Mafomu ndi Kugwiritsa Ntchito Mafuta A Amines

Aliphatic aminesamatanthauza gulu lalikulu la mankhwala a amine achilengedwe okhala ndi kutalika kwa unyolo wa kaboni kuyambira C8 mpaka C22. Monga ma amine wamba, amagawidwa m'magulu anayi: ma amine oyambira, ma amine achiwiri, ma amine achitatu ndi ma polyamine. Ma amine oyambira, achiwiri ndi achitatu amagawidwa malinga ndi kuchuluka kwa maatomu a haidrojeni mu ammonia omwe amalowetsedwa m'malo mwa magulu a alkyl.

Ma aliphatic amines ndi zinthu zachilengedwe zochokera ku ammonia. Ma aliphatic amines afupiafupi okhala ndi unyolo wa kaboni wa C8-C10 amakhala ndi kusungunuka kwina m'madzi, pomwe ma aliphatic amines afupiafupi nthawi zambiri sasungunuka m'madzi. Amapezeka m'madzi kapena m'malo olimba kutentha kwa chipinda ndipo ndi amchere. Monga maziko achilengedwe, amatha kukwiyitsa ndikuwononga khungu ndi nembanemba ya mucous.

Amapangidwa makamaka kudzera mu zochitika izi: mafuta oledzera amakumana ndi dimethylamine kuti apange monoalkyldimethyl tertiary amines; mafuta oledzera amakumana ndi monomethylamine kuti apange dialkylmonomethyl tertiary amines; mafuta oledzera amakumana ndi ammonia kuti apange trialkyl tertiary amines.

Choyamba, mafuta acids amakumana ndi ammonia kuti apange mafuta a nitrile, ndipo mafuta a nitrile amalowa mu hydrogenation kuti apange mafuta a primary kapena secondary amines. Amines oyambira kapena achiwiri amalowa mu hydro-methylation kuti apange ma tertiary amines. Amines oyambira amatha kupanga ma diamine kudzera mu cyanoethylation kutsatiridwa ndi hydrogenation; ma diamine amatha kupanga ma triamine kudzera mu cyanoethylation ndi hydrogenation, ndipo ma triamine amatha kusinthidwa kukhala tetraamines pogwiritsa ntchito cyanoethylation ndi hydrogenation mobwerezabwereza.

Mapulogalamu Olunjika

Ma amini oyambiraZingagwiritsidwe ntchito ngati zoletsa dzimbiri, mafuta odzola, zotulutsa mafuta, zowonjezera mafuta, zowonjezera utoto, zokhuthala, zonyowetsa, zotsutsana ndi fumbi la feteleza wa mankhwala, zowonjezera mafuta a injini, zotsutsana ndi kukhetsa feteleza wa mankhwala, zopangira filimu, zoyambitsa kuyandama, zodzola zamagetsi, zoletsa madzi, zowonjezera zosalowa madzi, zosakaniza za sera ndi zinthu zina.

Ma amine oyambira okhala ndi mpweya wambiri monga octadecylamine amagwira ntchito ngati zotulutsira mphamvu za mphira wolimba ndi thovu la polyurethane. Dodecylamine imagwiritsidwa ntchito pokonzanso ma rabara achilengedwe ndi opangidwa, ngati ma surfactants mu njira zopangira ma electroless tin plating, komanso popanga malt derivatives kudzera mu reductive amination ya isomaltose. Oleylamine imagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati chowonjezera cha mafuta a dizilo.

Kupanga kwaMa Surfactants a Cationic

Ma amine oyambira ndi mchere wawo amagwira ntchito ngati zinthu zothandiza pakuyandama kwa mchere, zinthu zoletsa kuyika kwa feteleza kapena zinthu zophulika, zinthu zoletsa madzi papepala, zinthu zoletsa dzimbiri, zinthu zowonjezera mafuta, mabakiteriya ophera mafuta, zinthu zowonjezera mafuta ndi mafuta, zinthu zoyeretsera zamagetsi, zinthu zopangira dongo la organometallic, zinthu zowonjezera pakupanga utoto, mankhwala ochizira madzi ndi zinthu zopangira mafilimu. Ma amine oyambira angagwiritsidwe ntchito popanga zinthu zoyambitsa mchere wa ammonium salt asphalt, zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri popanga misewu yayikulu. Zinthu zoyambitsa izi zimachepetsa mphamvu ya ntchito panthawi yomanga ndi kukonza ndipo zimathandiza kukulitsa moyo wa ntchito ya misewu.

Kupanga kwaMankhwala Osagwiritsa Ntchito Ma Surfactants

Ma ducts opangidwa ndi momwe ma aliphatic primary amines amachitira ndi ethylene oxide amagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka ngati antistatic agents mumakampani opanga mapulasitiki. Ma ethoxylated amines sasungunuka m'mapulasitiki motero amasamukira ku malo apulasitiki ochepa. Akafika pamwamba, ma ethoxylated amines amayamwa chinyezi chonse kuchokera mumlengalenga, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pamwamba pa pulasitiki pakhale antistatic.

Kupanga kwaMankhwala Opangira Ma Surfactants a Amphoteric

Dodecylamine imachitapo kanthu ndi methyl acrylate, kenako saponification ndi neutralization kuti ipange N-dodecyl-β-alanine. Ma surfactants amtunduwu ali ndi zinthu izi: madzi ake ndi amadzimadzi opepuka kapena opanda mtundu, osungunuka m'madzi kapena ethanol, osavuta kuwola, osagwedezeka ndi madzi olimba, osayabwa khungu komanso osaopsa kwambiri. Ntchito zawo zimaphatikizapo zinthu zotulutsa thovu, zosakaniza, zoletsa dzimbiri, zotsukira madzi, zotsukira tsitsi, zofewetsa tsitsi, zofewetsa tsitsi, zoletsa kusinthasintha kwa khungu ndi zina zambiri.