Nā amine aliphatice pili ana i kahi papa nui o nā hui amine organik me nā lōʻihi kaulahao kalapona mai C8 a C22. E like me nā amine maʻamau, ua māhele ʻia lākou i ʻehā mau māhele: nā amine mua, nā amine lua, nā amine tertiary a me nā polyamines. Hoʻokaʻawale ʻia nā amine mua, lua a me tertiary e like me ka helu o nā ʻātoma hydrogen i loko o ka ammonia i pani ʻia e nā hui alkyl.
ʻO nā amine aliphatic he mau mea i loaʻa mai ka ammonia. ʻO nā amine aliphatic kaulahao pōkole me nā kaulahao kalapona C8-C10 he solubility iki i ka wai, ʻoiai ʻo nā amine aliphatic kaulahao lōʻihi he mea hoʻoheheʻe ʻole ia i ka wai. Aia lākou i nā ʻano wai a paʻa paha i ka mahana o ka lumi a he alkaline. Ma ke ʻano he kumu organik, hiki iā lākou ke hoʻonāukiuki a hōʻino i ka ʻili a me nā membrane mucous.
Hoʻopuka nui ʻia lākou ma o kēia mau hopena: hana nā ʻalekohola momona me ka dimethylamine e hana i nā monoalkyldimethyl tertiary amines; hana nā ʻalekohola momona me ka monomethylamine e hana i nā dialkylmonomethyl tertiary amines; hana nā ʻalekohola momona me ka ammonia e hana i nā trialkyl tertiary amines.
ʻO ka mea mua, hana nā waikawa momona me ka ammonia e hana i nā nitriles momona, a hana nā nitriles momona i ka hydrogenation e hana i nā amines mua a lua paha. Hoʻokomo ʻia nā amines mua a lua paha i ka hydro-methylation e loaʻa ai nā amines tertiary. Hiki i nā amines mua ke hana i nā diamines ma o ka cyanoethylation a ukali ʻia e ka hydrogenation; hiki i nā diamines ke hana hou i nā triamines ma o ka cyanoethylation a me ka hydrogenation, a hiki ke hoʻololi ʻia nā triamines i nā tetraamines ma o ka cyanoethylation a me ka hydrogenation hou ʻia.
Nā Noi Pololei
Nā amine muahiki ke hoʻohana ʻia e like me nā mea hoʻopale i ka corrosion, nā lubricants, nā mea hoʻokuʻu, nā mea hoʻohui aila, nā mea hoʻohui hana pigment, nā thickeners, nā mea hoʻomaʻū, nā mea anti-dusting no nā mea hoʻouluulu kemika, nā mea hoʻohui aila mīkini, nā mea anti-caking no nā mea hoʻouluulu kemika, nā mea hana kiʻiʻoniʻoni, nā mea flotation, nā lubricants gear, nā mea pale wai, nā mea hoʻohui wai ʻole, nā emulsions wax a me nā huahana ʻē aʻe.
ʻO nā amines mua kalapona kiʻekiʻe i hoʻopiha ʻia e like me octadecylamine e lawelawe ma ke ʻano he mau mea hoʻokuʻu no ka rubber paʻakikī a me nā polyurethane foam. Hoʻopili ʻia ʻo Dodecylamine i ka hana hou ʻana o nā rubbers kūlohelohe a me synthetic, ma ke ʻano he surfactants i nā hopena electroless tin plating, a no ka hana ʻana i nā malt derivatives ma o ka reductive amination o isomaltose. Hoʻohana ʻia ʻo Oleylamine ma ke ʻano he mea hoʻohui no nā wahie diesel.
Hana ʻana oNā Surfactants Cationic
Hana nā amine mua a me ko lākou mau paʻakai ma ke ʻano he mau mea lana mineral kūpono, nā mea anti-caking no nā mea hoʻouluulu kemika a i ʻole nā mea pahū, nā mea pale wai pepa, nā mea hoʻopaʻa i ka palaho, nā mea hoʻohui lubricant, nā bactericides no ka ʻoihana petroleum, nā mea hoʻohui wahie a me ka gasoline, nā mea hoʻomaʻemaʻe uila, nā emulsifiers, nā mea maka no ka hana ʻana i ka palolo organometallic, nā mea hoʻohui hana pigment, nā kemika mālama wai a me nā mea hana kiʻiʻoniʻoni. Hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia nā amine mua e synthesize i nā emulsifiers asphalt paʻakai ammonium quaternary, kahi i hoʻohana nui ʻia i ka paving a me ka mālama ʻana i nā alaloa kiʻekiʻe. Hoʻemi kēia mau emulsifiers i ka ikaika o ka hana i ka wā o ke kūkulu ʻana a me ka mālama ʻana a kōkua i ka hoʻolōʻihi ʻana i ke ola lawelawe o nā ʻili alanui.
Hana ʻana oNā Surfactants Nonionic
ʻO nā Adducts i hoʻokumu ʻia e ka hopena o nā amines mua aliphatic me ka ethylene oxide e hoʻohana nui ʻia ma ke ʻano he mau mea antistatic i ka ʻoihana plastics. ʻAʻole hiki ke hoʻoheheʻe ʻia nā amines Ethoxylated i loko o nā plastics a no laila e neʻe i nā ʻili plastik hapa. Ke hiki i ka ʻili, hoʻopili piha nā amines ethoxylated i ka makū mai ka lewa, e hoʻolilo ana i ka ʻili plastik i antistatic.
Hana ʻana oNā Surfactants Amphoteric
Hoʻopili ʻo Dodecylamine me ka methyl acrylate, a ukali ʻia e ka saponification a me ka neutralization e hana i ka N-dodecyl-β-alanine. Loaʻa i nā Surfactants o kēia ʻano nā waiwai penei: ʻo kā lākou mau hopena wai he wai ʻālohilohi a ʻaʻohe kala, hiki ke hoʻoheheʻe ʻia i ka wai a i ʻole ka ethanol, maʻalahi ke palaho, kū i ka wai paʻakikī, haʻahaʻa i ka huhū o ka ʻili a haʻahaʻa i ka ʻawahia. ʻO kā lākou mau noi e pili ana i nā mea hoʻohua, nā emulsifiers, nā mea hoʻopaʻa i ka palaho, nā mea holoi wai, nā shampoos, nā mea hoʻomaʻemaʻe lauoho, nā mea palupalu, nā mea antistatic a me nā mea hou aku.
Ka manawa hoʻouna: Iune-16-2026