Ii-amine ze-aliphatic zibhekisa kudidi olukhulu lwee-compounds ze-amine ze-organic apho ii-athomu ze-hydrogen zee-molecules ze-ammonia zithathelwa indawo ngamaqela e-alkyl ye-aliphatic enobude be-carbon chain ukusuka kwi-C8 ukuya kwi-C22. Kumaxesha amandulo, abantwana bomzala babebekwa ngokwesiko ngokulandelana kukaBo, uZhong, uShu kunye noJi: uBo koyena mdala, uZhong kowesibini, uShu kowesithathu, kunye noJi koyena mncinci. Ngokufanayo, ii-amine ze-aliphatic zahlulwe zibe zii-amines eziphambili, ii-amines zesibini kunye nee-amines zesithathu ngokwenani lee-athomu ze-hydrogen kwii-molecules ze-ammonia ezithathelwe indawo ngamaqela e-alkyl ye-aliphatic.
Ii-amine eziphambili ze-Aliphaticbhekisa kwiikhompawundi ezenziwe xa i-athomu enye ye-hydrogen kwi-molecule ye-ammonia ithathelwa indawo liqela le-alkyl ye-aliphatic. Ii-amine eziphambili zineendlela ezininzi zokusetyenziswa. Ii-amine eziphambili kunye neetyuwa zazo zinokusebenza njengee-arhente ze-mineral flotation ezisebenzayo, ii-arhente ze-anti-caking kwizichumisi zeekhemikhali kunye neziqhushumbisi, ii-arhente zokuthintela amanzi ephepheni, izithinteli zokugqwala, izongezo ze-lubricant, ii-bactericides kushishino lwepetroleum, izongezo ze-fuels kunye ne-petroli, ii-arhente zokucoca ze-elektroniki, ii-emulsifiers, izinto eziluhlaza zokuvelisa udongwe lwe-organometallic, izongezo zokucubungula i-pigment, ii-arhente zonyango lwamanzi, ii-arhente zokubumba kunye nokunye. Ii-amine eziphambili zingasetyenziselwa ukuvelisa ii-quaternary ammonium salt asphalt emulsifiers, ezisetyenziswa kakhulu ekugayweni nasekugcinweni kweendlela eziphezulu. Zinokunciphisa amandla omsebenzi wokwakha nokugcina kwaye zincede ukwandisa ubomi benkonzo yemiphezulu yendlela.
Ii-amines zesibini ezinamafuthabhekisa kwiikhompawundi ezenziwe xa iiathom ezimbini zehydrogen zemolekyuli ye-ammonia zithathelwa indawo ngamaqela amabini afanayo okanye ahlukeneyo e-alkyl yamafutha. Ii-amine zesibini azisetyenziswa ngokuthe ngqo; ikakhulu zizinto eziluhlaza zokuvelisa ii-dialkyl tertiary amines kunye neetyuwa ze-quaternary ammonium. Izicelo eziqhelekileyo ziquka izibulali-zinambuzane, iziqinisi zeepolymers ze-dioxane, ii-agents zokuthintela amanzi, ii-antistatic agents kunye nezithambileyo zeefayibha, izinto eziluhlaza zokusasazwa kwezithambisi zelaphu zamanzi, izithako zokuxuba amafutha e-hydrocarbon, izongezo zephepha, izongezo zepetroleum, izongezo zelaphu nokunye.
Ii-amines ze-Aliphatic tertiarybhekisa kwiikhompawundi ezenziwe xa zonke iiathom ezintathu zehydrogen zemolekyuli ye-ammonia zithathelwa indawo ngokupheleleyo ngamaqela e-alkyl aliphatic. Njengee-amines eziphambili, ii-amines ze-tertiary zinoluhlu olubanzi kakhulu lwezicelo. Zingasetyenziswa ngokuthe ngqo kwizigcini, izongezo zeoyile yepetroli, ii-bactericides, ii-extractants zeesinyithi ezinqabileyo, imveliso yezithambiso, imveliso ye-citric acid, ii-polyethylene antistatic agents, ii-polyurethane foam accelerators kunye nee-coagulants, kunye nee-release agents, ii-anti-blocking agents, izixhobo zokucubungula, ii-gloss agents kunye nee-odor removers kwimveliso yerabha. Ukongeza, zinokusetyenziselwa ukuvelisa ii-cationic surfactants kunye nee-amphoteric surfactants.
Ixesha leposi: Meyi-09-2026