"Abavandimwe batatu" ba alifatique amines: primary, secondary na tertiary

Amine za Aliphatic bivuze ubwoko bunini bw'ibinyabutabire bya amine aho atome za hydrogen za molekile za ammonia zisimburwa n'amatsinda ya aliphatic alkyl afite uburebure bwa karuboni kuva kuri C8 kugeza kuri C22. Mu bihe bya kera, abavandimwe bakundaga gushyirwa mu byiciro bikurikira: Bo, Zhong, Shu na Ji: Bo ku mukuru, Zhong ku wa kabiri, Shu ku wa gatatu, na Ji ku muto. Mu buryo nk'ubwo, amine za aliphatic zishyirwa mu byiciro bya amine z'ibanze, amine z'inyongera na amine z'inyongera hakurikijwe umubare wa atome za hydrogen muri molekile za ammonia zisimburwa n'amatsinda ya aliphatic alkyl.

Amine z'ibanze za Aliphaticreba ibintu bikomoka ku bintu bikozwe iyo atome imwe gusa ya hydrogen mu molecule ya ammonia isimbuwe n'itsinda rya aliphatic alkyl. Amine z'ibanze zifite uburyo bwinshi bwo gukoresha. Amine z'ibanze n'umunyu wazo zishobora gukora nk'ibintu bifasha mu kuzura amabuye y'agaciro, ibintu birwanya gufunga ifumbire mvaruganda n'ibisasu, ibintu bifasha mu kwirinda amazi mu mpapuro, ibintu bibuza ingese, ibintu bitera amavuta, imiti yica bagiteri mu nganda za peteroli, ibintu bikoreshwa mu gukamura lisansi na lisansi, ibintu bikoresha ikoranabuhanga mu gusukura, ibintu bifasha mu gukora ibumba rya organometallic, ibintu bikoreshwa mu gutunganya irangi, ibintu bifasha mu gutunganya amazi, ibintu bifasha mu gushushanya n'ibindi. Amine z'ibanze zishobora gukoreshwa mu gukora ibintu bifasha mu gukamura asphalt, bikoreshwa cyane mu gutunganya no kubungabunga imihanda minini. Bishobora kugabanya imbaraga z'umurimo wo kubaka no kubungabunga no gufasha kongera igihe cy'ubuzima bw'umuhanda.

Amines z'ibinure zo mu bwoko bwa kabirireba ibintu bikomoka ku bintu bikozwe iyo atome ebyiri za hydrogen za molecule ya ammonia zisimbuwe n'amatsinda abiri asa cyangwa atandukanye ya alkyl y'ibinure. Amine za kabiri muri rusange ntizikoreshwa mu buryo butaziguye; ahanini ni ibikoresho fatizo byo gukora amine za dialkyl tertiary na salts za ammonium za quaternary. Ikoreshwa risanzwe ririmo imiti yica ibyatsi, imiti igabanya ubukana bwa dioksani polymers, imiti irinda amazi, imiti irwanya static na softeners kuri fibres, ibikoresho fatizo byo gukwirakwiza aqueous fabric softener dispersions, ibikoresho byo gusukamo hydrocarbon fuel, impapuro, imyunyungugu ya peteroli, imyunyungugu ya myenda n'ibindi.

Amines za Aliphatic tertiaryreba ibintu bikozwe iyo atome eshatu za hydrogen zo muri molekile ya ammonia zisimbuwe burundu n'amatsinda ya aliphatic alkyl. Kimwe n'amine z'ibanze, amine za tertiary zifite uburyo bwinshi cyane bwo gukoresha. Zishobora gukoreshwa mu buryo butaziguye mu bintu bibungabunga, mu byongera amavuta, mu bimera, mu byuma bikuramo ibyuma bidasanzwe, mu gukora amavuta yo kwisiga, mu gukora aside citric, mu bintu birwanya static bya polyethylene, mu kwihutisha ifuro rya polyurethane na coagulants, ndetse no mu bintu birekura, mu kurwanya bloc, mu gutunganya, mu gukora gloss agents no mu gukuraho impumuro mbi mu gukora rubber. Byongeye kandi, zishobora no gukoreshwa mu gukora cationic surfactants na amphoteric surfactants.