Rarrabawa da Kadarorin Masu Surfactants Masu Kore

Masu surfactantssuna haifar da haɗari mai tsanani ga jikin ɗan adam da muhalli yayin samarwa da amfani da su. Ƙara wani adadin sinadarin surfactant-Maganin da aka yi amfani da shi wajen wanke sabulun na iya inganta narkewar su da kuma aikin wanke su. Duk da haka, waɗannan sinadaran suna da guba har zuwa wani lokaci kuma suna iya haifar da ƙaiƙayi a fata. Yawan amfani da surfactants shima yana kawo haɗari ga yanayin halittu. Misali, sodium alkylbenzene sulfonate (ABS) yana da ƙarancin lalacewa ta hanyar halitta. Yawan amfani da shi a cikin sabulun yana haifar da kumfa mai yawa, wanda ke haifar da kumfa mai yawa a cikin magudanar ruwa da koguna na birane. Abubuwan da ke ɗauke da phosphates suna haifar da eutrophication a cikin koguna da tafkuna idan aka yi amfani da su. Sulfur dioxide da sulfur trioxide da aka samar yayin ƙera linear alkylbenzene sulfonate (LAS), da kuma dioxin-abubuwa kamar su alcohol ethoxylate sulfate (AES)-nau'ikan samfuran, suna da juriya ga lalacewar halittu kuma suna haifar da mummunar illa ga muhalli.

Don saduwa da mutane'lafiyar da ke ƙaruwa-buƙatun kulawa da kuma tabbatar da ci gaba mai ɗorewa na muhallin rayuwar ɗan adam, yana da matuƙar muhimmanci a samar da abubuwan da ba su da sinadarai masu rai kamar su.-guba kuma ba ta da illa ga mutane gwargwadon iyawa kuma ba ta haifar da gurɓatawa ga muhalli ba.

Rarrabawa da Kadarorin Masu Surfactants Masu Kore

Masu surfactants kore suna nufin masu surfactants waɗanda aka sarrafa daga albarkatun halitta ko masu sabuntawa, waɗanda ke da ƙarancin ƙaiƙayi ga ɗan adam da kuma waɗanda ba sa lalacewa a shirye. Dangane da ko sun rabu cikin ruwa, ana iya raba masu surfactants kore zuwa waɗanda ba su da alaƙa da ruwa.-Masu surfactants kore na ionic da masu surfactants kore na ionic. An ƙara rarraba masu surfactants kore na ionic zuwa cationic, anionic da amphoteric-Nau'in ionic bisa ga sinadaran da suke aiki bayan narkewa.

Ana sarrafa surfactants kore daga albarkatun halitta ko na sabuntawa, don haka suna da kyawawan halaye kamar asalin halitta, laushi da ƙarancin ƙaiƙayi. Kamar surfactants na gargajiya, surfactants kore suna ɗauke da ƙungiyoyin hydrophilic da ƙungiyoyin hydrophobic. Idan aka kwatanta da surfactants na gargajiya, surfactants kore suna samar da babban inganci.-sabulun wanke-wanke mai inganci, kyakkyawan jituwa da dacewa da muhalli mai kyau, kuma yana nuna kyawawan abubuwan emulsifying, wanki, narkewa, jika, narkewa da daidaita halaye.

Bugu da ƙari, kowane nau'in surfactant kore yana da halaye na musamman. Misali,α‌gishirin sulfo fatty acid ester (MEC) yana nuna aikin saman a ƙarancin yawan abu da tauri.-juriya ga ruwa; monoalkyl phosphate yana da kyakkyawan aiki na kumfa da emulsion, yana da ikon hana tsufa da kuma alaƙar fata ta musamman. Abubuwan da ake amfani da surfactants na kore sun haɗa daα‌sulfo fatty acid methyl ester (MEC), alkyl polyglycoside (APG), glucose amide (APA), alcohol ether carboxylate (AEC), monoalkyl phosphate (MAP), da alkyl glucose amide (MECA).

Kadara, Aikace-aikace da Matsayin Yanzu na Nau'ikan Masu Ruwa da Kore da yawa

Ana siffanta surfactants masu launin kore da asalin halitta, laushi da ƙarancin ƙaiƙayi. Kamar surfactants na gargajiya, suna da ƙungiyoyin hydrophilic da ƙungiyoyin hydrophobic. Idan aka kwatanta da surfactants na gargajiya, surfactants masu launin kore suna da babban girma.-sabulun wanke-wanke mai inganci, kyakkyawan jituwa da dacewa da muhalli mai kyau, da kuma emulsifying, wanki, narkewa, jika, narkewa da kuma daidaita ayyukan.

