ʻO ka holoi ʻana o nā surfactants ke ʻano nui e hāʻawi ai i nā surfactants i kā lākou pono hana nui loa. He pili loa ia i ke ola o kēlā me kēia lā o nā tausani o nā hale a ke hoʻohana nui ʻia nei hoʻi i nā ʻoihana like ʻole a me nā hana ʻoihana.
1.Ka hopena antistatic of nā mea hoʻoheheʻe
Hoʻoulu pinepine nā olonā, nā palakiko a me nā huahana ʻē aʻe i ka uila static ma muli o ka friction, kahi e hoʻopilikia ai i ka hana o ia mau huahana. No ka laʻana, inā loaʻa i nā lole fiber ka uila static, loaʻa pinepine lākou i nā drawbacks e like me ka "clinging" a i ʻole "static adhesion", a me ka maʻalahi o ka omo ʻana i ka lepo a me ka lepo maʻalahi. ʻOi aku ka nui o ka hopena o ka uila static ma nā huahana palakiko: ʻaʻole wale ia mau huahana e hoʻopili maʻalahi i ka lepo, kahi e hoʻopilikia ai i ko lākou transparency, ka maʻemaʻe o ka ʻili a me ke ʻano, akā e hōʻemi ana hoʻi i kā lākou hana lawelawe a me ka waiwai.
No ka hoʻopau ʻana i kēia hanana static, ua hoʻohana nui ʻia ke ʻano antistatic e hoʻohana ana i nā surfactants i kēia manawa. Ua kapa ʻia kēlā mau surfactants he mau mea antistatic.
2.Uila paʻanā hanana a me ko lākou mau kumu
ʻOiai ʻokoʻa iki nā hopena o ke kaʻina hoʻouka fiber i loaʻa e nā mea noiʻi like ʻole, ʻo nā fibers e loaʻa ana nā pilina amide e like me ka hulu hipa, nylon a me ka hulu hipa artificial e hoʻopiʻi maikaʻi ʻia. Hōʻike ʻia nā kūlana hoʻouka o nā plastics maʻamau ma ka Papa 10-2. ʻO ke kaʻina hoʻouka o nā mea maʻamau mai ka maikaʻi a i ka maikaʻi ʻole penei: (+) Polyurethane - Lauoho - Nylon - Hulu hipa - Silika - Fiber Viscose - Pulupulu - Laho paʻa - Fiber Acetate - Vinylon - Polypropylene - Polyester - Polyacrylonitrile - Polyvinyl chloride - Vinyl chloride-acrylonitrile copolymer - Polyethylene - Polytetrafluoroethylene (–). ʻOiai ʻaʻole i maopopo loa ke kumu o ka hana uila static, ua ʻae like ʻia ua hana ʻia ka uila static i ka wā e hamo ai nā ʻano mea like ʻole kekahi i kekahi, e hoʻoulu ai i nā uku hoʻoneʻe e hoʻoili ma waena o nā mea i hamo ʻia. Hiki ke hoʻoholo ʻia ke ʻano o ka uku a kahi mea e lawe ai e ka loaʻa a i ʻole ka nalowale ʻana o nā electrons. Lilo kahi mea i hoʻopiʻi maikaʻi ʻia inā nalowale nā electrons, a hoʻopiʻi maikaʻi ʻole inā loaʻa nā electrons.
ʻElua mau ala nui no ka hoʻopau ʻana i ka uila static:
(1) Ke ʻano kino. ʻOiai ua hoʻopilikia ʻia ka nui o ka uila static e ka mahana a me ka makū, hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia nā ʻano kino e like me ka hoʻoponopono ʻana i ka mahana a me ka makū a me ka hoʻokuʻu ʻana o ka corona e hoʻopau i ka uila static ma luna o nā mea.
(2) Ke ʻano kemika ʻili. ʻO ia hoʻi, hoʻohana ʻia nā surfactants, i ʻike ʻia hoʻi he mau mea antistatic, e mālama i nā ʻili o nā fibers a me nā huahana plastik a i ʻole i kāwili ʻia i loko o nā plastik e hoʻokō ai i ke kumu o ka hoʻopau ʻana i ka uila static.
4.mea hana antistatic no nā olonā
4.1Nā pono no kahi mea hana antistatic:
(1) ʻAʻole ia e hoʻololi i ke ʻano o ka lima o nā olonā;
(2) E loaʻa iā ia ka hopena antistatic maikaʻi loa me kahi dosage haʻahaʻa a noho pono i nā mahana haʻahaʻa;
(3) Pono ia e kūlike maikaʻi me nā olonā resin;
(4) E hōʻike ia i ka launa maikaʻi loa me nā mea hoʻohui ʻē aʻe;
(5) ʻAʻole ia e hoʻoulu i ka huʻa a i ʻole nā palapala wai;
(6) ʻAʻole ia he mea ʻawahia a ʻaʻole hoʻi e hoʻonāukiuki i ka ʻili;
(7) E mālama ia i ke kūpaʻa maikaʻi.
4.2Nā ʻano o nā mea hana antistatic
ʻO nā ʻano nui o nā mea antistatic i hoʻohana ʻia no nā fibers he cationic a me amphoteric ionic surfactants.
