surfactants ma muli o hoʻokahi ʻano o kā lākou kuleana; i nā hihia he nui, ʻo ia ka hopena o ka hana hui pū ʻana o nā kumu he nui. No ka laʻana, ma ka ʻoihana hana pepa, hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia e like me nā mea kuke, nā mea hoʻohemo pepa ʻōpala, nā mea nui, nā mea hoʻomalu pale resin, nā defoamers, nā softeners, nā mea antistatic, nā mea hoʻopaʻa unahi, nā mea palupalu, nā degreasers, nā bactericides a me nā algaecides, nā mea hoʻopaʻa corrosion, a pēlā aku.