●Alkyl Polyglucosides(APG)

Alkyl polyglucoside (APG) sabon magani ne-muhallin tsararraki-Mai samar da ruwan kore mai kyau. Ba shi da wani abu da zai iya maye gurbinsa.-ionic surfactant wanda aka haɗa ta hanyar amsawar glucose daga kayan halitta ko na zamani kamar sitaci tare da barasa mai kitse.-APG yana da ƙarfin kumfa mai kyau, ƙarancin ƙaiƙayi ga jikin ɗan adam da kuma sauƙin lalata shi. Yana gabatar da ƙarancin tashin hankali a saman, kyakkyawan sabulun wanki, kumfa mai kyau da laushi, ƙarfin jituwa, da kuma tasirin haɗin gwiwa a bayyane tare da duk nau'ikan surfactants. Hakanan yana da faɗi.-Aikin ƙwayoyin cuta na bakan gizo, yana da sauƙin narkewa, ba ya nuna alamun gajimare ko gelation, kuma yana da sauƙin amfani da shi tare da alkali mai ƙarfi-juriya da gishiri-haƙuri.

Ana amfani da kayan aikin samar da APG ta baki-glucose mai kyau da kuma fatty alcohols. Saboda rashinsa.-guba kuma ba-Abubuwan da ke da ban haushi, APG yana aiki a matsayin madadin magungunan surfactants na gargajiya kuma yana da fa'idodi masu yawa na amfani. Ana amfani da shi sosai a fannoni na masana'antu, ciki har da magungunan kashe kwari, sabulun wanki, kayan kwalliya, abinci, magunguna, da wuta.-yaƙi, yadi, bugu da rini, da kuma man fetur.

●Alcohol Ether Sulfate (AES)

Ana samun Alcohol ether sulfate (AES) ta hanyar samar da sinadarin sulfate mai kitse, wanda ake samarwa ta hanyar haɗakar sinadaran tsakanin manyan alcohols masu kitse da kuma ethylene oxide. A matsayin muhimmin nau'in sinadarin anionic surfactants, AES yana da ƙarfi mai kyau.-juriyar ruwa, aikin kumfa da ƙarancin aiki-yanayin zafi. Yana lalacewa cikin sauri, yana haifar da ɗan ƙaiƙayi a fata, kuma yana nuna kyakkyawan jituwa da enzymes. Maganinsa yana da haske kuma mai karko, kuma ana iya daidaita dankonsa cikin sauƙi ta hanyar electrolytes. Saboda haka, ana amfani da AES sosai a cikin sabulun ruwa, mai ƙarancin zafi.-phosphorus da phosphorus-Sabulun wanke-wanke kyauta, da kayayyakin kula da kai. Haka kuma shine babban sinadarin anionic kore surfactant a kasar Sin.-Nau'ikan samfuran sun haɗa da Guerbet alcohol sulfate (GAS), Guerbet alcohol phosphate (GAP), Guerbet alcohol ethoxylate sulfate (GAES) da Guerbet alcohol ethoxylate phosphate (GAEP).

●Sulfonate na Methyl Ester (MES)

MES sabon abu ne-Tsarin samar da sinadarin kore. Bincikensa da haɓaka shi ya ɗauki tsawon rabin ƙarni. Tsawon shekaru da dama, kusan komai yana da kyau.-Kamfanonin sabulun wanke-wanke da aka sani sun sadaukar da kai sosai ga MES kuma sun yaba da ingancin aikinta. An samo shi daga kayan masarufi na halitta da na sabuntawa, MES wani yanki ne na muhalli.-Samfurin kore mai sauƙin amfani tare da sauƙin lalata shi. MES yana da sauƙi, kuma ƙaiƙayi da gubarsa ga mutane sun yi ƙasa da na linear alkylbenzene sulfonate (LAS), wanda aka yi daidai da AS da AES. Ba shi da guba ta baki kuma kusan ba shi da guba.-Yana da guba ga halittun ruwa. Yana ba da kyakkyawan aikin wankewa a cikin ruwan sanyi da na tauri, kuma ruwan wanke-wankensa ya zarce na LAS da AS, tare da fa'idodi mafi girma a cikin ruwan tauri.—babban rauni na LAS. Yana da mafi kyawun phosphorus-babu wasu sinadarai masu 'yanci fiye da LAS. LAS tana fuskantar raguwar sabulun wanke-wanke idan babu alkali da sodium tripolyphosphate, yayin da MES ke fuskantar ƙarancin asarar aiki. Saboda haka MES ya dace musamman don ƙera phosphorus.-kyauta / ƙasa-phosphorus eco-Sabulun wanke-wanke masu sauƙin amfani. Duk da waɗannan fa'idodi, ainihin fitowar sa a kowace shekara ya daɗe yana kusan 20 000 Tons. Tallace-tallacen kasuwancinsa galibi yana da iyaka saboda matsalolin masana'antu da tsari: zurfin launi, sauƙin hydrolysis zuwa rashin kyau.-gishirin disodium na sabulu yayin yin bleaching, rashin kwanciyar hankali na zafi a ƙarƙashin yanayin ruwan alkaline, da kuma matsalolin yin tsari.