4.3ʻAno Hana o nā Mea Antistatic
No nā surfactants i hoʻohana ʻia ma ke ʻano he mau mea antistatic fiber, ʻo ka ʻōnaehana antistatic e pili nui ana i ʻelua mau ʻano: ka pale ʻana i ka hana uila static ma luna o ka ʻili o nā lole fiber ma muli o ka friction a me ka hoʻopuehu ʻana i nā uku ʻili. ʻO ka pale ʻana i ka electrification frictional e pili pono ana i ke ʻano o nā surfactants, ʻoiai ʻo ka hoʻopuehu ʻana o nā uku ʻili e pili ana i ka nui o ka adsorption a me ka hygroscopicity o nā surfactants ma nā lole fiber.
Hoʻopili maʻalahi nā surfactants cationic ma luna o nā ʻili fiber i hoʻopiʻi maikaʻi ʻole ʻia ma o kā lākou mau uku ponoʻī.
① Hiki iā lākou ke hoʻopau i nā uku o luna o nā olonā;
② I ka wā e hoʻopili ai nā surfactants cationic ma luna o nā ʻili fiber ma ke ʻano o nā ion ammonium quaternary i hoʻopiʻi maikaʻi ʻia me ko lākou mau kaulahao hydrocarbon hydrophobic e kū pono ana i waho, e hana ʻia kahi kiʻiʻoniʻoni adsorption kuhikuhi i haku ʻia me nā kaulahao hydrocarbon ma luna o ka ʻili fiber. Hoʻemi maikaʻi kēia kiʻiʻoniʻoni i ka ikaika frictional i hana ʻia ma ka ʻili fiber i ka wā o ka friction, a laila e hoʻonāwaliwali ana i ka electrification frictional.
No nā olonā synthetic me ka polarity haʻahaʻa a me ka hydrophobicity ikaika, hoʻopili nā surfactants cationic ma luna o ka ʻili o ka fiber ma o nā ikaika van der Waals ma o kā lākou mau kaulahao hydrocarbon hydrophobic, me kā lākou mau hui ammonium quaternary polar e kū pono ana i waho. Uhi kēia i ka ʻili o ka fiber me nā hui polar hydrophilic, ʻaʻole wale ia e hoʻonui i ka conductivity uila o ka ʻili o ka fiber akā hoʻonui pū i kona makū o ka ʻili, e hoʻomaʻamaʻa ana i ka hoʻolaha ʻana o ka uila static i hana ʻia e ka friction a me ka hoʻokō ʻana i kahi hopena antistatic.
ʻOi aku ka nui o ka adsorption o ka dioctadecyl ammonium chloride ma nā ʻili o ka fiber kūlohelohe ma mua o nā fiber synthetic, e hōʻike ana i kona hopena antistatic maikaʻi loa ma nā fiber kūlohelohe.
E like me nā surfactants cationic, lawe nā surfactants ionic amphoteric i nā uku maikaʻi a hiki ke hoʻopili ma luna o nā ʻili fiber i hoʻopiʻi maikaʻi ʻole ʻia e hoʻopau i nā uku static. Hoʻemi pū kā lākou mau hui hydrophobic i ka friction. Ke hoʻohālikelike ʻia me nā surfactants cationic, loaʻa pū iā lākou kahi hui anionic i loko o kā lākou ʻano molekala, e hiki ai ke hoʻonui maikaʻi i ka makū a me ka hoʻolaha ʻana o ka uku. No laila, he mau mea antistatic hana kiʻekiʻe nā surfactants ionic amphoteric, ʻoiai ma ke kumukūʻai kiʻekiʻe.
Hōʻike nā surfactants anionic a me non-ionic i nā hopena antistatic maikaʻi ʻole ma muli o ko lākou nui adsorption haʻahaʻa ma nā ʻili fiber. ʻOi aku ka nui o ka adsorption o nā surfactants non-ionic ma mua o nā surfactants anionic no ka mea ʻaʻole i hoʻopilikia ʻia e nā uku ʻili fiber; akā naʻe, nāwaliwali ko lākou hiki ke hoʻokuʻu i ka uila static, e hopena ana i ka hana antistatic haʻahaʻa loa i hoʻohālikelike ʻia me nā surfactants ionic cationic a me amphoteric.
5.Nā mea hana antistatic no nā plastik
ʻAno hana o nā surfactants e hana ana ma ke ʻano he mau mea antistatic no nā plastics: Hoʻopili nā Surfactants ma luna o ka ʻili plastik ma o nā mana van der Waals ma o kā lākou mau kaulahao hydrocarbon hydrophobic, me kā lākou mau hui polar e hoʻolōʻihi ana i waho. Hoʻokumu ʻia kahi kiʻiʻoniʻoni adsorption kuhikuhi o nā surfactants ma luna o ka ʻili plastik, e hāʻawi ana i ka conductivity uila e hiki ai i nā uku static ke hoʻoheheʻe pono. I kēia manawa, hoʻēmi pū ka kiʻiʻoniʻoni adsorption i ka friction ma ka ʻili plastik.
Ua hoʻokaʻawale ʻia nā mea antistatic plastik e ke ʻano surfactant penei:
(1) ʻAno anionic;
(2) ʻAno Cationic;
(3) ʻAno ionic amphoteric;
(4) ʻAno nonionika.
Hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia nā mea antistatic i ʻelua mau ʻāpana e like me ke ʻano o ka hoʻohana ʻana:
(1) Nā mea antistatic uhi ʻili;
(2) Nā mea hoʻohuihui antistatic i loko.
Ka manawa hoʻouna: ʻApelila-14-2026