Imiterere n'ikoreshwa rya Amines zirimo ibinure

Amine za alifatikiyerekeza ku bwoko bunini bw'ibinyabutabire bya amine organic bifite uburebure bw'uruhererekane rwa karuboni kuva kuri C8 kugeza kuri C22. Kimwe n'amine zisanzwe, zigabanyijemo ibyiciro bine: amine z'ibanze, amine z'inyongera, amine z'inyongera na polyamine. Amine z'ibanze, iz'inyongera n'iz'inyongera zishyirwa mu byiciro hakurikijwe umubare wa atome za hydrogen muri amoniya zisimbuwe n'amatsinda ya alkyl.

Amine za Aliphatic ni ibintu bikomoka kuri amoniya. Amine za aliphatic zifite imiyoboro migufi ya C8-C10 zifite uburyo runaka bwo gushonga mu mazi, mu gihe amine za aliphatic zifite imiyoboro miremire muri rusange zidashonga mu mazi. Ziba mu mazi cyangwa mu buryo bukomeye ku bushyuhe bw'icyumba kandi ni alkaline. Nk'ishingiro ry'ibinyabuzima, zishobora gukurura no kwangiza uruhu n'imitsi.

Bikorwa ahanini binyuze mu buryo bukurikira: alcool zirimo amavuta zikorana na dimethylamine kugira ngo zikore monoalkyldimethyl tertiary amines; alcool zirimo amavuta zikorana na monomethylamine kugira ngo zikore dialkylmonomethyl tertiary amines; alcool zirimo amavuta zikorana na ammonia kugira ngo zikore trialkyl tertiary amines.

Ubwa mbere, aside irike ikorana na ammonia igatanga nitrile zirimo ibinure, naho nitrile zirimo ibinure zigashyirwamo hidrojeni kugira ngo zikore amine zirimo ibinure z’ibanze cyangwa iz’inyongera. Amine zirimo ibinure z’ibanze cyangwa iz’inyongera zishyirwamo hidrojeni kugira ngo zikore amine zirimo ibinure z’ibanze cyangwa iz’inyongera. Amine zirimo ibinure z’ibanze zishobora gukora diamine binyuze muri cyanoethylation hagakurikiraho hidrojeniation; diamine zishobora gukora triamine binyuze muri cyanoethylation na hidrojeniation, naho triamine zishobora guhindurwa tetraamine binyuze muri cyanoethylation na hidrojeniation zisubiramo.

Porogaramu zitaziguye

Amine z'ibanzeishobora gukoreshwa nk'ibintu bigabanya ingese, amavuta yo kwisiga, ibintu birekura, ibintu bivamo amavuta, ibintu bitunganya irangi, ibintu bigabanya ubushyuhe, ibintu bigabanya ivumbi mu ifumbire mvaruganda, ibintu bigabanya amavuta ya moteri, ibintu bigabanya ifumbire mvaruganda, ibintu bihindura filime, ibintu birekura imyuka, amavuta yo kwirukana amazi, ibintu bigabanya ubushyuhe mu mazi, ibintu bigabanya ubushyuhe mu mazi, ibintu bigabanya ubushyuhe mu mazi n'ibindi bicuruzwa.

Amine z’ibanze zifite karubone nyinshi nka octadecylamine zikora nk'ibintu birekura ifuro rikomeye rya rubber na polyurethane. Dodecylamine ikoreshwa mu kuvugurura rubber karemano n’izikozwe mu buryo bwa sintetike, nk'ibinyabutabire mu bisubizo bya tin idafite amashanyarazi, no mu gukora ibikomoka kuri malt binyuze mu gutuma isomaltose igabanuka. Oleylamine ikoreshwa nk'inyongera mu mavuta ya mazutu.

Umusaruro waImiti ikoreshwa mu gupima imiterere y'ibinyabutabire

Amine z'ibanze n'umunyu wazo bikora nk'ibintu bifasha mu kuzenguruka kw'amabuye y'agaciro, ibintu birwanya gufunga ifumbire mvaruganda cyangwa ibisasu, ibintu bifasha mu kurengera impapuro, ibintu bigabanya ingese, ibintu bitera ubwivumbure, imiti yica udukoko mu nganda za peteroli, ibintu bikoresha lisansi na lisansi, ibintu bisukura hakoreshejwe ikoranabuhanga, ibintu bifasha mu gukora ibumba rya organometallic, ibintu bifasha mu gutunganya irangi, imiti itunganya amazi n'ibintu bihindura filime. Amine z'ibanze zishobora gukoreshwa mu gukora ibintu bifasha mu gukora ibifasha mu gutunganya no kubungabunga imihanda minini. Ibi bifasha mu kugabanya imbaraga z'abakozi mu gihe cy'ubwubatsi no kubungabunga imihanda kandi bigafasha mu kongera igihe cy'ubuzima bw'imihanda.

Umusaruro waSurfactants zitari izo mu bwoko bwa ioni

Imiyoboro ikorwa n'uburyo amine za aliphatic primary zirimo ethylene oxide zikoreshwa cyane cyane nk'ibintu birwanya static mu nganda za pulasitiki. Amine za ethoxylated ntizishongeshwa muri pulasitiki bityo zijya ku buso bwa pulasitiki buto. Iyo zimaze kugera ku buso, amine za ethoxylated zifata neza ubushuhe buva mu kirere, bigatuma imiterere ya pulasitiki ihinduka antistatic.

Umusaruro waAmphoterique Surfactants

Dodecylamine igira ingaruka kuri methyl acrylate, hanyuma hagakurikiraho saponification na neutralization kugira ngo ikore N-dodecyl-β-alanine. Imiti ikoreshwa muri ubu bwoko bw'imiti ifite imiterere ikurikira: amazi yayo ni ibinyobwa birebire cyangwa bidafite ibara, bishongeshwa mu mazi cyangwa muri ethanol, byoroshye kubora, birwanya amazi akomeye, uruhu ruke rufite uburozi buke kandi nta burozi burimo. Imikoreshereze yayo irimo ibintu bitera ifuro, emulsifiers, anticorrosives, sabuni y'amazi, shampoos, conditioner, softeners, antistatic agents n'ibindi.