●Gemini Surfactants masu lalacewa

Gemini surfactants suna da tsarin kwayoyin halitta na musamman. Kwayoyin surfactant na monomeric gabaɗaya sun ƙunshi sarkar hydrophobic guda ɗaya da kuma rukunin hydrophilic guda ɗaya. Sabanin haka, ƙwayoyin Gemini surfactant galibi suna ƙunshe da sarƙoƙi biyu (ko uku) na hydrophobic, ƙungiyoyi biyu na hydrophilic da kuma rukunin spacer guda ɗaya kusa da sassan hydrophilic. Ƙungiyar spacer na iya zama ko dai hydrophilic ko hydrophobic. Idan aka kwatanta da monomeric surfactants, Gemini surfactants suna da halaye masu ban mamaki da yawa: babban aikin saman, ƙarancin Krafft point da kyakkyawan narkewar ruwa, ingantaccen aiki wajen rage tashin hankali na saman ruwa, ƙarfi da tasirin haɗin gwiwa lokacin da aka haɗa su da monomeric surfactants, kyakkyawan lemun tsami-ƙarfin watsa sabulu, ƙarfin rage mai-Tashin hankali a fuskar ruwa, ƙarfin narkewar mai, da kuma rage ƙaiƙayi a fata. Gemini surfactants suna wakiltar sabbin abubuwa masu ban mamaki.-nau'in kayayyakin. Duk da haka, yawan farashin samarwa yana iyakance masana'antu, kuma samfuran Gemini guda biyu ne kawai ake da su a yanzu.

●Polyepoxysuccinic Acid (PESA), Polyaspartic Acid (PASP)

Polyepoxysuccinic acid (PESA) wani sinadari ne na phosphorus-free kuma nitrogen-Kamfanin Betz Laboratories a Amurka ya fara ƙirƙirar wani abu mai kyau a farkon shekarun 1990. PESA ta nuna kyakkyawan tsari mai kyau, wanda zai iya lalata ƙwayoyin cuta da kuma lalata ƙwayoyin cuta masu lalacewa.-hana aiki; a halin yanzu, phosphorus ne-free, nitrogen-kyauta kuma mai sauƙin lalatawa. Ya shafi manyan-alkaline da kuma yawan-jimilla-narkar da-Tsarin ruwa mai ƙarfi, kuma ana iya amfani da shi don maganin ruwan tukunya, maganin ruwan sanyaya, maganin najasa, tsaftace ruwan teku, rabuwar membrane da sauran yanayi.

Girmansa-hanawa da tsatsa-Ayyukan hanawa sun fi na sodium polyacrylate, polymaleic acid da tartaric acid kyau. Tare da ingantattun hanyoyin kera kayayyaki, PESA na iya lalacewa cikin inganci da kwanciyar hankali ta hanyar ƙwayoyin cuta ko fungi zuwa ƙarshen da ba shi da lahani ga muhalli.-samfurin bayan amfani, don haka ana ɗaukar shi a matsayin"muhalli-abokantaka"Sinadaran kore. Ya zama wurin bincike da haɓaka ga masu tace ruwa a gida da waje, kuma ci gaban ƙasashen waje a wannan fanni ya ci gaba cikin sauri a cikin 'yan shekarun nan.

Ana yin polymer na polyaspartic acid daga aspartic acid ko maleic acid a ƙarƙashin tasirin mai kara kuzari. Ana amfani da shi sosai a cikin maganin ruwa don sanyaya ruwan, ruwan tukunya, ruwan tace gishiri, dawo da sukari, da kuma sauran hanyoyin aiki. Musamman a cikin mai.-Wuraren haƙa rijiyoyi a fannin samar da mai, yana aiki a matsayin mai hana haɓakar calcium carbonate, barium sulfate da kuma hazo na calcium sulfate. Masu bincike na ƙasashen waje sun yi nazarin haɗakar, tsari da halayen polyaspartic acid kuma sun gano aikace-aikacensa a masana'antu. An kuma gudanar da bincike mai zurfi a China. Tare da kyakkyawan yanayin lalata halittu da kuma kyakkyawan matsayi.-hana aiki, polyaspartic-mai tsami-Ana ɗaukar magungunan maganin ruwa na asali a matsayin ainihin masu hana sikelin kore.