Ngenxa yokunyibilika okuphantsi kwezinto ezithile eziqinileyo emanzini, xa enye okanye ezininzi zezi ziqina zikhoyo ngobuninzi obukhulu kwisisombululo esinamanzi kwaye ziphazamiseka yi-hydraulic okanye imikhosi yangaphandle, ingabakho kwimeko ye-emulsification ngaphakathi kwamanzi, yenze i-emulsion. Ngokwethiyori, inkqubo enjalo ayizinzanga. Nangona kunjalo, xa kukho i-surfactants (njengamasuntswana omhlaba), i-emulsification iba nzima, okwenza kube nzima ukuba izigaba ezimbini zohlukane. Oku kudla ngokubonwa kwimixube ye-oyile-amanzi ngexesha lokwahlulwa kwamanzi-oyile kunye nakwimixube ye-oyile yamanzi kunyango lwamanzi amdaka, apho amanzi e-oyile okanye i-oyile emanzini azinzile phakathi kwezi zigaba zimbini. Isiseko sethiyori sesi siganeko "lulwakhiwo oluphindwe kabini."
Kwiimeko ezinjalo, ii-agent ezithile zeekhemikhali zingeniswa ukuphazamisa isakhiwo esizinzile se-double-layer kunye nokunciphisa inkqubo ye-emulsified, ngaloo ndlela ifezekisa ukuhlukana kwezigaba ezimbini. Ezi arhente, ezisetyenziselwa ngokukodwa ukuphula i-emulsions, zibizwa ngokuba yi-demulsifiers.
I-demulsifier yinto esebenzayo phezu komhlaba ephazamisa isakhiwo se-emulsified liquid, ngaloo ndlela ihlula izigaba ezahlukeneyo ngaphakathi kwe-emulsion. Ukususwa kweoli ekrwada ibhekisa kwinkqubo yokusebenzisa intshukumo yeekhemikhali zokuphelisa i-oyile kunye namanzi kumxube wamanzi e-oyile e-emulsified, ukuphumeza ukuphelelwa ngamanzi emzimbeni kwe-oyile ekrwada ukuhlangabezana nemigangatho efunekayo yesiqulatho samanzi sothutho.
Indlela esebenzayo kunye nechanekileyo yokwahlula izigaba eziphilayo kunye namanzi kukusetyenziswa kwe-demulsifiers ukuphelisa i-emulsification kunye nokuphazamisa ukubunjwa kwe-interface ye-emulsification enamandla ngokwaneleyo, ngaloo ndlela ukuphumeza ukuhlukana kwesigaba. Nangona kunjalo, ii-demulsifiers ezahlukeneyo ziyahluka kwisakhono sazo sokususa izigaba zezinto eziphilayo, kwaye ukusebenza kwazo kuchaphazela ngokuthe ngqo ukusebenza kakuhle kokwahlulwa kwesigaba.
Kwimveliso ye-penicillin, inyathelo elibalulekileyo libandakanya ukukhupha i-penicillin kwi-broth fermentation usebenzisa i-solvent ye-organic (njenge-butyl acetate). Ngenxa yobukho bezinto eziyinkimbinkimbi kwi-broth fermentation-ezifana neeproteni, iswekile, kunye ne-mycelia-ujongano phakathi kwezigaba eziphilayo kunye nezamanzi azicacanga, zenza ummandla we-emulsification ephakathi, echaphazela kakhulu isivuno semveliso yokugqibela. Ukujongana nale nto, i-demulsifiers kufuneka iqeshwe ukuphula i-emulsion, isuse i-emulsified state, kwaye ifezekise ukuhlukana kwesigaba esikhawulezayo nesisebenzayo.
Ixesha lokuposa: Oct-24-2025