Ngā amine aliphatice pā ana ki tētahi akomanga nui o ngā matū amine waro me te roa o te mekameka waro mai i te C8 ki te C22. Pērā i ngā amine noa, ka wehea kia whā ngā wāhanga: ngā amine tuatahi, ngā amine tuarua, ngā amine tuatoru me ngā polyamine. Ka whakarōpūtia ngā amine tuatahi, tuarua me te tuatoru i runga i te maha o ngā ngota hauwai i roto i te haukini kua whakakapia e ngā rōpū alkyl.
He matū waro ngā amine aliphatic i ahu mai i te haukini. He wairewa ngā amine aliphatic mekameka-poto me ngā mekameka waro C8-C10 i roto i te wai, engari ko ngā amine aliphatic mekameka-roa kāore e wairewa i roto i te wai. Kei roto i ngā āhua wai, totoka rānei i te pāmahana rūma, ā, he kawakore. Hei pūtake waro, ka taea e rātou te whakararuraru me te waikura i te kiri me ngā kiriuhi mucous.
Ko te nuinga o ēnei ka puta mai i roto i ngā tauhohenga e whai ake nei: ka tauhohe ngā waipiro ngako ki te dimethylamine hei whakaputa i ngā monoalkyldimethyl tertiary amines; ka tauhohe ngā waipiro ngako ki te monomethylamine hei whakaputa i ngā dialkylmonomethyl tertiary amines; ka tauhohe ngā waipiro ngako ki te haukini hei whakaputa i ngā trialkyl tertiary amines.
Tuatahi, ka tauhohe ngā waikawa ngako ki te haukini hei whakaputa i ngā nitrile ngako, ā, ka pāngia ngā nitrile ngako e te hauwai hei hanga i ngā amine tuatahi, tuarua rānei, ngako. Ka tukuna ngā amine tuatahi, tuarua rānei ki te hauwai-methylation hei whakaputa i ngā amine tuatoru. Ka taea e ngā amine tuatahi te hanga i ngā diamine mā te cyanoethylation, ā, ka whai muri ko te hauwai; ka taea e ngā diamine te whakaputa anō i ngā triamine mā te cyanoethylation me te hauwai, ā, ka taea te huri i ngā triamine ki ngā tetraamine mā te cyanoethylation me te hauwai anō.
Ngā tono tika
Ngā amine tuatahika taea te whakamahi hei aukati waikura, hei hinu whakahinuhinu, hei kaihoko tuku, hei tāpiri hinu, hei tāpiri tukatuka tae, hei whakamātotoru, hei kaihoko mākū, hei kaihoko ārai-puehu mō ngā maniua matū, hei tāpiri hinu miihini, hei kaihoko ārai-piki mō ngā maniua matū, hei kaihoko hanga kiriata, hei kaihoko whakamānu, hei hinu taputapu, hei ārai wai, hei tāpiri ārai-wai, hei whakamomona ware pi me ētahi atu hua.
Ko ngā amine tuatahi waro-nui kua kukūhia pērā i te octadecylamine hei kaihoko tuku mō te rapa mārō me te pahuka polyurethane. Ka whakamahia te Dodecylamine i roto i te whakahoutanga o ngā rapa tūturu me ngā rapa hangai, hei kaihoroi i roto i ngā otinga whakakikorua tine kore-hiko, me te whakaputa i ngā hua malt mā te whakaiti i te isomaltose. Ka whakamahia te Oleylamine hei tāpiri mō ngā wahie tīhiera.
Te whakaputanga oNgā Kaihoroi Kationika
He mahi pai ngā amine tuatahi me ō rātou tote hei kaiārahi whakamānu kohuke, hei kaiārahi ārai-whakakoi mō ngā maniua matū, hei kaiārahi ārai-wai pepa, hei kaiārahi aukati waikura, hei tāpiri hinu whakahinuhinu, hei patu huakita mō te umanga hinu, hei tāpiri wahie me te penehīni, hei kaiārahi horoi hiko, hei kaiārahi whakapūmau, hei rauemi mata mō te hanga uku whakapūmau, hei tāpiri tukatuka tae, hei matū maimoatanga wai me hei kaiārahi hanga kiriata. Ka taea te whakamahi i ngā amine tuatahi hei hanga i ngā kaiārahi whakapūmau uku tote ammonia quaternary, e whakamahia whānuitia ana i roto i te whakatakoto me te tiaki i ngā huarahi tere teitei. Ka whakaitihia e ēnei kaiārahi whakapūmau te kaha o te mahi i te wā hanga me te tiaki, ā, ka āwhina ki te whakaroa i te roa o te ora o ngā mata o ngā rori.
Te whakaputanga oNgā Kaihoroi Kore-Ionic
Ko ngā tāpiringa i hangaia mā te tauhohenga o ngā amine tuatahi aliphatic me te ethylene oxide e whakamahia ana hei āpiha ārai-pūmau i roto i te umanga kirihou. Kāore e rewa ngā amine ethoxylated i roto i ngā kirihou, nō reira ka heke ki ngā mata kirihou wāhanga. Kia tae atu ki te mata, ka mimiti katoatia e ngā amine ethoxylated te makuku mai i te hau, ka waiho te mata kirihou hei ārai-pūmau.
Te whakaputanga oNgā Kaihoroi Amphoteric
Ka tauhohe a Dodecylamine ki te methyl acrylate, ā, muri iho ka saponification me te neutralization hei whakaputa i te N-dodecyl-β-alanine. Ko ngā āhuatanga o tēnei momo surfactants: he wai mārama, he wai kore tae rānei ō rātou otinga wai, he wairewa ki te wai, ki te etanoru rānei, he ngāwari te pirau, he ātete ki te wai mārō, he iti te riri o te kiri, he iti hoki te paitini. Kei roto i ā rātou whakamahinga ko ngā kaihoko pahuka, ngā emulsifier, ngā aukati waikura, ngā hopi horoi wai, ngā shampoo, ngā whakangawari makawe, ngā whakangawari, ngā kaihoko ārai-pūmau me te maha atu.
Wā tuku: Pipiri-16-2026